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Koinon: ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ
The problem of being-in-common remains a fundamental problem of philosophy, social sciences and humanities. The purpose of this article is to analyze the changes in the nature of this problem, the incentives and prospects for its formulation and solution in the late XX β early XXI centuries. Being-incommon is increasingly shifting to the focus of human existence, acquires a decisive existential significance, acts as public opinion, and as a political motivation, and as a paradigm for the social sciences and humanities. The article argues that full awareness of the role of philosophy in describing and explaining the forms of being-in-common presupposes the need for a radical reorientation of both traditional philosophical constructions and the methodology of social and humanitarian cognition. Three dimensions of this reorientation are highlighted. Firstly, this is the βnew socialityβ, the undecidability between βglobalizationβ and βmondializationβ, as well as the need to deconstruct the very possibility of accepting a global or phenomenal world. Secondly, it is ontoheterology, which outlines the ways of overcoming ontological fundamentalism, building an βontology after ontotheologyβ. It exposes the understanding of being-in-common, the original sociality as groundless, anarchic, which arises as a direct correlate of the experience of groundlessness of existence, unrooted in any substance or common essence. Thirdly, this is postfundamentalism as a particular paradigm, style of thinking, postulating the transformation of the practices and techniques of thinking in response to the need to reposition the multiple real as immanent in thought itself. The article concludes that the three-dimensional βspaceβ of comprehending being-in-common sets a certain direction of philosophical and socio-humanitarian research, hidden behind them general methodological tendencies, and the relationship of these tendencies with the nature of social practice.ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΊ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π₯Π₯ β Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ Π₯Π₯I Π². Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΊ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
, ΡΡΠΎ Β«Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ», Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Β«Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉΒ», Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΎ-Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡ
, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Β«ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈΒ» ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π°Π½Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π-ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°, ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Β«ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΒ» ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π° Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