Prosthetic Knee for CURE Kenya: Design and Manufacturing

The Prosthetic Knee team is partnered with the CURE International Hospital in Kijabe, Kenya. In the region surrounding our client’s facility, there is a large number of lower-extremity amputations due to various infections and diseases. Often, these patients choose to undergo a more invasive transfemoral amputation to enable them to use a less expensive above-knee prosthesis. The goal of the project is to present the orthopedic workshop at CURE with a manufacturable prosthetic knee design in May of 2023 that provides through-knee amputee patients with a more affordable, aesthetically pleasing, and lightweight prosthetic option, thereby removing the need to undergo an additional amputation above the knee. The poster presents the overarching elements of the prosthetic design in addition to the recently integrated locking and damping components, which aid in the functionality of the knee. Funding for this work provided by The Collaboratory for Strategic Partnerships and Applied Research.https://mosaic.messiah.edu/engr2022/1013/thumbnail.jp

Prosthetic Knee

Amputations, specifically lower limb amputations, are common in Sub Saharan Africa and across the broader global community largely due to infection and disease. Our project, The Prosthetic Knee Team, partners with the orthopedic workshop at the CURE International Hospital in Kijabe, Kenya to create a prosthetic knee design for a specific type of amputation known as a Knee Disarticulation (also called through-knee). Currently, the orthopedic workshop is only able to provide one very expensive prosthetic knee option for these patients, and they often elect to undergo a second surgery, a trans-femoral amputation, because the cost of the second surgery and trans-femoral prosthesis combined is less than the currently available through-knee prosthetic. The goal of our project is to provide the orthopedic workshop with a manufacturable prosthetic knee design that provides through-knee amputees with a cheaper prosthetic option and removes the need to have a second amputation above the knee. Throughout the past two semesters, our focus was on organizing collected data, researching knee-disarticulations, and communicating with our client to more fully understand the scope of our project. After determining that moving forward our project will be manufacturing the prosthetic knees at Messiah College’s machine shop and shipping them to CURE Kenya to be fit on patients, we began to brainstorm potential design ideas. We are presently working on modifying and improving our chosen design to best meet all of the specifications laid out by our partner. Those specifications include minimized thigh-lengthening, low weight, maximized stability and durability, and aesthetically pleasing.https://mosaic.messiah.edu/engr2020/1017/thumbnail.jp

Prosthetic Knee for CURE Kenya

Lower limb amputations are common in sub-Saharan Africa due to the prevalence of disease and infection in communities that lack access to adequate healthcare. Our project, Prosthetic Knee, partners with the CURE International Hospital in Kijabe, Kenya. In the region surrounding our client’s facility, there is a large number of lower-extremity amputations due to various infections and diseases. While many of these amputees only require a through-knee amputation, the lack of an affordable through-knee prosthesis often forces patients to undergo a more invasive transfemoral amputation to enable them to use a cheaper above-knee prosthesis. The goal of our project is to design and manufacture a financially accessible and user-friendly prosthetic knee for knee-disarticulation patients that can be manufactured in Messiah University’s machine shop (and ultimately, at the orthopedic facility in Kijabe). This year, the team’s work has included finalizing the prototype design, conducting finite element analysis in SOLIDWORKS to evaluate the knee’s static and fatigue strength, and beginning the process of physical manufacturing. Additionally, a damping mechanism driven by a spring-loaded system has been developed and integrated into the design after completing motion analysis and SOLIDWORKS modeling. Our future goals include manufacturing a complete metal prototype of the knee, conducting physical strength and fatigue testing on the metal prototype, and continuing iterative prototyping of the damper in preparation for physical implementation.https://mosaic.messiah.edu/engr2021/1014/thumbnail.jp

A Set of 100 Chloroplast DNA Primer Pairs to Study Population Genetics and Phylogeny in Monocotyledons

Chloroplast DNA sequences are of great interest for population genetics and phylogenetic studies. However, only a small set of markers are commonly used. Most of them have been designed for amplification in a large range of Angiosperms and are located in the Large Single Copy (LSC). Here we developed a new set of 100 primer pairs optimized for amplification in Monocotyledons. Primer pairs amplify coding (exon) and non-coding regions (intron and intergenic spacer). They span the different chloroplast regions: 72 are located in the LSC, 13 in the Small Single Copy (SSC) and 15 in the Inverted Repeat region (IR). Amplification and sequencing were tested in 13 species of Monocotyledons: Dioscorea abyssinica, D. praehensilis, D. rotundata, D. dumetorum, D. bulbifera, Trichopus sempervirens (Dioscoreaceae), Phoenix canariensis, P. dactylifera, Astrocaryum scopatum, A. murumuru, Ceroxylon echinulatum (Arecaceae), Digitaria excilis and Pennisetum glaucum (Poaceae). The diversity found in Dioscorea, Digitaria and Pennisetum mainly corresponded to Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) while the diversity found in Arecaceae also comprises Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR). We observed that the most variable loci (rps15-ycf1, rpl32-ccsA, ndhF-rpl32, ndhG-ndhI and ccsA) are located in the SSC. Through the analysis of the genetic structure of a wild-cultivated species complex in Dioscorea, we demonstrated that this new set of primers is of great interest for population genetics and we anticipate that it will also be useful for phylogeny and bar-coding studies