Effect of Physical Activity on Plasma PCSK9 in Subjects With High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

BackgroundProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a liver serine protease regulating LDL cholesterol metabolism. PCSK9 binds to LDL receptors and guides them to lysosomes for degradation, thus increasing the amount of circulating LDL cholesterol. The aim of the study was to investigate associations between physical activity and plasma PCSK9 in subjects with high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsSixty-eight subjects from both genders with a high risk for T2D were included to a randomized controlled trial with a 3-month physical activity intervention. Physical activity intensities and frequencies were monitored throughout the intervention using a hip worn portable accelerometer. The plasma was collected before and after intervention for analysis of PCSK9 and cardiovascular biomarkers.ResultsPlasma PCSK9 did not relate to physical activity although number of steps were 46% higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.029). Total cholesterol was positively correlated with plasma PCSK9 (R = 0.320, p = 0.008), while maximal oxygen uptake was negatively associated (R = -0.252, p = 0.044). After the physical activity intervention PCSK9 levels were even stronger inversely associated with maximal oxygen uptake (R = -0.410, p = 0.0008) and positively correlated with HDL cholesterol (R = 0.264, p = 0.030). Interestingly, plasma PCSK9 levels were higher in the beginning than at the end of the study.ConclusionThe low physical activity that our subjects with high risk for T2D could perform did not influence plasma PCSK9 levels. Intervention with higher physical activities might be more effective in influencing PCSK9 levels

Liikuntamotivaatioon vaikuttavat tekijät eri-ikäisten naisvoimistelijoiden kuvaamina

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata vapaa-ajalla voimistelua harrastavien naisten liikuntamotivaatioon vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Kyselyaineisto kerättiin Oulun voimisteluseuran naisvoimistelijoilta (n=76) kahdeksassa ryhmässä vuonna 2007. Vastausprosentti oli 84. Määrällinen aineisto analysoitiin eksploratiivisella faktorianalyysilla. Avointen vastausten tuottama laadullinen aineisto analysoitiin aineistolähtöisellä sisällönanalyysilla. Voimakkaimmat liikuntamotivaatiotekijät naisvoimistelijoilla kuvastuivat liikuntakokemuksista, kunnon ja terveyden ylläpitämisestä ja parantamisesta sekä liikunnan myönteisestä vaikutuksesta mielialaan ja elämänlaatuun. Liikunnassa kehittyminen ja toisilta ihmisiltä saatu tuki motivoi naisvoimistelijoita liikkumaan. Liikuntakokemukset vahvistivat myönteistä käsitystä itsestä liikkujana. Liikuntamotivaatio muodostui tutkimustulosten mukaan yksilöllisestä liikunnallisesta pääomasta, joka puolestaan rakentui neljästä osa-alueesta: liikunta-aktiivisuus, liikunta tottumuksena ja elämäntapana, liikunnan kokeminen voimavarana sekä elämäntilanteen kokemisena liikkumiselle suotuisana. Riittämättömästi liikkuvien aikuisten ohjauksessa liikuntamotivaatiota vahvistavia tekijöitä voidaan vahvistaa yksilöllisen liikunnallisen pääoman kautta

Health-related quality of life and physical well-being among a 63-year-old cohort of women with androgenetic alopecia; a Finnish population-based study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the possible associations between female androgenetic alopecia (AGA), insulin resistance and health-related quality of life (HRQOL)-linked factors in women. We hypothesized that not only the mental aspects but also certain physical aspect of women's health, such as insulin resistance, have an important role in the determination of HRQOL among women with hair loss. METHODS: A population-based cohort of 330 healthy women aged 63 years, who participated in this study in the City of Oulu in Northern Finland, underwent a medical check-up including assessment of hair status on Ludwig's scale. Background data were collected with a standard questionnaire including a validated RAND 36-Item Health Survey (RAND-36) questionnaire. RESULTS: 105 (31%) women with AGA and 225 (69%) controls completed the RAND-36 questionnaire. The women with AGA were more insulin-resistant than the women with normal hair (QUICKI 0.337 vs. 0.346, p = 0.012). Impaired glucose regulation (IGR) was more prevalent among the former than the latter group (39% vs. 25%). The mean RAND-36 scores were significantly lower on the dimensions of physical functioning, role limitation due to physical health and general health, but not on the mental or social dimensions, among the women with AGA compared with the controls. In multivariate logistic regression analyses with the lowest quintiles of the HRQOL dimensions as the dependent variables and AGA, depression, marital status, education and IGR or QUICKI as independent variables, AGA was independently associated with role limitations due to physical health (2.2, 95% CI 1.20–4.05, 2.45 95% CI 1.32–4.55, respectively). CONCLUSION: In women aged 63 years, AGA was associated with role limitations due to physical health. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of IGR and insulin resistance measured by QUICKI were higher among the women with hair loss than those with normal hair

