Modeling Multi-Objective, Interbasin, Surface Water Development System with Supplementary Use of Reclamation System

This paper centers on the multi-objective, interbasin, surface water development system, whereby, if necessary, the conjunctive use of reclamation system is assumed to be available. The major objectives of the paper include (i) analysis of the quality of industrial waters blended with renovated waters ; (ii) identification of the relation between the blended water demand and its blending ratio and (iii) modeling and analysis of the coordinated attainments of multiple goals involved in the stated system. A case study is conducted at the interbasin system of the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture and some informative results obtained point to the need of this kind of alternative water utilization systems. The major findings of the study include : (1) The reclamation system is required to be implemented on a certain scale to supplement the industrial water supply. (2) In cases where the permitted-levels of the collection goals related to each river basin are set to be relatively higher, the total amounts of water supply that must be covered by the reclamation systems should be allocated to the system of each basin roughly in proportion to the amounts of its industrial water demand. (3) The increased attainments of the amounts of collection, and in consequence, the increased attainments of the improvement in the blended water quality are achievable only at the sacrifice of economic efficiency. (4) The attainments of the goals are seen to be well-balanced and not biased to any of them, chiefly owing to the L-type utility function underlying the model

Posterior maxillary alveolar vertical distraction osteogenesis by bi-directional distractor

AbstractA patient with severe posterior maxillary hypoplasia was simulated using a 3-dimensional model by rapid prototyping, and segmental vertical distraction osteogenesis was planned to advance the posterior maxillary segment. The bi-directional distractor was adapted to the alveolar ridge and zygomatic buttress. After a 7-day latency period, we started distraction at a rate of 0.35mm every 12h. 12mm of advancement of the posterior maxillary segment was achieved. This distraction osteogenesis using a bi-directional distractor with proper therapeutic planning and good surgical technique will help ensure adequate vector control to predictably regenerate the hard and soft tissues during alveolar distraction

Improvement of resistance against hydrogen embrittlement by increasing carbon segregationat prior austenite grain boundary in low-carbon martensitic steels

Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstrac

Penetration of the Optic Nerve or Chiasm by Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: Three Case Reports

Although large and giant aneurysms can induce visual disturbance by compression of the anterior visual pathway, splitting and penetration of the optic apparatus are extremely rare. The authors describe three patients who underwent clipping surgery for anterior communicating artery aneurysm infiltrating into the optic nerve or chiasm. These findings were suspected on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed at surgery. Two aneurysms were ruptured and one unruptured. The authors review the literature and discuss the mechanism of cranial nerve penetration by an aneurysm.ArticleNEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY. 35(3):128-132 (2011)journal articl

Spontaneous Bilateral Pneumothorax in a Patient with Anorexia Nervosa: The Management of Prolonged Postoperative Air Leakage

A 24-year-old Japanese female with anorexia nervosa presented to our hospital for bilateral pneumothorax, and 12-Fr thoracostomy catheters were inserted into the bilateral pleural cavities. On hospital day 9, a thoracoscopic bullectomy was performed. However, air leakage relapsed on both sides on postoperative day 1. The air leakage on the right side was particularly persistent, and we switched the drainage to a Heimlich valve. Both lungs expanded gradually and the chest tube was removed on postoperative day 19. Passive pleural drainage might be an option for prolonged air leakage after a bullectomy in patients with anorexia nervosa

Improvement of resistance against hydrogen embrittlement by controlling carbon segregation at prior austenite grain boundary in 3Mn-0.2C martensitic steels

This study challenged to improve the resistance against hydrogen embrittlement by increasing the concentration of carbon segregated at prior austenite grain boundary (PAGB), XPAGB, in low-carbon martensitic steels. The specimens with/without carbon segregation treatment (Non-seg and Seg specimens, respectively) had almost the same microstructure, other than higher XPAGB in the Seg specimen. While the uncharged Non-seg and Seg specimens exhibited similar mechanical properties, the maximum stress of the hydrogen-charged specimen was much higher in the Seg specimen than that in the Non-seg specimen even when diffusible hydrogen contents were almost the same. In addition, the fraction of intergranular fracture surface was much smaller in the Seg specimen. Based on these results, we conclude that the segregated carbon suppressed the accumulation of hydrogen around PAGB by site competition and increased cohesive energy of PAGB, leading to the significantly improved resistance against hydrogen-related intergranular fracture

How Researcher-Teacher Collaborative Lesson Development is Formed : Focusing on an Initiative Concerning Geography-Related Subjects in Junior High School Social Studies

The purpose of this paper focuses on the forming condition and its effect of collaborative lesson design between a teacher and two researchers, through Self-Study Methodology. As a result, we clarified main two things as following. The first thing is the differences between the roles of each person in collaborative relationship. In case of the teacher, the role was the make a decision based on feasibility of lesson. In case of the researcher A, the role was to guide the teacher to a certain direction. In case of the researcher B, the roles were to suggest more directions to the teacher than the researcher A, and to regulate among the three including oneself. The second thing is the forming condition of collaboration between research and teacher. We had reflected the teacher`s lessons more than five times. By doing that, we could understand each other`s educational view and bridge the gap of their views about lesson design. This implies that keeping reflection is helpful for better collaborative relationship. Each person recognized different effect from the collaboration. The teacher got a new perspective about lesson design. The researcher A reflected about collaboration process with the teacher. Finally, the researcher B renewed the concept about the desirable relationship between researcher and teacher