Effects of Early Childhood Education Training Program on the Development of Children

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of early childhood education training program on the development of child. First objective of the study was to identify the existing Early Childhood Training Programs. Second objective of the study was to analyze the effects of Early Childhood Education Training Program in the light of stakeholders. Third objective of the study was to evaluate the ECE Training Program in the development of children. Fourth objective was to suggest some guidelines for effectiveness of ECE trainings programs. The nature of the study was mix method. The population of the research study was pre-schools of Taxila city. The teachers and heads of pre-schools were included in the population. The population of the study was 3 heads and 90 teachers. The sample of the study was 100% of the population sample included 3 heads and 90 teachers. The interview and questionnaire was personally administered by researcher herself. Qualitative and quantitative respondents were randomly selected. Chi-Square association test was utilized to explore the association between responses of the students. In this research study early childhood education training program was the independent variable. ECE training program factors named as knowledge and teaching competency of teachers, command on subject matter, use of AV aids, theories and principles of learning, lesson planning skills, assessment skills and time management skills were used to analyze the effectiveness of training program. The study recommended that to make teaching process more effective and to get better results in field of education teacher may have pedagogical skills to improve classroom management. The study also recommended that in order to make productive teaching teacher may reflect upon their teaching strategies and teaching style

Factors Contributing to Truancy Among Secondary School Students in Karak District, Pakistan

The current research paper investigated the factors contributing to truancy among secondary school students in Karak District, Pakistan. A sample of 150 secondary-school-teachers was used for gathering required information regarding factors contributing to truancy among secondary- school-students. The study was descriptive and a self-developed structured questionnaire based on five point likert’s scale was used to seek the responses of the respondents. Statistical tools i.e., mean and standard deviation were applied. The findings revealed that electronic media factors are the most influential factors contributing to truancy. Furthermore, family background factors, students’ factors, peer group factors, and school environment factors were also found contributory to students’ truancy. On the other hand, teacher factors were found the least contributory factors to students’ truancy. Based on findings, it was recommended that children should not be permitted to use electronic devices. Friendly, encouraging and facilitated environment in school and home might be ensured for students. Keywords: Electronic Media Factors; Students Factors; Family Factors; School Factors; Teacher Factors; Peer Factors; Truancy; Secondary School Students