What Affects the Visualization of Prostate Cancer Using MRI in Patients Treated with RARP?

Aim：To assess the index lesions（the largest and clinically significant ones）in cases of surgically confirmed prostate cancer（PCa）using a multi-parametric MRI at 3 tesla and to evaluate the relationships between the clinical-pathological features of index PCas and cancer visualization. Materials and Methods：This retrospective study included 67 patients who had undergone roboticassisted radical prostatectomy. Two radiologists reviewed the MRIs（axial and coronal T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging（DWI）with apparent diffusion coefficient mapping and dynamic contrast enhancement MRI（DCEI））. The patients were divided into 4 groups as follows：detected on all 3 sequences（A）, on 2 of 3 sequences（B）, on 1 of 3 sequences（C）, and on none of them（D）. In all groups, all PCa characteristics were assessed, including the PSA level, Grade Group（GG）based on the Gleason score（GS）, the D’Amico criteria, and the maximum tumour length（TL）of the biopsy specimen. Results：Of the 67 patients, 16 were high-risk according to the D’Amico criteria, and 15 of these 16 high-risk patients（94％）belonged to either Group A or Group B. In addition, the mean TL and GG were longer and higher, respectively, in Group A than in the other groups（p＜0.05）. Furthermore, in Group B, 3 of the 4 high-risk patients（75％）were detected using DWI and DCEI. The lesions detected using DWI and DCEI had higher GSs and were in a higher GG. Conclusion：PCas of pathologically higher grades and clinically higher risk were more readily detectableusing multiple parameters

5-Hydroxytryptamine synthesis in HL-1 cells and neonatal rat cardiocytes

Abstract Some reports showed that serotonergic system might have existed and that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was detected in the hamster heart. The source of 5-HT in the heart, however, remains to be fully elucidated. So the present study was designed to define serotonergic system and to clarify which cell could produce 5-HT in the heart. As a result, 5-HT was detected in homogenates of HL-1 cardiomyocytes by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, but not in those of neonatal rat non-cardiomyocytes (NMCs). And TPH and AADC mRNAs were expressed in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (MCs), not in NMCs. mRNAs of 5-HT 2A receptor were detected in both MCs and NMCs, and those of 5-HT 2B receptor in NMCs. These findings definitively demonstrate that 5-HT is secreted from the myocytes of the heart and strongly implied that 5-HT might play a certain role in cardiac physiology. Ó 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: 5-Hydroxytryptamine; HL-1 cardiomyocytes; Neonatal rat cardiac myocytes; Neonatal rat cardiac non-myocytes; HLPC Several studies reported that 5-HT was demonstrated in the hamster heart and involved in cardiac pathophysiology [1-4]. We previously showed that sarpogrelate, a specific inhibitor of 5-HT 2A receptor, attenuated [ 3 H]leucine uptake into neonatal Wistar rat ventricular cardiac myocytes (MCs) but failed to show the evidence of 5-HT secretion from MCs Materials and methods All experiments were performed in accordance with the Guidelines on Animal Experimentation of Jikei University. Preparation of HL-1 cardiomyocytes. HL-1 cardiac myocytes (passages 72-73