How does torsional rigidity affect the wrapping transition of a semiflexible chain around a spherical core?

We investigated the effect of torsional rigidity of a semiflexible chain on the wrapping transition around a spherical core, as a model of nucleosome, the fundamental unit of chromatin. Through molecular dynamics simulation, we show that the torsional effect has a crucial effect on the chain wrapping around the core under the topological constraints. In particular, the torsional stress (i) induces the wrapping/unwrapping transition, and (ii) leads to a unique complex structure with an antagonistic wrapping direction which never appears without the topological constraints. We further examine the effect of the stretching stress for the nucleosome model, in relation to the unique characteristic effect of the torsional stress on the manner of wrapping

ウィクリフハ セイショ ニオケル テイカンシ ヨウホウ ノ イチコウサツ

In the Wycliffite Bible (written late in the 14th century), the uses of articles are not yetwell-established. There is a wide difference in use between the definite articles in the earlierand the latter text. For example, in the earlier text the erthe and the Egipciens have amarked tendency to be used as a subject and with prepositions, but in the latter text ertheand Egipcians are often found with prepositions. This tendency may be a distinctive featureof the latter text. The latter text, however, has no established form of the definite article + singular orplural. Erthe and Egipcians can be interchangeably relaced with the erthe and the Egipcians,and the zero article + singular man is sometimes used as a man or the man, tabernacle asa tabernacle, the indefinite article + singular a culuer as the culuer, an aungel as theaungel, or a cytee as the cytee, and the definite article + plural sterris as the sterris

ウィクリフハ セイショ ノ ゼンキヤク コウキヤク ニオケル テイカンシ ヨウホウ ノ イチコウサツ

In the Wycliffite Bible, the earlier and the latter text have no established uses of thedefinite article + singular or plural as compared with moderm English, and so the definitearticle + singular the erthe or the definite article + plural the Pharisees (the Farisees) can beinterchangeably replaced with the zero-article + singular erthe or the zero-article + pluralPharisees (Farisees) without any difference. In the Old Testament, the definite article + singular or plural, the kyng or the Egipciensin the earlier text has a marked tendency to be used as zero-article + singular or plural,kyng or Egipcians in the latter text. In the New Testament, however, the zero-article +singualr or pural, erthe or apostlis in the earlier text has a distinctive feature of being usedas the definite article + singular or plural, the erthe or the apostlis in the latter text

ウィクリフハ セイショ ノ コウキヤク ニオケル テイカンシ ヨウホウ ノ ハッタツ ニ カンスル イチコウサツ

In the Wycliffite Bible (written late in the 14th century), the uses of articles are not yetwell-established. There is a wide difference in use between the definite articles in the earlierand the latter text. For example, the zero-article + plural disciplis and apostlis in the earliertext have a marked tendency to be used as the definite article + plural the disciplis and theapostlis in the latter text. This tendency may be a more distinctive feature in the NewTestament than in the Old Testament. The latter text, however, has no established form of the definite article + plural as that ofthe Authorized Version (written in 1611). And so the zero-article + plural disciplis andapostlis can be interchangeably replacd with the definite article + plural the disciplis andthe apostlis without any difference

Status of 48Ca double beta decay search in CANDLES

We study a strategy to reduce veto-time in the search for neutrino-less double-beta decay (0υββ) with CANDLES-III system. We develop a new likelihood analysis and apply it to our new Run010 data. We show that we can increase the un-vetoed live-time by 11.8%. Thanks to this improvements, We expect to increase a limit on the life-time of 0υββ by a factor of three by analyzing both Run009 and Run010 data

Generation and Characterization of Conditional Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor Knockout Mice

Recently, neurotrophic factors and cytokines have been shown to be associated in psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a member of the EGF family, serves as a neurotrophic molecular and plays a significant role in the brain. We generated mice in which HB-EGF activity is disrupted specifically in the ventral forebrain. These knockout mice showed (a) behavioral abnormalities similar to those described in psychiatric disorders, which were ameliorated by typical or atypical antipsychotics, (b) altered dopamine and serotonin levels in the brain, (c) decreases in spine density in neurons of the prefrontal cortex, (d) reductions in the protein levels of the NR1 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and post-synaptic protein-95 (PSD-95), (e) decreases in the EGF receptor, and in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) signal cascade. These results suggest the alterations affecting HB-EGF signaling could comprise a contributing factor in psychiatric disorder

On the formation of rings-on-a-string conformations in a single polyelectrolyte chain: A possible scenario

Recent single-molecular observations have revealed that a single giant DNA molecule assumes (micro) phase separated structures upon the addition of condensing agents. Electron and atomic force microscopy have clearly shown the coexistence of ordered tori and disordered coil structures within a single DNA molecule. Motivated by these experimental findings, we theoretically investigated the collapse transition of a single polyelectrolyte chain driven by the addition of condensing guest molecules. We found that the transition behavior critically depends on the degree of the surviving charge inside the torus. When the torus is charged, even slightly, "rings-on-a-string" structures are expected for a sufficiently long chain, owing to the combinational entropy of segment state distribution along the chain and the unique property of the stability of charged torus. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics