118 research outputs found
SPADExp: A photoemission angular distribution simulator directly linked to first-principles calculations
We develop a software package SPADExp (simulator of photoemission angular
distribution for experiments) to calculate the photoemission angular
distribution (PAD), which is the momentum dependence of spectrum intensity in
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The software can directly
load the output of the first-principles software package OpenMX, so users do
not need to construct tight-binding models as previous studies did for PAD
calculations. As a result, we can calculate the PADs of large systems such as
quasicrystals and slab systems. We calculate the PADs of sublattice systems
(graphene and graphite) to reproduce characteristic intensity distributions,
which ARPES has experimentally observed. After that, we investigate twisted
bilayer graphene, a quasicrystal showing 12-fold rotational symmetric spectra
in ARPES, and the surface states of the topological insulator
. Our calculations show good agreement with
previous ARPES measurements, showing the correctness of our calculation
software and further potential to investigate the photoemission spectra of
novel quantum materials.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, Software has been developed in
https://github.com/Hiroaki-Tanaka-0606/SPADEx
Clinical impact of lipid injectable emulsion in internal medicine inpatients exclusively receiving parenteral nutrition: a propensity score matching analysis from a Japanese medical claims database
Background Although guidelines recommend lipid injectable emulsions (ILEs) be used as a part of parenteral nutrition, many patients in Japan receive lipid-free parenteral nutrition. Furthermore, little is known about the effect of ILEs on clinical outcomes in medical inpatients managed with parenteral nutrition. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical impact of ILEs on internal medicine inpatients receiving parenteral nutrition. Methods A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed using a medical claims database covering 451 hospitals in Japan. Participants included the following internal medicine inpatients, ages >= 18 years, fasting > 10 days, and receiving exclusively parenteral nutrition, between 2011 and 2020. Participants were divided into 2 groups: those who did and did not receive ILEs. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. The secondary endpoints included intravenous catheter infection, activities of daily living (ADL), hospital length of stay (LOS), and total medical costs. To adjust for energy doses, logistic or multiple regression analyses were performed using energy dose as an additional explanatory variable. Results After PSM, 19,602 matched pairs were formed out of 61,437 patients. The ILE group had significantly lower incidences than the non-ILE group of in-hospital mortality (20.3% vs. 26.9%; odds ratio [OR], 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.72; p < 0.001), deteriorated ADL (10.8% vs. 12.5%; OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79-0.92; p < 0.001), and shorter LOS (regression coefficient, - 0.8; 95% CI, - 1.6-0.0; p = 0.045). After adjusting for energy dose, these ORs or regression coefficients demonstrated the same tendencies and statistical significance. The mean total medical costs were 21,402 in the non-ILE group (p = 0.08), and the adjusted regression coefficient for the ILE vs. the non-ILE group was - 1252 to - $47). Conclusions ILE use was associated with improved clinical outcomes, including lower in-hospital mortality, in internal medicine inpatients receiving parenteral nutrition
Dose-Dependent Effects of Amino Acids on Clinical Outcomes in Adult Medical Inpatients Receiving Only Parenteral Nutrition: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using a Japanese Medical Claims Database
The majority of inpatients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) do not receive adequate amino acid, which may negatively impact clinical outcomes. We investigated the influence of amino acid doses on clinical outcomes in medical adult inpatients fasting >10 days and receiving only PN, using Japanese medical claims database. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary endpoints included deterioration of activities of daily living (ADL), intravenous catheter infection, hospital readmission, hospital length of stay (LOS), and total medical costs. Patients were divided into four groups according to their mean prescribed daily amino acid doses from Days 4 to 10 of fasting: Adequate (>= 0.8 g/kg/day), Moderate (>= 0.6-= 0.4-<0.6 g/kg/day), and Very low (<0.4 g/kg/day). Multivariate logistic or multiple regression analyses were performed with adjustments for patient characteristics (total n = 86,702). The Adequate group was used as the reference in all analyses. For the Moderate, Low, and Very low groups, adjusted ORs (95% CI) of in-hospital mortality were 1.20 (1.14-1.26), 1.43 (1.36-1.51), and 1.72 (1.62-1.82), respectively, and for deterioration of ADL were 1.21 (1.11-1.32), 1.34 (1.22-1.47), and 1.22 (1.09-1.37), respectively. Adjusted regression coefficients (95% CI) of hospital LOS were 1.2 (0.4-2.1), 1.5 (0.6-2.4), and 2.9 (1.8-4.1), respectively. Lower prescribed doses of amino acids were associated with worse clinical outcomes including higher in-hospital mortality
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