1,949 research outputs found
A Schwinger term in q-deformed su(2) algebra
An extra term generally appears in the q-deformed algebra for the
deformation parameter , if one combines the
Biedenharn-Macfarlane construction of q-deformed , which is a
generalization of Schwinger's construction of conventional , with the
representation of the q-deformed oscillator algebra which is manifestly free of
negative norm. This extra term introduced by the requirement of positive norm
is analogous to the Schwinger term in current algebra. Implications of this
extra term on the Bloch electron problem analyzed by Wiegmann and Zabrodin are
briefly discussed.Comment: 9 pages. A couple of clarifying comments have been added. This
modified version has been published in Mod. Phys. Lett.
Holographic (De)confinement Transitions in Cosmological Backgrounds
For type IIB supergravity with a running axio-dilaton, we construct bulk
solutions which admit a cosmological background metric of
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker type. These solutions include both a dark radiation
term in the bulk as well as a four-dimensional (boundary) cosmological
constant, while gravity at the boundary remains non-dynamical. We
holographically calculate the stress-energy tensor, showing that it consists of
two contributions: The first one, generated by the dark radiation term, leads
to the thermal fluid of N = 4 SYM theory, while the second, the conformal
anomaly, originates from the boundary cosmological constant. Conservation of
the boundary stress tensor implies that the boundary cosmological constant is
time-independent, such that there is no exchange between the two stress-tensor
contributions. We then study (de)confinement by evaluating the Wilson loop in
these backgrounds. While the dark radiation term favours deconfinement, a
negative cosmological constant drives the system into a confined phase. When
both contributions are present, we find an oscillating universe with negative
cosmological constant which undergoes periodic (de)confinement transitions as
the scale of three space expands and re-contracts.Comment: 31 pages, 5 figures, v2: Reference adde
Discovery of a bright transient ultraluminous X-ray source Suzaku J1305-4931 in NGC 4945
This paper reports the discovery of a bright X-ray transient source, Suzaku
J1305-4913, in the south-west arm of the nearby Seyfert II galaxy NGC 4945. It
was detected at a 0.5 -- 10 keV flux of erg cm
s during the Suzaku observation conducted on 2006 January 15 -- 17, but
was undetectable in a shorter observation on 2005 August 22 --23, with an upper
limit of erg cm s (90% confidence level).
At a distance of 3.7 Mpc, the bolometric luminosity of the source becomes
erg s, where and is the disk inclination. Therefore, the source is
classified into so-called ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). The time-averaged
X-ray spectrum of the source is described by a multi-color disk model, with the
innermost accretion disk temperature of
keV. During the 2006 January observation, it varied by a factor of 2 in
intensity, following a clear correlation of .
It is inferred that the innermost disk radius stayed constant at
km, suggesting the presence of a
standard accretion disk. Relating with the last stable orbit
around a non-rotating black hole yields a rather low black hole mass, solar masses, which would imply that the source is shining at a
luminosity of times the Eddington limit. These results
can be better interpreted by invoking sub-Eddington emission from a rapidly
spinning black hole with a mass of 20 -- 130 solar masses.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for PASJ 2nd Suzaku special issu
Meson mass and confinement force driven by dilaton
Meson spectra given as fluctuations of a D7 brane are studied under the
background driven by the dilaton. This leads to a dual gauge theory with quark
confinement due to the gauge condensate. We find that the effect of the gauge
condensate on the meson spectrum is essential in order to make a realistic
hadron spectrum in the non-supersymmetric case. In the supersymmetric case,
however, only the spectra of the scalars are affected, but they are changed in
an opposite way compared to the non-supersymmetric case.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
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