Treatment of synthetic textile wastewater containing dye mixtures with microcosms

The aim was to assess the ability of microcosms (laboratory-scale shallow ponds) as a post polishing stage for the remediation of artificial textile wastewater comprising two commercial dyes (basic red 46 (BR46) and reactive blue 198 (RB198)) as a mixture. The objectives were to evaluate the impact of Lemna minor L. (common duckweed) on the water quality outflows; the elimination of dye mixtures, organic matter, and nutrients; and the impact of synthetic textile wastewater comprising dye mixtures on the L. minor plant growth. Three mixtures were prepared providing a total dye concentration of 10 mg/l. Findings showed that the planted simulated ponds possess a significant (p < 0.05) potential for improving the outflow characteristics and eliminate dyes, ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) in all mixtures compared with the corresponding unplanted ponds. The removal of mixed dyes in planted ponds was mainly due to phyto-transformation and adsorption of BR46 with complete aromatic amine mineralisation. For ponds containing 2 mg/l of RB198 and 8 mg/l of BR46, removals were around 53%, which was significantly higher than those for other mixtures: 5 mg/l of RB198 and 5 mg/l of BR46 and 8 mg/l of RB198 and 2 mg/l of BR46 achieved only 41 and 26% removals, respectively. Dye mixtures stopped the growth of L. minor, and the presence of artificial wastewater reduced their development

Investigation of heavy metal removal by a submerged aquatic plant (Myriophyllum spicatum) in a batch system

The experimental results regarding the performance of a laboratory scale wetland in removing heavy metals (Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd 2+) were presented. A total of ten glass aquaria were used to constitute the wetland. River sand was placed at the beds of the aquaria to keep the plants in an upright position. After establishing the experimental conditions, five aquaria were planted with Myriophyllum spicatum and the other five control aquaria were left unplanted. Heavy metals were used at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/L concentrations. Operating took two weeks. Removal of metals occurred in 1-5 d. Removal rates ranged from 87.3-99.9% for Zn, 90-98.5% for Cu and 58.9-90.3% for Cd. The results show that the M. spicatum system, which was able to remove Zn2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ has a good removal capacity

Isotherm models for predicting the dye adsorption potential of coon tail (Ceratophyllum demersun) and water milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum)

The dye adsorption potential and characteristics of the submerged aquatic plan Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum were investigated using an azo dye (Basic Blue 41 - BB41). Adsorption equilibria were attained after 160 min at various initial BB41 concentrations (in the range 5-80 mg/l). Attempts were made to fit the equilibrium data obtained using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models. The data obtained from the C. demersum and M. spicatum studies were fitted exactly by the Redlich-Peterson and Temkin adsorption isotherms models with correlation coefficient (r) values of 0.999 and 0.981, respectively. The fits of the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were also acceptable. Evaluation of the experimental data using the Langmuir equation revealed that the maximum adsorption capacities of C. demersum and M. spicatum were 50.0 mg/g and 64.9 mg/g, respectively

Assessment of the dye removal capability of submersed aquatic plants in a laboratory-scale wetland system using ANOVA

The textile dye (Basic Blue 41(BB41)) removal capability of a laboratory-scale wetland system was presented in this study. Twenty glass aquaria were used to establish the wetland. Myriophyllum spicatum and Ceratophyllum demersum were planted in the aquaria and acclimated. After establishing flow conditions, the aquaria were fed with synthetic wastewaters containing BB41. The concentration of the dye was adjusted to 11.0 mg/L in the synthetic wastewater. Hydraulic retention times (HRTs) ranged between 3 and 18 days. Effective HRTs were 9 and 18 days. The highest dye removal rates were 94.8 and 94.1% for M. spicatum and C. demersum aquaria respectively. The statistical ANOVA method was used to assess the dye removal capability of the wetland system. In all cases the ANOVA method revealed that plants in the wetland system and HRT were important factors and the wetland system was able to remove the dye from influent wastewater

Removal of Bisphenol-A from Aqueous Solutions by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Batch Reactors: Effect of Carbon Source, Temperature and Concentrations

This study was carried out to investigate the potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the removal of bisphenol-A (BPA) from synthetic wastewater. To achieve this, BPA removal capability of P. aeruginosa with respect to BPA concentration, and temperature were examined in batch reactors. Experiments were conducted in the presence/absence of glucose, as a carbon source. The first set of experiments consisted of evaluating the kinetic of removal of BPA at different concentrations (5, 10, 20, and 30mg BPA/L) without glucose. In the second set of experiments, three different glucose concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0glucose/L) with BPA concentrations were tested. After settlement of the P. aeruginosa biomass in the shakers, supernatants and control groups were filtered and analyzed for BPA using high performance liquid chromatography. In the biotic study, BPA removal rates were between 63% and 100%. All concentrations of BPA under 20mg/L were completely degraded at 25 and 35 °C at first step. However, 30mgBPA/L was decreased to 8.56mg/L by P. aeruginosa at first step at 25 °C. At the second step, all concentrations of BPA were completely degraded by the cells at the presence of glucose. Hence, it can be summarized that bisphenol A can be used by P. aeruginosa as an external carbon source in the wastewater environments. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.MMF2010D4This study supported by Academic Research Projects Unit of Çukurova University by MMF2010D

