Increase of DC-LAMP+ mature dendritic cell subsets in dermatopathic lymphadenitis of mycosis fungoides

Background: Little is known about the immunological milieu of the skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs) in mycosis fungoides (MF). Objectives: We studied dendritic cell (DC) subsets in the dermatopathic lymphadenitis of MF patients. Methods: We immunohistochemically examined DC subsets and their distribution in 16 LN samples from 14 patients with MF (N1 LN, eight patients; N2, four; and N3, four), and we compared them with non-metastatic sentinel LNs from eight patients with melanoma. Results: The number of S-100 protein+ DCs was markedly increased in the LNs from the MF patients and the major component was DC-LAMP+ mature DCs in the outer and paracortex areas, where DC-SIGN+ immature DCs were relatively decreased in proportion. In contrast, DC-SIGN+ cells were relatively increased in proportion compared to DC-LAMP+ cells in the medulla. Although no significant difference was observed in the proportions of CD1a+ or Langerin+ DCs among the N1, N2, and N3 nodes, CD163+ M2-type macrophages were increased in number in the N2 and N3 nodes. Conclusions: Our observations indicate that mature DCs accumulate in the outer and paracortex areas in dermatopathic lymphadenitis and M2-type macrophages might increase in number during disease progression

高齢がん患者の在宅移行期の文献レビュー

The purpose of this study was to characterize periods of hospital-to-home care transition for elderly cancer patients by extracting definitions of such periods and their characteristics as situations from the literature, and to discuss effective nursing support toward hospital-to-home care transition. Relevant research papers published within the period between ２０１０ and ２０２０ were searched for using Ichushi Web and PubMed. Descriptions related to periods of transition, characteristics of situations, and hindering／promoting factors were extracted without any changes and categorized based on descriptive content similarities. In these papers, a period of hospital-to-home care transition was described as １ week to １ year after discharge. As a situation, it was characterized as “a time when the patient rebuilds his／her life”, and therefore, “a time of instability”. Factors hindering and promoting hospital-to-home care transition were represented by６categories, which suggested the following commonalities between them : ［ physical management］,［patients’／families’ intentions］,［home care systems］,［other family members’ commitments to home care］, ［collaboration systems］, and［nurses’ home care experience］

Degradation of tributyltin by marine microorganisms in sediment collected from Tokyo Bay

The extracellular production of a thermolysin inhibitor by 534 wild-type strains isolated from marine sediments and related-type strains was examined. The inhibition of thermolysin activity by strain T-177 was observed on a casein agar medium. According to our detailed taxonomic study, strain T-177 is related to Brevibacillus laterosporus. Further screening for a thermolysin inhibitor was performed using strain T-177 and nine other taxonomically related Brevibacillus type strains, and the ability to produce the inhibitor was observed in five strains. Among these strains, B. reuszeri IFO 15719T exhibited the highest thermolysin inhibitory activity in broth media, and thus was used for the purification and characterization of the inhibitor. Chromatographic analyses suggested that this substance is a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 60 kDa

Analysis of the Anticipatory Behavior Formation Mechanism Induced by Methamphetamine Using a Single Hair

While the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) coordinates many daily rhythms, some circadian patterns of expression are controlled by SCN-independent systems. These include responses to daily methamphetamine (MAP) injections. Scheduled daily injections of MAP resulted in anticipatory activity, with an increase in locomotor activity immediately prior to the time of injection. The MAP-induced anticipatory behavior is associated with the induction and a phase advance in the expression rhythm of the clock gene Period1 (Per1). However, this unique formation mechanism of MAP-induced anticipatory behavior is not well understood. We recently developed a micro-photomultiplier tube (micro-PMT) system to detect a small amount of Per1 expression. In the present study, we used this system to measure the formation kinetics of MAP-induced anticipatory activity in a single whisker hair to reveal the underlying mechanism. Our results suggest that whisker hairs respond to daily MAP administration, and that Per1 expression is affected. We also found that elevated Per1 expression in a single whisker hair is associated with the occurrence of anticipatory behavior rhythm. The present results suggest that elevated Per1 expression in hairs might be a marker of anticipatory behavior formation