Off-shell Invariant D=N=2 Twisted Super Yang-Mills Theory with a Gauged Central Charge without Constraints

We formulate N=2 twisted super Yang-Mills theory with a gauged central charge by superconnection formalism in two dimensions. We obtain off-shell invariant supermultiplets and actions with and without constraints, which is in contrast with the off-shell invariant D=N=4 super Yang-Mills formulation with unavoidable constraints.Comment: 14 page

ラットの膀胱内圧測定及び摘出膀胱収縮力に対する虚血の影響

ラットの両側内腸骨動脈を結紮し虚血ラット膀胱を作成し, この虚血膀胱におけるurethane麻酔下の膀胱内圧測定及び摘出膀胱の電気刺激, bethanechol, ATP, KClに対する収縮力を検討した.次いで一定速度で生理食塩水を膀胱内に注入しながら電気刺激を繰り返しvolume-pressure studyを実施した.膀胱の重量は虚血により有意に増大した.膀胱内圧曲線を分析した結果, 膀胱容量, 残尿量は増大し, 排尿筋収縮圧は減少した.この結果, 虚血に伴い排尿効率(排尿量/膀胱容量)は有意に減少した.摘出膀胱における排尿収縮力は, 全ての刺激に対して虚血後に低下した.volume-pressure studyの結果からin vitroの膀胱complianceは7日後減少し14日後は逆に増大したIschemia induced by atherosclerosis is a common cause of organ failure in the elderly. We investigated the effects of in vivo ischemia created by ligation of the internal iliac arteries on the parameters of in vivo infusion cystometry under urethane anesthesia and on in vitro whole bladder contractility of the rat. Bladder weight significantly increased after ischemia for 14 days. Infusion cystometry demonstrated that in the ischemic bladders the capacity increased, the voiding pressure decreased, and the volume of residual urine increased, which resulted in deteriorated voiding efficacy. The in vitro whole bladder contractility to field stimulation, bethanechol, ATP, and KCl was reduced by ischemia. The passive pressure increased as the bladder volume enlarged and the bladder compliance once decreased by ischemia on the 7th day, but increased on the 14th day. In an active volume-pressure relationship study the peak response was decreased by ischemia. The volume at which response reached a peak value shifted to a larger volume 14 days after surgery. In conclusion, ischemia impaired in vivo rat detrusor power to empty. Since detrusor contractility in vitro decreased in response to various kinds of stimulation, this deteriorated bladder function was supposed to be caused by muscle degeneration

Usefulness of FDG, MET and FLT-PET Studies for the Management of Human Gliomas

The use of positron imaging agents such as FDG, MET, and FLT is expected to lead the way for novel applications toward efficient malignancy grading and treatment of gliomas. In this study, the usefulness of FDG, MET and FLT-PET images was retrospectively reviewed by comparing their histopathological findings. FDG, MET, and FLT-PET were performed in 27 patients with WHO grade IV, 15 patients with WHO grade III, and 12 patients with WHO grade II during 5.5 years. The resulting PET images were compared by measuring SUVs and T/N ratios (tumor to normal tissue ratios). Although there were no significant differences in FDG-PET, there were significant differences in the T/N ratios in the MET-PET between WHO grades II and IV and in the FLT-PET between the WHO grades III and IV. In glioblastoma patients, the SUVs of the areas depicted by MRI in the MET-PET were different from those SUVs in the FLT-PET. Importantly, the areas with high SUVs in both MET-PET and FLT-PET were also high in Ki-67 index and were histologically highly malignant. PET imaging is a noninvasive modality that is useful in determining a tumor area for removal as well as improving preoperative diagnosis for gliomas

Image Quality of the Coronary Angiography with Noise Reduction Technology to Decrease the Radiation Dose

We examined the effects of a reduced exposure dose on the quality of images from an angiography device augmented with a noise reduction algorithm. Before its clinical application, we compared the diameter of the discrimination limit of the hole with that in the conventional method by a visual evaluation with a contrast-detail (C-D) phantom imaged using the target dose. Based on the results, a reducible dose was determined and applied clinically. The sample population consisted of patients being followed up after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary artery disease; we evaluated the effects of the exposure reduction on image quality. A significant dose reduction was observed by the noise-reduction method compared to the conventional method; the radiation dose to the flat panel detector (FPD) could be reduced to 70 nGy per frame. Clinically, a dose reduction of approx. 40% was obtained while maintaining image quality almost equal to that of the conventional method