Vanhuksen gerastenia - tunnista riskipotilas

•Gerastenia on useiden elinjärjestelmien toiminnan heikentymisestä ja reservien hiipumisesta aiheutuva oireyhtymä, joka nivoutuu osin päällekkäin monisairastavuuden ja toimintakyvyn laskun kanssa. •Pienikin stressitekijä, kuten infektio tai uusi lääke, voi romahduttaa haurastuneen elimistön tasapainon ja johtaa toimintakyvyn laskuun, deliriumiin, kaatumisiin, sairaalahoitoon ja itsenäisyyden menetykseen. •Gerastenia voidaan määritellä usealla eri tavalla, joista tunnetuimmat ovat fenotyyppimalli ja toiminnan vajeista sekä sairauksista laskettuun Frailty-indeksiin perustuva malli. •Gerastenian varhainen tunnistaminen sekä kokonaisvaltainen geriatrinen arviointi ja yksilöllinen hoito¬suunnitelma auttavat estämään toimintakyvyn laskua entisestään.Peer reviewe

Factors associated with parental recognition of a child's overweight status - a cross sectional study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Very few studies have evaluated the association between a child's lifestyle factors and their parent's ability to recognise the overweight status of their offspring. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with a parent's ability to recognise their own offspring's overweight status.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>125 overweight children out of all 1,278 school beginners in Northern Finland were enrolled.</p> <p>Weight and height were measured in health care clinics. Overweight status was defined by BMI according to internationally accepted criteria. A questionnaire to be filled in by parents was delivered by the school nurses. The parents were asked to evaluate their offspring's weight status. The child's eating habits and physical activity patterns were also enquired about. Factor groups of food and physical activity habits were formed by factor analysis. Binary logistic regression was performed using all variables associated with recognition of overweight status in univariate analyses. The significant risk factors in the final model are reported using odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Fifty-seven percent (69/120) of the parents of the overweight children considered their child as normal weight. Child's BMI was positively associated with parental recognition of overweight (OR 3.59, CI 1.8 to 7.0). Overweight boys were less likely to be recognised than overweight girls (OR 0.14, CI 0.033 to 0.58). Child's healthy diet (OR 0.22, CI 0.091 to 0.54) and high physical activity (OR 0.29, CI 0.11 to 0.79) were inversely related to parental recognition of overweight status.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Child's healthy eating habits and physical activity are inversely related to parental recognition of their offspring's overweight. These should be taken into account when planning prevention and treatment strategies for childhood obesity.</p

A Natural History of Erectile Dysfunction in Elderly Men: A Population-Based, Twelve-Year Prospective Study

There is a wide variation in the development and course of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men, which confirms the need for prospective studies. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among the general male population at the baseline (n = 359) and in a follow-up survey (n = 218) 12 years later. The prospective 12-year study included 189 men. ED was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 62.0 years at the baseline, while at the 12-year follow-up it was 71.6 years. The crude prevalence of ED was 61.6% at the baseline and 78.9% at the follow-up, and the prevalence tended to increase with age. All of the men aged 75 years or more had at least mild ED. The incidence of ED in every thousand person years was 53.5. A total of 54.5% of the men experienced ED progression, while 39.2% reported no changes in erectile function, and 6.3% experienced ED regression during the 12-year study. The likelihood of ED progression was higher in the older compared with younger age group (odds ratio, OR 5.2 (95% CI: 1.1–26.2)), and the likelihood of ED regression was lower among men with increased depression symptoms (OR 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1–0.6)) and among men with a decreased interest in their sexual life (OR 0.1 (95% CI: 0.0–0.6)). Lifestyle factors such as the consumption of alcohol and smoking were not significantly associated with ED

Mitä suomalainen tyypin 2 diabeteksen ehkäisytutkimus DPS on opettanut?

Vertaisarvioitu.Suomalainen diabeteksen ehkäisytutkimus (Diabetes Prevention Study, DPS) loi näyttöön pohjautuvan perustan tyypin 2 diabeteksen ehkäisylle elintapaohjauksella Suomessa ja maailmanlaajuisesti. DPS-tutkimuksen tehostettu elintapaohjaus, jonka tavoitteena olivat suositusten mukainen ruokavalio, fyysinen aktiivisuus ja painon väheneminen, vaikutti suotuisasti diabetekseen liittyviin aineenvaihduntahäiriöihin ja pienensi diabeteksen ilmaantuvuutta 58 % henkilöillä, joiden glukoosinsieto oli lähtötilanteessa heikentynyt. Elintapaohjaus tehosi myös perinnöllisen diabetesalttiuden yhteydessä. Jatkoseurannassa elintapaohjauksen vaikutus diabeteksen ilmaantuvuuteen säilyi ainakin 13 vuoden ajan, vaikka elintapaohjaus lopetettiin keskimäärin neljän vuoden jälkeen. DPS-tutkimuksen aineistoa on tähän mennessä analysoitu ja raportoitu sekä sen tuloksia hyödynnetty monipuolisesti, ja osallistujien seuranta jatkuu rekisteritutkimuksena. Näin saamme tietoa myös diabeteksen lisäsairauksien kehittymisestä.Peer reviewe