Factors influencing the efficacy of DeVega's annuloplasty for secondary tricuspid regurgitation.

DeVega's annuloplasty was performed on 41 patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR) associated with combined valvular disease and results were assessed based on Doppler echocardiographic findings in an attempt to examine the applicability of this surgical technique. TR was quantitatively evaluated via Doppler echocardiography before and after surgery. Clinical symptoms, cardiac function, and surgical results were assessed, and the severity of left ventricular myocardial degeneration was determined using electron microscopy. There were no differences in the following factors between the TR recurrence and TR improvement groups: previous heart surgery, number of involved valves, presence or absence of a giant left atrium, preoperative New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, and type of prosthetic valve (Bjork-Shiley vs. St. Jude Medical). We found no differences between these two groups in TR severity and tricuspid annulus diameter measured during surgery. Severity of myocardial degeneration was closely associated with the recurrence of TR. Clinically, most had diminished cardiac function before surgery. DeVega's technique appears to be remarkably effective in patients with well-preserved myocardium because no TR recurrence was detected even in examinations with the most accurate Doppler echocardiography. However, such long-term effectiveness of DeVega's technique cannot be expected in patients with degenerated myocardium.</p

DCP Production Mechanism in HCC

Background and Aim: Although des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is a well-known tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the mechanism of DCP production is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism how DCP is produced in HCC cells. Methods: Levels of mRNA and DCP were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay respectively. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) expression vectors including deletion mutants of the prothrombin gene promoter were constructed for reporter gene assay. The transcription factors bound to DNA fragments were analyzed by mass spectrometry. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed using a biotin end-labeled DNA. Results: The prothrombin mRNA levels in all 5 DCP producing cell lines were appreciably high. However, those in 2 DCP non-producing cell lines were below detectable levels. A SEAP vector with -2985 to +27 showed a very high transcription activity in DCP-producing Huh-1 cells. However, transcription abruptly decreased when the vector with -2955 to +27 was transfected, and then remained at the similar levels with larger deletion mutants, indicating the existence of a cis-element at -2985 to -2955 (31-bp). Mass spectrometry analysis identified the protein that bound to the 31-bp DNA as poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Knockdown of the PARP-1 gene by small interfering RNA in Huh-1 cells induced marked inhibition of prothrombin gene transcription. The EMSA clearly showed that PARP-1 specifically binds to the 31-bp DNA fragment in the prothrombin gene promoter. Conclusions: Our data suggest that PARP-1 activates prothrombin gene transcription and that the excessive prothrombin gene transcription induces DCP production in DCP-producing HCC cells

ハッタツ ダンカイ ニヨル イジメ ノ トクチョウ ト ガッコウ ノ タイオウ

A小学校におけるいじめへの対応例を紹介するとともに、発達段階によって異なるいじめの形態と、いじめ防止や解消のための学校組織としての取り組み方を紹介している。いじめへの対応は、東京都教育委員会でも重要課題であり、各種指導資料が各学校に配布されているが、十分に活用されていない現状がある。As for the bully, the state of being expressed depends on the development stage.It introduces a effort example in the A elementary school to lose a bully. The introduction of the bully comprehensive measures which Tokyo school board showsIt distributes a material from the school board, but it sees a powder and the school which isn\u27t utilized is done. In the teacher education, the specific method of teaching of the countermeasure against the bullying must be told to the student

カキ ケンシュウ ニオケル タイケン カツドウ ニ カンスル トリクミ ガクセイ ノ マナビ ニカンスル ケントウ

近年，学校教育における体験活動の意義が取り上げられ，子どもたちの体験の不足，特に自然体験不足の現状が明らかになっている。2020（平成32）年度実施の学習指導要領においても，体験学習の充実が明記され，自然の中での集団宿泊体験などを重視することが盛り込まれている。白百合女子大学人間総合学部初等教育学科では，教員･保育者の資質向上を目指す上で必要な多様な体験を積むことができるよう， 年生を対象に 泊 日の宿泊研修を毎年実施している。本稿では，夏季研修での活動においての学生の学びを整理し，学生アンケートから「満足感」について分析する。そして，夏季研修で行われる様々な体験活動から学生が何を学び，それが学生自身の「学びに向かう力」の向上，そして教員・保育者の資質向上にどのようにつながるのかを検証した。その結果，それぞれの体験活動の課題が見えてきたほか，学生自身の学びの中に教員・保育者の役割についての視点が意識化され，主体的に取り組む学生自身に満足感があることなどを捉えることができた。The three-day summer training program in Kiyosato is held for three consecutive years in order to provide learning opportunities through diverse experiences to all freshman students of the Department of Child Care and Primary Education, Faculty of Human Studies, Shirayuri University. It is expected that their abilities to teach and care for young children are developed through this program. In this paper, we analyzed the contents of each program activity and conducted questionnaires to determine the level of student satisfaction with the program. We also examined whether specific experiences stimulated student learning and enhanced their motivation to learn more about teaching and caring for children. We found that students participating in the program understood the viewpoints and recommendations of the nursery and primary teachers. They were very satisfied with their experiential learning and felt motivated to continue their studies in teaching and childcare. We also found additional methods to improve this program