Multiple Magnetoelectric Plateaux in Polar Magnet Fe2_2Mo3_3O8_8

The magnetization and electric polarization of a polar antiferromagnet Fe$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$ are studied up to 66 T for spin-saturation magnetic fields applied along the polar axis. The magnetization process at 1.4 K exhibited multistep structures below the saturation field of 65 T. The electric polarization along the polar axis exhibits a similar multistep behavior with a total change of 1.2 $\rm{\mu}C/cm^{2}$. A combined triangular-lattice antiferromagnetic model with strong Ising-type spin anisotropy reproduces this multistep magnetoelectric (ME) effect. The exchange striction mechanism explains the remarkable ME response in the two sub-lattice type-I multiferroic materials. These results and interpretation demonstrate a method for realizing multistage magnetoelectric effects in hybrid spin systems.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Correlation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation with microvessel density and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in hepatocellular carcinoma

Tumor-associated angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth or metastasis, and consists of multiple and sequential steps regulated by proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Vascular endothelial cell proliferation is involved in this process. We investigated the correlation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation with microvessel density (MVD) and expression of major proangiogenic molecules, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of surgically resectedHCCfrom67 patients were used. Proliferating endothelial cells were detected by immunofluorescence double staining for CD34 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The proliferation activity of endothelial cells was determined by the rate of PCNA-positive endothelial cells, and evaluated at the periphery and center of the tumors and adjacent non-neoplastic livers. MVD and the expression of VEGF and bFGF in the tumors were also examined immunohistochemically. The proliferation activity of endothelial cells at the periphery of the tumors was significantly higher than that at the center of the tumors (35.8% vs.12.7%, P<0.0001). The rate of PCNA positive endothelial cells in the tumors with higher bFGF expression was significantly higher than that in the tumors with lower bFGF expression (44.8% vs. 32.5%,P<0.005) at the periphery of the tumors. There was no significant correlation between the rate of PCNA-positive endothelial cells and clinicopathological findings or MVD. InHCC, the proliferation activity of vascular endothelial cells is suggested to be heterogeneous in the tumor and higher at the periphery of the tumor, and bFGF may play an important role in the positive regulation of tumor-associated vascular endothelial cell proliferation

Perioperative Clinical Course Variables Associated with Length of Hospital Stay after Primary Intracranial Meningioma Resection

The relationship between perioperative clinical course variables and postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients undergoing primary intracranial meningioma resection has not been fully elucidated. We therefore aimed to identify the perioperative clinical course variables that predict postoperative LOS in such patients. We retrospectively collected data concerning demographics, tumor characteristics, and perioperative clinical course variables in 76 patients who underwent primary intracranial meningioma resection between January 2010 and December 2019, and tested for associations with postoperative LOS. Univariate analyses showed that younger age, fewer days to postoperative initiation of standing/walking, preoperative independence in activities of daily living (ADL), and ADL independence one week after surgery were associated with shorter postoperative LOS. Multiple regression analyses with these factors identified that days to stand/walk initiation and ADL independence one week after surgery were associated with postoperative LOS. Based on these results, we conclude that rehabilitation programs that promote early mobilization and the early acquisition of independence may reduce postoperative LOS in patients who undergo primary intracranial meningioma resection

LINE-1 hypomethylation in gastric cancer, detected by bisulfite pyrosequencing, is associated with poor prognosis

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation plays an important role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. DNA methylation in the long interspersed nucleotide element-1, L1 (LINE-1) repetitive element is a good indicator of the global DNA methylation level. In some types of human neoplasms, LINE-1 methylation level is attracting interest as a predictive marker for patient prognosis. However, the prognostic significance of LINE-1 hypomethylation in gastric cancer remains unclear. METHODS: Using 203 resected gastric cancer specimens, we quantified LINE-1 methylation using bisulfite-pyrosequencing technology. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR), adjusted for the clinical and pathological variables. RESULTS: Gastric cancers showed significantly lower LINE-1 methylation levels compared to matched normal gastric mucosa (p < 0.0001; n = 74). Tumoral LINE-1 methylation range was 11.6–97.5 on a 0–100 scale (n = 203; mean 71.4, median 74.4, standard deviation 12.9). LINE-1 hypomethylation was significantly associated with shorter overall survival [log-rank p = 0.029; univariate HR 2.01, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.09–3.99, p = 0.023; stage-matched HR 1.88, 95 % CI 1.02–3.74, p = 0.041; multivariate HR 1.98, 95 % CI 1.04–4.04, p = 0.036]. No significant effect modification was observed by any of the covariates in survival analysis (all p interaction >0.25). CONCLUSIONS: LINE-1 hypomethylation in gastric cancer is associated with shorter survival, suggesting that it has potential for use as a prognostic biomarker