Tonsils of slaughtered pigs as marker sample for Salmonella positive pork

Pork is responsible for approximately 15% of all cases of salmonellosis in humans in Western Europe and North America (I). To reduce the prevalence of pork-borne salmonellosis in man, it is important that carcasses of slaughtered pigs and other edible pork products do not contain salmonella after the slaughter process. As long as it is not possible to avoid contamination of pork with salmonella, the contamination level should be as low as reasonably achievable. In order to reach this situation, contaminated carcasses should be identified, so that this meat can be processed (e.g. heated) to eliminate the safety risks. For this reason it can be useful to investigate a sample, which can be collected easily and is able to predict if salmonella is present on the carcass after slaughter

The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis as a simple tool to distinguish between salmonella isoaltes ina n epidemiologic research

In the Netherlands Salmonella is, together with Campylobacter, one of the most important causes of bacterial foodborne infections. Although poultry is recognised as the major source of salmonellosis in man, pork also contributes to the human cases of salmonellosis (Van de Giessen, 1996)

Evidence and Ideology in Macroeconomics: The Case of Investment Cycles

The paper reports the principal findings of a long term research project on the description and explanation of business cycles. The research strongly confirmed the older view that business cycles have large systematic components that take the form of investment cycles. These quasi-periodic movements can be represented as low order, stochastic, dynamic processes with complex eigenvalues. Specifically, there is a fixed investment cycle of about 8 years and an inventory cycle of about 4 years. Maximum entropy spectral analysis was employed for the description of the cycles and continuous time econometrics for the explanatory models. The central explanatory mechanism is the second order accelerator, which incorporates adjustment costs both in relation to the capital stock and the rate of investment. By means of parametric resonance it was possible to show, both theoretically and empirically how cycles aggregate from the micro to the macro level. The same mathematical tool was also used to explain the international convergence of cycles. I argue that the theory of investment cycles was abandoned for ideological, not for evidential reasons. Methodological issues are also discussed

Tonsils of slaughtered pigs as marker sample for Salmonella positive pork

Pork is responsible for approximately 15% of all cases of salmonellosis in humans in Western Europe and North America (I). To reduce the prevalence of pork-borne salmonellosis in man, it is important that carcasses of slaughtered pigs and other edible pork products do not contain salmonella after the slaughter process. As long as it is not possible to avoid contamination of pork with salmonella, the contamination level should be as low as reasonably achievable. In order to reach this situation, contaminated carcasses should be identified, so that this meat can be processed (e.g. heated) to eliminate the safety risks. For this reason it can be useful to investigate a sample, which can be collected easily and is able to predict if salmonella is present on the carcass after slaughter.</p