An orthorhombic polymorph of N1,N4-diphenyl-3,6-bis(phenylimino)cyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,4-diamine

A new orthorhombic polymorph of the title compound, C30H24N4, with a density of 1.315 Mg m−3, has been obtained. The molecule is centrosymmetric with the centroid of the cyclohexa-1,4-diene ring located on an inversion center. The two unique benzene rings are almost perpendicular to each other [dihedral angle = 86.70 (6)°] and are oriented at dihedral angles of 30.79 (5) and 68.07 (5)° with respect to the central cyclohexadiene ring. In the crystal, π–π stacking is observed between the central cyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,4-diamine unit and a phenyl ring of a neighboring molecule [centroid–centroid distance = 3.7043 (7) Å]. The crystal structure of the triclinic polymorph [Ohno et al. (2014). Acta Cryst. E70, o303–o304] showed chains running along the b-axis direction through weak C—H...π interactions

Crystal structure of 4,4′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyridine

In the title compound, C12H12N2O2, the dihedral angle between the planes of the two pyridine rings is 5.8 (1)°. Neighbouring molecules are linked via C(Me)—H...N interactions, generating a two-dimensional sheet structure; C—H...π interactions further link the molecules into a three-dimensional network. An overlapped arrangement of parallel pyridine rings in neighbouring molecules [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.6655 (15) Å] is observed in the crystal structure

2-{[2,2-Bis(diethylamino)ethan-2-yliumthioyl]sulfanyl}-1,1-bis(diethylamino)ethylium bis(perchlorate)

The title salt, C20H42N4S22+·2ClO4−, was obtained from the reaction of bis(diethylamino)carbeniumdithiocarboxylate, (Et2N)2C2S2, with Fe(ClO4)2·6H2O in CH2Cl2. The title compound, in which one of the S atoms of (Et2N)2C2S2 is bound to a 1,1-bis(diethylamino)ethane moiety, has two carbenium C atoms, and the charge compensation is provided by two perchlorate anions. The N2C—CS2 bond length is 1.512 (4) Å, corresponding to a C—C single bond, and the dihedral angle between N2C– and –CS2 planes [72.0 (2)°] is smaller than that of (Et2N)2C2S2 [82.0 (1)°]. The crystal structure features C—H...S hydrogen bonds

Restoration of Genetic Resources from Ehime Native Chicken via Transferred Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs)

This experiment was designed to produce chimeric chicken by transferring primordial germ cells (PGCs) of Ehime native chicken embryos to White Leghorn ones. Fertilized eggs produced by both chicken breeds were incubated until stage 12-15 of embryonic development. The donor PGCs were taken out from blood vessel of Ehime native chicken embryos and injected into blood vessel of White Leghorn ones at the same stage. After the injection, the recipient eggs were incubated until hatching. Finally, three hatchlings including one male and two females were obtained. The birds survived to sexual maturity were used for progeny test to check chimerism. Of 29 offspring obtained by progeny test, 15 chicks showed feather color which was considered to be derived from Ehime native chicken. The present results suggest that the production of chimeric chicken by means of the transfer of PGCs may be able to restore genetic resources from endangered domestic chicken or some of the wild birds

Syn and anti conformers of diammonium aquabis(malonato)oxidovanadate(IV) in an anhydrate crystal

The asymmetric unit of the title anhydrate compound, (NH4)2[VO(C3H2O4)2(H2O)], consists of two independent complex anions and four ammonium cations. In the complex anions, the VIV atoms are each coordinated by two malonate ligands, one water molecule and one oxide O atom in a distorted octahedral geometry. The equatorial plane is formed by the malonate O atoms, while the axial positions are occupied by water and oxide O atoms. The difference between the two independent complexes is the relative conformation of the malonate ligands. The two ligands in one complex anion are in a syn conformation, while in the other they adopt an anti conformation. In the crystal, the complex anions interact with the counter-cations and adjacent anions through O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds. Stacks of alternating layers consisting of either anti or syn isomers, formed with the aid of the hydrogen bonding, are observed. DFT calculations for the anti and syn isomers show a similar thermodynamic stability to each other. The crystal used for this analysis was an inversion twin with the ratio of the twin components being 0.270 (13):0.730 (13)

N1,N4-Diphenyl-3,6-bis(phenylimino)cyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,4-diamine

In the title compound, C30H24N4, the central benzoquinonediimine moiety is approximately planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.044 (14) Å. The four terminal phenyl rings are twisted by 44.95 (11), 54.90 (10), 44.98 (10) and 50.68 (11)° with respect to the mean plane the benzoquinonediimine unit. In the crystal, molecules are linked by weak C—H...π interactions into supramolecular chains running along the b-axis direction

Genetic Characteristics and Clonal Dissemination of β-Lactamase-Negative Ampicillin-Resistant Haemophilus influenzae Strains Isolated from the Upper Respiratory Tract of Patients in Japan▿

We evaluated the recent prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Haemophilus influenzae isolated from the upper respiratory tracts (URT) of patients in Japan. Mutations in the ftsI gene, which encodes penicillin binding protein 3 (PBP3), and the clonal dissemination of the resistant strains were also investigated. A total of 264 H. influenzae isolates were collected from patients with URT infections. According to the criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute for the susceptibility of H. influenzae to ampicillin (AMP), the isolates were distributed as follows: 161 (61.0%) susceptible strains (MIC ≤ 1 μg/ml), 37 (14.0%) intermediately resistant strains (MIC = 2 μg/ml), and 66 (25.0%) resistant strains (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml). According to PCR-based genotyping, 172 (65.1%) of the isolates had mutations in the ftsI gene and were negative for the β-lactamase (bla) gene. These 172 isolates were thus defined as genetically β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (gBLNAR) strains. The ftsI mutant group included 98 (37.1%) strains with group I/II mutations in the variable mutated region (group I/II gBLNAR) and 74 (28.0%) strains with group III mutations in the highly mutated region (group III gBLNAR). Eighty-seven (33.0%) of the isolates were genetically β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-susceptible (gBLNAS) strains. The group III gBLNAR strains showed resistance to β-lactams. Only five strains (1.9%) were positive for a bla gene encoding TEM-type β-lactamase. The three clusters consisting of 16 strains found among the 61 BLNAR strains (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml and without the bla gene) showed identical or closely related DNA restriction fragment patterns. Those isolates were frequently identified among strains with a MIC to AMP of 16 μg/ml. The current study demonstrates the apparent dissemination and spread of a resistant clone of H. influenzae among medical centers in Japan. The gBLNAR strains show a remarkable prevalence among H. influenzae isolates, with the prevalence increasing with time. This fact should be taken into account when treating URT infections