269 research outputs found
Inverse-Optimization-Based Uncertainty Set for Robust Linear Optimization
We consider solving linear optimization (LO) problems with uncertain
objective coefficients. For such problems, we often employ robust optimization
(RO) approaches by introducing an uncertainty set for the unknown coefficients.
Typical RO approaches require observations or prior knowledge of the unknown
coefficient to define an appropriate uncertainty set. However, such information
may not always be available in practice. In this study, we propose a novel
uncertainty set for robust linear optimization (RLO) problems without prior
knowledge of the unknown coefficients. Instead, we assume to have data of known
constraint parameters and corresponding optimal solutions. Specifically, we
derive an explicit form of the uncertainty set as a polytope by applying
techniques of inverse optimization (IO). We prove that the RLO problem with the
proposed uncertainty set can be equivalently reformulated as an LO problem.
Numerical experiments show that the RO approach with the proposed uncertainty
set outperforms classical IO in terms of performance stability.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, To appear in Proceedings of International
Conference on Operations Research 202
A Non-Humanoid Robot in the āUncanny Valleyā: Experimental Analysis of the Reaction to Behavioral Contingency in 2ā3 Year Old Children
Infants' sensitivity to social or behavioral contingency has been examined in the field of developmental psychology and behavioral sciences, mainly using a double video paradigm or a still face paradigm. These studies have shown that infants distinguish other individuals' contingent behaviors from non-contingent ones. The present experiment systematically examined if this ability extends to the detection of non-humanoids' contingent actions in a communicative context. We examined two- to three-year-olds' understanding of contingent actions produced by a non-humanoid robot. The robot either responded contingently to the actions of the participants (contingent condition) or programmatically reproduced the same sequence of actions to another participant (non-contingent condition). The results revealed that the participants exhibited different patterns of response depending on whether or not the robot responded contingently. It was also found that the participants did not respond positively to the contingent actions of the robot in the earlier periods of the experimental sessions. This might reflect the conflict between the non-humanlike appearance of the robot and its humanlike contingent actions, which presumably led the children to experience the uncanny valley effect
Young Age, Female Sex, and No Comorbidities Are Risk Factors for Adverse Reactions after the Third Dose of BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: A Prospective Cohort Study in Japan
Background: This study compared the adverse events (AEs) of the second and third doses of BNT162b2, as well as investigated the impact of vaccine recipientsā background and vaccination interval on the AEs of the third dose. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey of AEs among health care workers at Osaka University Dental Hospital. Chi-square tests were performed to compare AEs to the administration of second and third vaccine doses. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the presence of AEs using age, sex, comorbidities, and the vaccination interval. Spearmanās rank correlation coefficient was calculated to investigate the correlation between age, vaccination interval, and severity of each AE. Results: The third dose of BNT162b2 was associated with significantly more frequent or milder AEs than the second dose. Logistic regression analyses detected significant differences in six items of AEs by age, three by sex, two by comorbidities, and zero by vaccination interval. Consistently, the risk of AEs was greater among younger persons, females, and those without comorbidities. Significant negative correlations were detected between age and vaccination interval, and between age and the severity of most AEs. Conclusions: Young, female, and having no comorbidities are risk factors for AEs after the third dose of BNT162b2, while vaccination interval is not.Urakawa R., Isomura E.T., Matsunaga K., et al. Young Age, Female Sex, and No Comorbidities Are Risk Factors for Adverse Reactions after the Third Dose of BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: A Prospective Cohort Study in Japan. Vaccines, 10, 8, 1357. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081357
A New -Threshold Secret Sharing Scheme and Its Extension
In Shamir\u27s -threshold secret sharing scheme (threshold scheme), a heavy computational cost is required to make shares and recover the secret. As a solution to this problem, several fast threshold schemes have been proposed. This paper proposes a new (k,n)kk(k,L,n)$-threshold {\it ramp} scheme similar to the existing {\it ramp} scheme based on Shamir\u27s scheme
Use of imaging plates at near saturation for high energy density particles
Copyright 2008 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Review of Scientific Instruments, 79(10), 10E910, 2008 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.298767
Tamyb10-D1 restores red grain color and increases grain dormancy via suppressing expression of TaLTP2.128, non-specific lipid transfer protein in wheat
Grain dormancy of wheat is closely associated with grain color: red-grained lines show higher dormancy than white-grained lines. The production of red pigments is regulated by R-1, Tamyb10 gene. However, the relation between grain color and dormancy remains unknown. For this study, we generated transgenic lines which were introduced a DNA fragment containing Tamyb10-D1 gene and its a 2 kb promoter including the 5ā² untranslated region into white-grained wheat. Transgenic lines showed red-grained and higher dormant traits. Contents of plant hormones and gene expression of embryos at 30 days after pollination were examined in a wild type and a transgenic line. No differences were observed in the contents of plant hormones, but several genes are differentially expressed between these lines. One differentially expressed gene, TaLTP2.128, is a member of non-specific lipid transfer proteins. It was expressed higher in white grains than in red grains. A putative amino acid sequence showed similarity to that of OsHyPRP5, which is identified as QTL controlling low-temperature germinability in rice. Expression of TaLTP2.128 was increased by grain imbibition. The increasing levels were higher not only in other white-grained lines, but also in non-dormant red-grained lines. TaLTP2.128 was expressed at a quite early stage of germination. These study findings indicate that Tamyb10 regulates dormancy release by the modification of TaLTP2.128 acting as trigger of germination
Magnified Endoscopic Features of Duodenal Follicular Lymphoma and Other Whitish Lesions
The sensitivity and specificity of magnified endoscopic features for differentiating follicular lymphoma from other diseases with duodenal whitish lesions have never been investigated. Here we compared the magnified endoscopic features of duodenal follicular lymphoma with those of other whitish lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of patients with follicular lymphoma (nļ¼9), lymphangiectasia (nļ¼7), adenoma (nļ¼10), duodenitis (nļ¼4), erosion (nļ¼1), lymphangioma (nļ¼1), and hyperplastic polyp (nļ¼1). The magnified features of the nine follicular lymphomas included enlarged villi (nļ¼8), dilated microvessels (nļ¼5), and opaque white spots of various sizes (nļ¼9). The lymphangiectasias showed enlarged villi, dilated microvessels, and white spots, but the sizes of the white spots were relatively homogeneous and their margin was clear. Observation of the adenoma and duodenitis revealed only whitish villi. Although the lymphangioma was indistinguishable from the follicular lymphomas by magnified features, it was easily diagnosed based on the macroscopic morphology. In conclusion, magnified endoscopic features, in combination with macroscopic features, are useful for differentiating follicular lymphomas from other duodenal diseases presenting whitish lesions
Ectopic sebaceous glands in the esophagus that became evident over a three-year span
A 43-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with ectopic sebaceous glands in the esophagus by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and biopsy. At the age of 46, typical ectopic sebaceous glands were recognized in the upper esophagus, whereas yellowish white granules were faintly observed in the lower esophagus. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy examinations were repeated when she was 47 and again at 50 years old, and the lesions in the lower esophagus had become more evident over the ensuing 3 years. Esophageal ectopic sebaceous glands are relatively infrequent, and there have been few case reports describing the progression of the endoscopic features. We also report the clinical and endoscopic features of the five similar cases with pathologically proven ectopic sebaceous glands in the esophagus
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