1 research outputs found
ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°
The article studies the transformation of professional orientations of journalists in the context of the mediatization of society. Researchers definemediatization as a two-way process that refers to the development of digital technologies, the spread of the Internet and new media within which media and social institutions mutually influence each other. The advancement of digital technologies, the increased availability of the Internet, smartphones, and social networks for a wider population trigger the mediatization process. The institute of journalism and the professional activity of a journalist is the most vulnerable to mediatization. To study the transformation of professional orientations of journalists in the context of the mediatization of society, we carried out a series of in-depth interviews with journalists (N = 10) in 2020β2021. We also analyzed data from international and Russian sociological studies made between 2012 and 2016. The results showed that under the mediatization of society, it is the audience that guides a journalist. And this, in turn, attracts advertisers. In addition, there occurs βa desacralizationβ of the image of the journalist since the audience is involved in the news production process. In the face of the struggle for the attention and trust of the audience, there emerges the necessity to update the principles of efficiency and fact-checking. As for the ethics of a journalist, the informal rules of conduct, adopted in a particular publication are the priority, while the norms enshrined in professional codes fade into the background. The freedom and independence of the journalist are declining, which professionals themselves associate with political and economic pressure and regulatory restrictions. Editors, media owners, the editorial policy of a publication, inner convictions, and personal values β all of this affects the journalistβs activities. According to journalists, the image of a professional acquires a negative colouring in the public eye due to the erosion of the credibility of media practitioners. Finally, mediatization processes lead to over-information, which increases the risk of journalistsβ burnout.Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°, Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Π½Π° Π΄ΡΡΠ³Π° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ 2020-Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ 2021 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ Ρ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (N = 10), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ 2012-Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ 2016 Π³ΠΎΠ΄. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ, Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Ρ Π·Π° Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π³Π°. Π§ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°, Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΡ, Π·Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½. Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π‘ΠΠ, ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² Π³Π»Π°Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π‘ΠΠ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²