Energy and Exergy Analysis of Palm Tree Pruning Residues Gasification

Gasification is the process of obtaining syngas containing combustible gases such as H2, CO and small amounts of CH4 from biomass by performing partial combustion with a limited oxygen supply or with the help of suitable oxidants such as CO2 and water vapor. The efficiency of the gasification process is the most important parameter that determines the success of the system. In this study, the performance of the system in the gasification of palm pruning residues was evaluated by energy and exergy analysis methods. The gasification process was carried out at 7.6 Nm3/h and 10.2 Nm3/h air flow rates in the laboratory type fixed bed downdraft gasification unit manufactured in the Biosystems Engineering Department. The lower heating value of the syngas obtained as a result of gasification was found to be 4.09 MJ/Nm3 at 7.6 Nm3/h air flow rate and 3.76 MJ/Nm3 at 10.2 Nm3/h air flow rate. It has been observed that the lower heating value of the syngas is lower at high air flow rate. Energy efficiencies of the gasification system at 7.6 and 10.2 Nm3/h air flow rate were calculated as 47.6% and 52.8%, and exergy efficiencies were calculated as 43.7% and 48.1%, respectively. Exergy efficiencies were found to be lower than energy efficiencies in both air flow rates. However, as the air flow rate increased, the energy and exergy efficiencies also increased. The results obtained are similar to the results of previous studies on gasification of biomass. © 2023 by the author(s)

ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF RICE STRAW GASIFICATION

In this study, energy and exergy ana-lyzes were performed in the gasification of rice straw pellets prepared in 5 different blends: PRF (reference sample with no additives), PVA3 (rice straw + 3% PVA), PML5 (rice straw + 5% molasses), PC5 (rice straw + 5% coal dust), and PC15 (rice straw + 15% coal dust). The average mass flow rates was measured in the gasification process. The tar and gas flow rates varied between 5.30g/s and 5.70g/s, 0.063g/s and 0.069g/s and between 0.424mol/s and 0.464mol/s, re-spectively. The heating value (LHV) of the pellets ranged from 12.45MJ/kg to 12.93MJ/kg. The calorific values of the obtained syngas samples were between 3885.5MJ/Nm3 and 4427.7MJ/Nm3. The energy effi-ciency of the pellet samples in gasification ranged from 53.44% to 58.01% and exergy efficiency varied from 49.19% to 53.48%. The lowest irreversibility value in the gasification process was 36.74kW in PC5 pellet, the highest irreversibility value was 44.21kW in PRF pellet. As a result of the thermodynamic anal-ysis of the pellet samples in gasification, it was con-cluded that there is no need to add any additives in the pelletization of the rice straw. © 2022, Latin American Applied Research. All Rights Reserved.113O434We would like to thank TUBITAK for supporting this project that numbered 113O434. The gasifier used in this research was developed within the scope of the TUBITAK project

RetScreen Programı Kullanılarak Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraatbiyotek Binasına Uygulanabilecek Fotovoltaik Tasarımın Fizibilite Analizi

As a result of the rapid decrease in fossil fuels and increasing energy demand, countries have turned to alternative energy sources. Renewable resources, which are alternative to fossil resources and are environmentally friendly, are clean and inexhaustible energy resources. Solar energy is one of these alternative energy sources This study; With the RetScreen program, it is aimed to analyze the suitability of the system and observe its performance before the PV system is installed. Features affecting the performance of PV systems; It has been designed by considering factors such as the position of the panel, the angle of inclination, shading and panel type. Shadow analysis was performed with the Helioscope program. In the shadow analysis, firstly, the geographical location is defined and the determined parameters are entered into the system. Technical, energy and economic analysis of the 14 kW solar system for the Ziraatbiyotek building was made. The analysis was made in 2 different scenarios and the positive and negative aspects of the solar system to be installed in the building were revealed. The Ziraatbiyotek building, where the study was carried out, was established in the Naip District of the Süleymanpaşa district of Tekirdağ province. For the Ziraatbiyotek laboratory building, 60 panels of the GES power plant with an area of 405 m2 were used. The brand of the selected panel is Astronergy Solar and each has a power capacity of 240 W. The panel inclination is 300 and the azimuth angle is 00 in the RetScreen program. Polycrystalline was used as the panel type in two different scenarios. In the first scenario, emission reduction support was not included and the payback period of the system was 10.4 years, and in the other, $15 tCO2-1 and annual support of$142 were included and the payback period of the system was 9.8 years. According to the results obtained with the program, 20.1 Wh energy produced by the solar panel system decreased 9.5 tCO2 greenhouse gas emissions. It has been obtained that if a 14 kW solar energy system is installed in the Ziraatbiyotek building, approximately 40% of the annual electricity need will be met from solar energy. © Bu çalışma Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi tarafından

A Research on Determination of Moisture Absorption Properties of Sunflower Seed

Bu çalışmada 10, 20, 30, 40 ve 50 oC su sıcaklıklarında, zamana karşı ağırlık artışı kayıtlarıyla, ayçiçeği tanesinin su absorbsiyonu belirlenmiştir. Tanenin nem artışı ile suda kalma zamanı arasında 10, 20 30, 40 ve 50 oC su sıcaklıklarında sırasıyla, 0.3973 0 M M 0.0315 t ; 0.3495 0 M M 0.0443 t , 0.4056 0 M M 0.0419 t ; 0 M M 0.0884lnt 0.0823 ; 0 M M 0.0838lnt 0.0382 ilişkileri bulunmuştur. Beckers Modeline göre belirlenen nem difüzyon katsayıları 3.5264x10-2 ve 9.3187x10- 2 m2/h arasında değişmiştir. Aktivasyon Enerjisi 18196 kJ/kg.mol.K olarak hesaplanmıştır. Arrhenius Eşitliğine göre difüzyon katsayısı ile mutlak sıcaklık arasında 2188.5/ 74.056 T D e ilişkisi olduğu saptanmıştır.Water absorption by sunflower seed in plain water was determined at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 oC by recording the weight increase in grain with respect to time. The relationships between moisture gain of seed and soaking time were 0.3973 0 M M 0.0315 t ; 0.3495 0 M M 0.0443 t , 0.4056 0 M M 0.0419 t ; 0 M M 0.0884lnt 0.0823; 0 M M 0.0838lnt 0.0382 at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 oC respectively. The soaking data were fitted in Becker’s model to determine the moisture diffusivity which was found to vary from 3.5264x10-2 to 9.3187x10-2 m2/h. The energy of activation of sunflower seed was found to be 18196 KJ/kg.mol.K. The relationship between moisture diffusivity and reciprocal of absolute temperature followed the Arrhenius equation as 2188.5/ 74.056 T D e

Development of an Image Analysis System for Sowing Machine Laboratory Tests

Aim of this research is to develop an experimental apparatus to measure distances between seeds for precision sowing machines and to count number of seeds in a determined area for bulk drillers on a conveyor band by using image analyses techniques. System consists of a conveyor band, two cameras, a light, a computer, which includes an image acquisition board, an input board and a software to realise the desired measures using some image processing algorithms. Wheat, sunflower, onion, and sugar beet seeds were used in this research. The results showed that there is no statistically significant differences between measurement of the image analyses system and human