Impact of Nitrogen Nutrition through Organic and Inorganic Sources of Fertilizer on Growth Phenology and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The field experiment was conducted at wheat research farm of CCS Haryana Agriculture University during Rabi season of 2019-20 to study nitrogen nutrition through organic and inorganic source of fertilizer on growth phenology, yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications containing 16 treatments combination i.e T1-Control; T2-100% RDN through urea; T3- 100% RDN through FYM; T4-100% RDN through vermicompost; T5-50% RDN through urea+ 50% RDN through FYM; T6-50% RDN through urea+ 50% RDN through vermicompost; T7-25% RDN through urea+ 75% RDN through FYM; T8-25% RDN through urea 75% RDN through vermicompost; T9-100% RDN through urea + Azotobacter; T10-100% RDN through FYM + Azotobacter; T11-100% RDN through vermicompost + Azotobacter; T12-50% RDN through urea+ 50% RDN through FYM + Azotobacter; T13-50% RDN through urea+ 50% RDN through vermicompost + Azotobacter; T14-25% RDN through urea+ 75% RDN through FYM + Azotobacter; T15-25% RDN through urea+ 75% RDN through vermicompost + Azotobacter; T16- Azotobacter. Treatment T9, 100% nitrogen nutrition through chemical fertilizer (urea) with seed treatment of Azotobacter has taken significantly maximum days to emergence (5.3). Days taken to 50% spike emergence (94.7) and days taken to maturity (148.0) respectively. Similarly T9 had significantly higher grain yield (5640 kg/ha), hectoliter weight (83.167 kg/ha), grain appearance score (7.933 scale/10) and protein content (12.90 %) of wheat during the research period respectively. View Article DOI: 10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i12.00

Moisture Conservations Options for Boosting System Productivity under Pearl Millet: Cluster Bean Strip Intercropping

The present investigation was carried out to study the Moisture conservations options for boosting system productivity under Pearl millet: Cluster bean strip intercropping under aberrant weather situations of south-western Haryana. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design comprising nine treatments replicated thrice. Pearl millet: Cluster bean strip cropping (6:3) under deep summer ploughing recorded maximum land equivalent ratio (1.37) and pearl millet equivalent yield (29.30 q/ha) over conventional and straw mulching practices. While, the highest gross return Rs. 50134, net return Rs. 21749 and B:C (1.77) also recorded under Pearl millet: Cluster bean strip cropping (6:3) under deep summer ploughing (30 cm depth) over other treatments. Pearl millet: Cluster bean strip cropping (with raw ratio 6:3) under deep summer ploughing (30 cm depth) moisture conservation practice significantly improvement of system productivity, land equivalent ratio and pearl millet equivalent yield of pearl millet + Cluster bean strip cropping system

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Not AvailableA field experiment was conducted with the aim to know effects of different weed management on weed density, growth, yield and yield attributes of transplanted rice in typic ustochrept soil during Kharif 2016 at Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, U. P. (India). The experimental site was sandy loam in texture, low in organic carbon and available N, medium in available P and K and slighty alkaline in reaction. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications comprising twelve weed management treatments. The results indicated that the highest plant height, number of tillers (m-2), dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, protein content, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield (46.20 q ha-1) were recorded with the application of Pyrazosulfuron fb Bispyribac Sodium (150 g a.i ha-1 PE fb 25g a.i ha-1 POE) followed by Pyrazosulfuron fb Azimsulfuron (150 g a.i ha-1 PE fb 30 g a.i ha-1 POE) treatments. Grain and biological yield of rice was registered 37.66 and 34.93 per cent higher under Pyrazosulfuron fb Bispyribac Sodium (150 g a.i ha-1PE fb 25g a.i ha-1 POE) treatment in comparison to weedy check treatment, respectively. This shows that Pyrazosulfuron fb Bispyribac Sodium (150 g a.i ha-1PE fb 25g a.i ha-1 POE) can be applied in transplanted rice for effective weed control, higher growth and productivity.Not Availabl

Superabsorbent Polymers as a Soil Amendment for Increasing Agriculture Production with Reducing Water Losses under Water Stress Condition

With an increasing population, world agriculture is facing many challenges, such as climate change, urbanization, the use of natural resources in a sustainable manner, runoff losses, and the accumulation of pesticides and fertilizers. The global water shortage is a crisis for agriculture, because drought is one of the natural disasters that affect the farmers as well as their country’s social, economic, and environmental status. The application of soil amendments is a strategy to mitigate the adverse impact of drought stress. The development of agronomic strategies enabling the reduction in drought stress in cultivated crops is, therefore, a crucial priority. Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) can be used as an amendment for soil health improvement, ultimately improving water holding capacity and plant available water. These are eco-friendly and non-toxic materials, which have incredible water absorption ability and water holding capacity in the soil because of their unique biochemical and structural properties. Polymers can retain water more than their weight in water and achieve approximately 95% water release. SAP improve the soil like porosity (0.26–6.91%), water holding capacity (5.68–17.90%), and reduce nitrogen leaching losses from soil by up to 45%. This review focuses on the economic assessment of the adoption of superabsorbent polymers and brings out the discrepancies associated with the influence of SAPs application in the context of different textured soil, presence of drought, and their adoption by farmers

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Not AvailableImbalanced application of nutrients in the intensively cropped areas results in deterioration of soil fertility. Application of recommended dose of potassium (K) is essential for improving the use efficiency of other nutrients. To assess the buffering capacity of soil, three composite soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0–30cm) during 2015 from 3 production systems viz., organic, inorganic and integrated which was maintained from 2004 with basmati rice–wheat–Sesbania system under Network Project on Organic Farming at ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram. Fractionation of potassium (K) was achieved by sequential extraction of soil samples with distilled water, ammonium acetate and nitric acid in the same order. The relationship between the adsorbed and equilibrium potassium concentration, quantity was determined by plotting Freundlich adsorption isotherms. This was used to determine the buffering capacity and the concentration levels of potassium adsorbed on un-specific sites in the soil. The suitability of the adsorption equation was determined by applying the least square regression analysis. The results revealed that available potassium in the soils ranged from 119.51 to 135.01mg/kg with 126.02±5.24mg/kg as mean (ammonium acetate method) while water soluble and nitric acid extracted potassium ranged from 28.51 to 29.05mg/kg and 2594.49±19.33mg/kg (mean) in various production systems. The mean free energy of replacement was found to be 1998.01±28.38cal/ mol indicating that soils have comparatively higher potassium supply under organic system. The potassium buffering capacity of the soils was found to be 0.7462±0.16mg/kg, 0.6295±0.20mg/kg and 0.6774±0.09mg/ kg in organic, integrated and inorganic systems, respectively. The amount of potassium adsorbed on un-specific sites of the organic, integrated and inorganic systems was found to be 7.4730±1.81, 15.11±2.40 and 11.6 89±3.58mg/kg, respectively. It can be concluded that long-term organic production system improves Kþ buffering capacity of Typic Ustochrept soil as compare to the integrated as well as inorganic production systems.Not Availabl