Physicochemical and adsorption properties of some carbon materials in aqueous solutions

Water dispersions of carbon adsorbents-nanodiamonds of UD-DP and UD-HP-DP types, nanodiamond charge of UDB-A type, C-60 fullerene, nanotubes, and activated carbon-were studied. Some physicochemical properties of their surface (acidity and electrokinetic characteristics) were investigated, and the surface values of pK(a1) were calculated. The data on adsorption of iodine, malic acid, and cationic dyes onto these adsorbents from aqueous and 1 mol/L NaCl solutions were discussed and compared. The dyeadsorption data and the values of the zeta potential and suspension effect indicated a negatively charged surface of UDA-SP nanodiamond within a pH adsorption range from 5.5 to 8.0

Development of layered anode structures supported over Apatite-type Solid Electrolytes

Apatite-type lanthanum silicates (ATLS) materials have attracted interest in recent literature as solid electrolytes for SOFCs. The fabrication of an ATLS based fuel cell with the state-of-art electrodes (NiO/YSZ as anode and LSCF or LSM as cathode) can show degradation after long operation hours due to Si diffusion mainly towards the anode. In this work, we report a “layer-by-layer anodic electrodes” fabrication by means of spin coating and physical spraying. The overall aim of this work is the successful fabrication of such a layered structure including suitable blocking layers towards the inhibition of Si interdiffusion from the apatite electrolyte to the anode. The results showed that the deposition of 3 layers of LFSO/GDC (3μm), NiO/GDC (4μm) and the final NiO/YSZ anode layer provided a stable half-cell, with no solid state reaction occurring among the electrodes and no Si diffusion observed towards the anode after thermal treatment at 800°C for 120h

INVENTIVE WORK OF SCIENTIFIC CENTER OF RECONSTRUCTIVE AND RESTORATIVE SURGERY SB RAMS (REPORT 2)

The article presents the analysis of the inventive work of the Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics being a part of the Scientific Center of Reconstructive and Restorative Surgery SB RAMS. Main directions of patent work including hip replacement technologies, diagnostics and treatment of spine and spinal cord pathologies, methods of managing bone tissue regeneration and of using autologous tissues for osteoplasty, septic osteology, anesthetic management techniques in orthopedic surgery and also of evaluation and modulation of functional state of organism were marked. The effectiveness of patented technologies is proved in the current researches of the Center that allows to transmit them into practical health care

Quasi-Chaplygin Systems and Nonholonimic Rigid Body Dynamics

We show that the Suslov nonholonomic rigid body problem can be regarded almost everywhere as a generalized Chaplygin system. Furthermore, this provides a new example of a multidimensional nonholonomic system which can be reduced to a Hamiltonian form by means of Chaplygin reducing multiplier. Since we deal with Chaplygin systems in the local sense, the invariant manifolds of the integrable examples are not necessary tori.Comment: minor changes, to appear in Letters in Mathematical Physic

Problems of Teaching Foreign Students under Conditions of the Pandemic

The article analyzes a process of teaching foreign students at regional universities under conditions of restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, using digital technologies. Currently, universities, and especially technical universities, play a leading role in the development and distribution of digital technologies. The authors believe that achieving these goals involves changing the content of academic disciplines and courses, including those aimed at improving digital literacy. The concept of combining a lecture system and e-learning technologies, which are provided by the electronic platform Microsoft Teams at the VSTU, is a modern format of the educational process. With a mixed format of educational process, the modular principle of organizing a curriculum of disciplines seems to be more appropriate. The authors analyze the results of the first stage of educational digitalization (the second semester of the 2019/20 academic year). This analysis is based on the academic performance of students (Russian and foreign) and the results of teachers’ and students’ survey on the effectiveness of distance learning. According to the results of educational analytics, the authors state, firstly, a decrease in the absolute academic performance of students while teaching with a help of the distance education technologies and e-learning, due to the low level of students’ self-organization and the lack of educational material in the digital format; secondly, a decrease in the quality of teaching, which demonstrates the unwillingness of teachers to use the potential of e-learning and, thirdly, the impossibility of a complete transfer of teaching to a digital environment. In addition, the authors describe the problems faced by regional universities in the process of educational digitalization and the implementation of the program of Russian education export

