Comparative Analysis of Widely use Object-Oriented Languages

Programming is an integral part of computer science discipline. Every day the programming environment is not only rapidly growing but also changing and languages are constantly evolving. Learning of object-oriented paradigm is compulsory in every computer science major so the choice of language to teach object-oriented principles is very important. Due to large pool of object-oriented languages, it is difficult to choose which should be the first programming language in order to teach object-oriented principles. Many studies shown which should be the first language to tech object-oriented concepts but there is no method to compare and evaluate these languages. In this article we proposed a comprehensive framework to evaluate the widely used object-oriented languages. The languages are evaluated basis of their technical and environmental features.Comment: 30 pages, figures

Comparative Analysis of Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Concrete and Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete

In Pakistan, the high year-over-year growth in the construction industry has led to a significant increase in the cost of construction materials, particularly cement. To reduce the cost of construction, alternative materials need to be sought. In Pakistan, approximately one million tons of fly ash are generated each year from coal-fired thermal power stations. A sample of fly ash was obtained from the 125 Megawatts Coal Fired Power Station Lakhra in Khanot, Hyderabad, Sindh Pakistan.A study was conducted on fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, using test data to identify the factors that influence its properties and to develop a simple method for designing geopolymer concrete mixtures. The mix design for fly ash was carried out using the standard ACI method. Various trial mixes were prepared using arbitrary ratios of cementitious materials, fine and coarse aggregates. The compressive strength of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete was 64% and 57% for geopolymer concrete (GPC) after 7 days. At 14 days, the strength of OPC was 83% and 76% for GPC. The strength of OPC reached 97% after 28 days, while GPC reached 91%

Robust Heterogeneous Network to Support Multitasking

Due to emerging technology, efficient multitasking approach is highly demanded. But it is hard to accomplish in heterogeneous wireless networks, where diverse networks have dissimilar geometric features in service and traffic models. Multitasking loss examination based on Markov chain becomes inflexible in these networks owing to rigorous computations is obligatory. This paper emphases on the performance of heterogeneous wireless networks based on multitasking. A method based on multitasking of the interrelated traffic is used to attain an approximate performance in heterogeneous wireless networks with congested traffic. The accuracy of the robust heterogeneous network with multitasking is verified by using ns2 simulations.http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.451

Cloudlet computing : recent advances, taxonomy, and challenges

A cloudlet is an emerging computing paradigm that is designed to meet the requirements and expectations of the Internet of things (IoT) and tackle the conventional limitations of a cloud (e.g., high latency). The idea is to bring computing resources (i.e., storage and processing) to the edge of a network. This article presents a taxonomy of cloudlet applications, outlines cloudlet utilities, and describes recent advances, challenges, and future research directions. Based on the literature, a unique taxonomy of cloudlet applications is designed. Moreover, a cloudlet computation offloading application for augmenting resource-constrained IoT devices, handling compute-intensive tasks, and minimizing the energy consumption of related devices is explored. This study also highlights the viability of cloudlets to support smart systems and applications, such as augmented reality, virtual reality, and applications that require high-quality service. Finally, the role of cloudlets in emergency situations, hostile conditions, and in the technological integration of future applications and services is elaborated in detail. © 2013 IEEE

Changing trends of Hepatitis B seromarkers amongst pakistani population: a laboratory-based review

Objective: To study the changing trends of hepatitis B markers tested at Aga Khan University Hospital clinical laboratory according to the internationally recognised classification of hepatitis B profile. Methods: The retrospective study involved analysis of laboratory records of hepatitis B profiles of all patients collected from January 2001 to December 2008 at the Aga Khan University Hospital\\u27s clinical laboratory. Patients with complete profile tested were categorised according to the Centre for Diseases Control classification of hepatitis B profile. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis. R Results: A total of 185,825 patients had serological markers for hepatitis B tested. Mean-age of reactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) patients was 30±12.5 years. HBsAg reactivity was significantly higher in males than females (34% vs 12%; p Conclusion: The study substantiated the general perception that levels of HBsAg is showing a decreasing trend, while levels of HBsAb are increasing perhaps due to better vaccination of population

Outcomes of Primary Repair in Typhoid Perforation

Objective: To determine the outcomes of primary repair in patients with typhoid perforation.Study Design: Case series studyStudy Duration: Study was conducted for 3 year from 15th January 2014 to 15th January 2017.Methodology: 280 Patients presenting to the emergency department were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria via nonprobability consecutive sampling. Written informed consent was taken. The surgical procedure was performed by a senior surgeon having experience of more than 5 years. Postoperatively patient was followed up for ten days and final outcomes (wound infection, anastomotic leakage, wound dehiscence and intra-abdominal collection were assessed clinically and by ultrasound abdomen and was recorded on prescribed Performa. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 17Results: The age range was from 15 to 50 years (average age of 25.9 + 9.87 years). Out 280 patients, 108(38.6%) were male and 172 (61.1%) were female. Intra-abdominal collection occurred in 18(6.4%), wound dehiscence in 14(5%), wound infection in 74(26.4%) and anastomotic leakage in 12(4.3%). Conclusion: The primary repair of perforation is the treatment of choice for typhoid perforation. Early surgery and adequate resuscitation is necessary for successful management of patients with typhoid perforation

Technology-assisted decision support system for efficient water utilization : a real-time testbed for irrigation using wireless sensor networks

Scientific organizations and researchers are eager to apply recent technological advancements, such as sensors and actuators, in different application areas, including environmental monitoring, creation of intelligent buildings, and precision agriculture. Technology-assisted irrigation for agriculture is a major research innovation which eases the work of farmers and prevents water wastage. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used as sensor nodes that directly interact with the physical environment and provide real-time data that are useful in identifying regions in need, particularly in agricultural fields. This paper presents an efficient methodology that employs WSN as a data collection tool and a decision support system (DSS). The proposed DSS can assist farmers in their manual irrigation procedures or automate irrigation activities. Water-deficient sites in both scenarios are identified by using soil moisture and environmental data sensors. However, the proposed system's accuracy is directly proportional to the accuracy of dynamic data generated by the deployed WSN. A simplified outlier-detection algorithm is thus presented and integrated with the proposed DSS to fine-tune the collected data prior to processing. The complexity of the algorithm is O(1) for dynamic datasets generated by sensor nodes and O(n) for static datasets. Different issues in technology-assisted irrigation management and their solutions are also addressed. © 2013 IEEE