Removal of basic textile dyes from aqueous solutions through adsorption by eucalyptus camaldulensis barks

In this study, the adsorption capacities of Eucalyptus camaldulensis barks were investigated as an alternative tertiary treatment for the removal of textile dyes [Basic Blue (BB41) and Basic Yellow (BY51)] commonly used in the textile industry. The first set of experiments employed an initial dye concentration of 100 mg/l and 3 g of tree barks in order to determine the contact time for breakthrough. Then, the adsorption isotherm constants were obtained for BB41 and BY51 employing concentrations varying between 25 mg/l to 800 mg/l and between 25 mg/l to 500 mg/l, respectively, using the same amount of E. camaldulensis barks. The constants determined via the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms indicated that both isotherm models were adequate for explaining the adsorption process. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacities (Qmax) of the E. camaldulensis barks for BB41 and BY51 were 164.17 mg/g and 54.68 mg/g, respectively. The applicability of various kinetic models was also investigated. The results indicated that the adsorption kinetics conformed to intra-particle diffusion. Finally, the dimensionless constant separation factor for the adsorbent/adsorbate system was determined

Cadmium removal from synthetic wastewater by using submerged aquatic plant (Myriophyllum spicatum)

Bu çalışma Laboratuar ölçekli olarak kurulan ve kesikli olarak işletilen, yapay sulak alanda gerçekleştirilen ağır metal (Cd+2) giderimi araştırmasının deneysel sonuçları sunulmuştur. Kullanılan akvaryumların tabanına bitkileri dik tutabilmek için yıkanmış nehir kumu yerleştirilmiştir. Akvaryumlar hazırlandıktan sonra 5 tanesine bitki (Myriophyllum spicatum) ekilmiş ve diğer 5 adet kontrol akvaryumuna bitki ekilmemiştir. Cd+2 hem kontrol hem de bitkili akvaryumlarda sırasıyla l, 2, 4, 8 ve 16 mg/1 konsantrasyonlarında uygulanmıştır. Akvaryumlar yaklaşık iki hafta süreyle işletilmiştir. Giderimlerin genellikle ilk beş gün içinde gerçekleştiği görülmüş olup bu oranların % 58,9-90,3 arasında olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuçlar M. spicatum'dan oluşan sistemin Cd+2 giderebildiğini ve iyi bir giderim kapasitesi olduğunu göstermiştir.In this study, experimental results regarding the performance of a laboratory scale wetland operated in batch mode in removing heavy metal (Cd+2), have been presented. River sand was placed to the bed of aquarium basins to hold the plants vertical. After establishing the experimental conditions, five aquariums were planted with Myriophyllum spicatum and the other five control aquariums left unplanted. Heavy metal was used at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/1 concentrations for preparing synthetic waste water. Experiments were carried out for two weeks for each concentration. It was seen that the removal of metal (Cd+2) was occurred within five days time. Removal efficiencies ranged between 58,9-90,3 %. The results show that the M. spicatum system was able to remove Cd2+ and had a good removal capacity

Biotic and abiotic bisphenol-A removal from wastewater by activated sludge: Effects of temperature, biomass, and bisphenol-A concentrations

PubMedID: 26819387In this study, bisphenol-A (BPA) removal from synthetic wastewaters using a laboratory-scale activated sludge system was achieved. Activated (biotic) sludge was used for BPA elimination, whereas inactivated (abiotic) sludge was used during the adsorption study. In each step, six different BPA concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg L-1) were tested, and temperatures were set to 10, 20, and 30 WC in the shakers. Four different activated sludge concentrations (1,000, 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 mgTSS L-1) were applied in the biotic study, and only 2,000 mgTSS L-1 was used in the abiotic study. After settlement of the sludge in the shakers, supernatants and control groups were filtered and analyzed for BPA using high performance liquid chromatography. In the biotic study, BPA and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations were reduced at 100% and 99% levels, respectively. However, the BPA concentrations during the abiotic study changed slightly at varying temperatures, whereas there was no change of BPA concentration observed in the control groups. Results indicate that the main factor of BPA removal in an activated sludge system is biological. Kinetic studies were also conducted. BPA removal was best fit to zero-And first-order reaction kinetics, and the reaction rate constants are provided in this paper. © 2016 IWA Publishing