Identification and Characterization of a New Tubulin-Binding

We studied the mechanism of action of 3,5-dibromo-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (JG-03-14) and found that it is a potent microtubule depolymerizer. JG-03-14 caused a dose-dependent loss of cellular microtubules, formation of aberrant mitotic spindles, accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and Bcl-2 phosphorylation. These events culminated in the initiation of apoptosis, as evidenced by the caspase 3-dependent cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). JG-03-14 has antiproliferative activity against a wide range of cancer cell lines, with an average IC50 value of 62 nM, and it is a poor substrate for transport by P-glycoprotein. JG-03-14 inhibited the polymerization of purified tubulin in vitro, consistent with a direct interaction between the compound and tubulin. JG-03-14 potently inhibited the binding of [3H]colchicine to tubulin, suggesting that it bound to tubulin at a site overlapping the colchicine site. JG-03-14 had antitumor effects in the PC3 xenograft model, in which it caused greater than 50% reduction in tumor burden after 14 days of treatment. Molecular modeling studies indicated that the dimethoxyphenyl group of JG-03-14 occupies a space similar to that of the trimethoxyphenyl group of colchicine. However, the 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrrole group, which is connected to the dimethoxyphenyl moiety, interacted with both α and β tubulin in space not shared with colchicine, suggesting significant differences compared with colchicine in the mechanism of binding to tubulin. Our results suggest that this tetransubstituted pyrrole represents a new, biologically active chemotype for the colchicine site on tubulin

VISUALIZATION OF SCATTERING SPECTRA OF DOUBLE-STRANDED RIGHT-HANDED DNA MOLECULE

In the article, methods of visualization of double-stranded right-handed DNA molecules using ultrashort laser pulses. Contour plots are constructed on the basis of theoretically found scattering spectra of DNA molecules. The structure of A-DNA and B-DNA is visualized.Работа поддержана Грантом Президента РФ №МД-4260.2021.1.2. и государственным заданием РФ №0793-2020-0005

On selection of foxes for enhanced aggressiveness and its correlated implications

The results of a 35-year selection of foxes for aggressive response to humans are reported. Averaged estimates of the phenotypic manifestation of aggressiveness in all selection generations are presented. The dynamics of these estimates shows that the phenotypic response to the selection was obvious only in the first 12 generations. Subsequent selection did not alter the mean aggressiveness score. Analysis of variance was performed for the intergroup variability (among descendants of different mothers) and intragroup variability (among the offspring within a family). The intragroup variability was constantly low. Most likely, the trait is stabilized by maternal prenatal and early neonatal factors. The general tendency in the dynamics of intergroup variability is that it does not decrease over time during selection, no matter how long the population has been under it. It follows from the statistical indices of the phenotypic similarity between parents and offspring that additive interactions are insufficient for the explanation of the persisting variability. The contribution of epistatic interactions is not ruled out, though. Emphasis is laid on the correlated consequences of the selection for aggressiveness and their coordination with the consequences of the selection in the opposite direction, for elimination of aggressive response to humans, or for tameness. The parallelism of correlated changes in the selection in contrasting directions is illustrated by the examples of some physiological and morphological traits. The phenomenon is discussed in the light of classical notions of the resource of cryptic genetic variation and the role of selection in its phenotypic manifestation. Its interpretation also invokes molecular data pointing that some genetic pathways may regulate parameters of both aggression and tameness and that the selection processes in both directions may have some genetic targets in common

Дифференциальная диагностика локальной формы гранулематоза с полиангиитом: поражение органа зрения и органа слуха (часть 2)

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a primary vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, characterized by necrotizing vasculitis with predominant involvement of small vessels of various localization and necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with multiple clinical manifestations. GPA remains one of the most severe and prognostically unfavorable systemic vasculitis. The second part of the article presents data on the differential diagnosis of the onset of the disease with the ocular and ear involvement, which requires an interdisciplinary approach and interaction between doctors of different specialties. In the refractory course of the local form of GPA, immunosuppressive therapy, including glucocorticoids and rituximab or cyclophosphamide, is advisable.Гранулематоз с полиангиитом (ГПА) – первичный васкулит, ассоциированный с антинейтрофильными цитоплазматическими антителами, характеризующийся некротизирующим васкулитом  с преимущественным вовлечением мелких  сосудов различной локализации  и некротизирующим гранулематозным воспалением с многогранными клиническими  проявлениями. ГПА остается одним из самых тяжелых и прогностически неблагоприятных системных васкулитов.  Во второй части статьи представлены данные о дифференциальной диагностике дебюта заболевания с поражения органа зрения и органа слуха, которая требует междисциплинарного подхода и взаимодействия между врачами разных специальностей. При рефрактерном течении локальной формы ГПА целесообразна иммуносупрессивная терапия, включающая глюкокортикоиды и ритуксимаб или циклофосфамид