4 research outputs found
Metabesity: pathogenetic bases and predictive capabilities. A review
One of the most pressing problems of our time is obesity, recognized by the WHO as a pandemic of the XXI century. It is important to remember that obesity is a full-fledged nosological entity, but many women think that obesity is just a problem of beauty and aesthetics. It is important to note that this nosology has a number of serious consequences, starting with the development of cardiovascular disease and ending with cancer. However, the βproblem in the problemβ is the so-called βmetabesityβ β a new term that reflects a number of diseases, the pathogenesis of which is based on the metabolic syndrome. Obesity, metabolic syndrome and metabesity seem to be different concepts, but the absolute identity of the pathogenetic basis characterizes them as successive stages of one global process. In this regard, it is necessary to highlight the key mechanisms of the development of the described disorders and to consider the concept of clinical management of patients in this cohort
The Immune Profile of the Endometrium in the "Uterine Factor" of Infertility
Background: This study aimed to investigate the endometrial characteristics (pathomorphological and immunological) of women with infertility.
Methods and Results: Data from an immunohistochemical study of endometrial biopsies (TNF-Ξ±, IL-10, GM-CSF, CXCL16, BCA1, TGF-Ξ²1) collected during the βimplantation windowβ and microbiota studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction in 171 patients (21 women with unexplained infertility, 36 - chronic endometritis, 74 - tubal-peritoneal infertility, 22 - external genital endometriosis, 8 - "thin" endometrium, and 10 healthy fertile women from the comparison group) were analyzed to identify molecular signatures. Chronic endometritis was verified morphologically and immunohistochemically.
Each group revealed different immune endometrial phenotypes. The basis of the "normal" phenotype was a controlled immune inflammation and a Lactobacillus-dominant microbiota (LDM) type. In contrast to the comparison group, in the group with the phenotype of chronic inflammation, an excessive immune response (overexpression of TNF-Ξ±, GM-CSF, CXCL16, BCA1, and a decrease in IL-10 and TGF-Ξ²1 in glandular epithelium and stroma) was determined on the background of non-Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota (NLDM) type (63.3%) (P<0.001). The peculiar feature of a dysplastic phenotype was a "poor" immune response, with maximal TGF-Ξ²1 overexpression (P<0.001) and a NLDM type (47.1%). We determined an excessive immune response in the proliferative endometrial phenotype (GM-CSF overexpression by 1.2 times in the glandular epithelium and stroma [P<0.001 in both cases] and a decrease in IL-10 by 1.6 times in the glandular epithelium and 1.2 times in the stroma [P<0.001 in both cases]). Uterine microbiome disorders were detected less frequently than in patients with the inflammation phenotype (31.6%) (P=0.01). In the phenotype with impaired immune status, there was a decrease in GM-CSF, BCA1, CXCL16, TNF-Ξ±, and IL-10 markers in both endometrial compartments (P<0.001) with a LDM type (81.2%).
Conclusion. The molecular signatures of the endometrium are due to the heterogeneity of immune factors and microbiota. Aberrant expression of immune factors may contribute to the formation of a microenvironment unfavorable for blastocyst implantation
Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneous endocrine disease that affects women of childbearing age. The pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome has not been fully studied to date, its paradigm considers the genetic determinism of the manifestation of hormonal and metabolic disorders, which are considered to be criteria for the verification of the disease (hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation and/or polycystic ovarian transformation during ultrasound examination (ultrasound). This review discusses the main ways of interaction between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity and their role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as possible methods of treatment for this category of patients. The review analyzes the role of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in the implementation of the genetic scenario of polycystic ovary syndrome and finds out the reasons why women with polycystic ovary syndrome often demonstrate the presence of a Β«metabolic trioΒ» - hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is noted that obesity is not included in the criteria for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome, but epidemiological data confirm the existence of a relationship between these diseases. Obesity, especially visceral, which is often found in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, enhances and worsens metabolic and reproductive outcomes with polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as increases insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia, which, in turn, stimulates adipogenesis and suppresses lipolysis. Obesity increases the sensitivity of tech cells to luteinizing hormone stimulation and enhances functional hyperandrogenism of the ovaries, increasing the production of androgens by the ovaries. Excess body weight is associated with a large number of inflammatory adipokines, which, in turn, contribute to the growth of insulin resistance and adipogenesis. Obesity and insulin resistance exacerbate the symptoms of hyperandrogenism, forming a vicious circle that contributes to the development of polycystic ovary syndrome. These data allow us to conclude that bariatric surgery can become an alternative to drugs (metformin, thiazolidinedione analogs of glucagon-like peptide-1), which has shown positive results in the treatment of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity.Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π· ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎ/Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΊ. Π ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Β«ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠΎΒ» - Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ° 2 ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π· ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·. ΠΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅, Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·. ΠΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ³ΡΠ±Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠ³, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΠ½, ΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°-1) ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π±Π°ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π²ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΊ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ - ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°. Π§ΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ COVID-19?
In the modern paradigm of public health protection, much attention is paid to the health of women in peri- and postmenopause, and a personalized approach prevails. It is generally recognized that the pathogenetic therapy of menopausal disorders is hormone therapy. But the COVID-19 pandemic has made its own adjustments to the routine strategy of choosing menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). The purpose of this review was to analyze studies on the dependence of the effectiveness of MHT on clinical and genetic aspects in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The review highlights the main risks of MHT for thromboembolic diseases and coagulation complications characteristic of COVID-19, discusses genetic predispositions that aggravate the course of the post-COVID period, as well as the effectiveness of estrogens in protecting the vascular endothelium and increasing the number of CD4+ T cells, providing an adequate immune response when infected with SARS-CoV-2. Numerous studies show that the complications characteristic of the severe course of COVID-19 are multifactorial in nature and cannot be unambiguously explained only by genetic predisposition. However, with the development of personalized medicine, special attention should be paid to the study of genetic aspects that can equally contribute to the occurrence of menopausal disorders in healthy women and aggravate the course of the post-pregnancy period. The data presented allow us to conclude that in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic at the population level, MHT can bring significant benefits to women during menopause due to the beneficial effect of estrogens on vascular walls. Additional study of the relationship between the course of the postcovid period in MHT users and polymorphisms of candidate genes that determine the risks of thrombotic complications and metabolic consequences is required.Π ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈ- ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ·Π΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ COVID-19 Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π² ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠΠ’). Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ’ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ COVID-19. Π ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΠ’ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ COVID-19, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ CD4+ T-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ SARS-CoV-2. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ COVID-19, Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ COVID-19 Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΠΠ’ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π’ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ’ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²-ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