The Traditional Tunes of the Gibraltar Romances

The fifteen tunes transcribed directly from the field tapes of Prof. Oro Anahory-Librowicz, represent but a sampling of the rarely heard Judeo-Spanish ballad tradition from Gibraltar. All were sung by a single informant, Mrs. Flora Ohana de Roublev. Thus the tunes will serve as valuable comparative documentation for the on-going musicological researches concerning traditional Peninsula and Moroccan balladry.Las quince melodías, transcritas directamente de las grabaciones de campo realizadas por la profesora Oro Anahory-Librowicz, representan una mera muestra de la tradición romancística judeoespañola de Gibraltar, escasamente escuchada. Todas las cantó una sola informante, la señora Flora Ohana de Roublev. Así pues, estas melodías servirán como documentación fidedigna para las investigaciones musicológicas comparativas en curso sobre las baladas tradicionales de la Península y de Marruecos

A Comment on Junction and Energy Conditions in Thin Shells

This comment contains a suggestion for a slight modification of Israel's covariant formulation of junction conditions between two spacetimes, placing both sides on equal footing with normals having uniquely defined orientations. The signs of mass energy densities in thin shells at the junction depend not only on the orientations of the normals and it is useful therefore to discuss the sign separately. Calculations gain in clarity by not choosing the orientations in advance. Simple examples illustrate our point and complete previous classifications of spherical thin shells in spherically symmetric spacetimes relevant to cosmology.Comment: (Tex file + PS file with a figure) Tex errors were correcte

A Closer Look at Eduardo M. Torner's Bibliographic Survey of Spain's Traditional Music and Dance

Eduardo M. Torner (1881-1955) was among the most notable pioneers who contributed to the nascent field of ethnomusicology in Spain. His early field researches in Asturias and Galicia yielded exemplary publications and his associates included such outstanding figures as Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Manuel Manrique de Lara, Jesús Bal y Gay, and Kurt Schindler. The two bibliographies contained in this article, which Torner included among the essays in his classic Temas folklóricos: Música y Poesía (Madrid, 1935), represent but a mere sampling of the 4,000 entries he is purported to have gathered concering Spain's tradidonal music and dance. Fleeing first to Valencia and then to Barcelona at the outbreak of the Civil War, he utlimately sought refuge in London, where he continued his researches until his death. During the transitional period from Valencia to England, he lost his precious collection of photographs, historical documents, and personal manuscripts, together with his massive bibliographical compilation. Here I have reordered the bibliographies from Temas folklóricos, insuring that all his entries are accurate and complete, adding personal comments to Tomer's observations, and providing four indices: 1) Abbreviations and publications surveyed; 2) Authors; 3) Geographic locales, and 4) Subject matter.Eduardo M. Torner (1881-1935) fue uno de los más notables pioneros que contribuyeron al surgimiento de la etnomusicología en España. Sus primeras investigaciones de campo en Asturias y Galicia produjeron publicaciones modélicas, y se relacionó por su trabajo con figuras tan eminentes como Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Manuel Manrique de Lara, Jesús Bal y Gay y Kurt Schindler. Las dos bibliografías contenidas en este artículo que Torner incluyó entre los ensayos de su trabajo clásico Temas folklóricos: Música y Poesía (Madrid, 1935), no representan sino una mera muestra de las 4.000 entradas que se cree que recogió relativas a la música tradicional y danzas de España. Huyendo primeramente a Valencia y después a Barcelona al comienzo de la Guerra Civil, buscó por último refugio en Londres, donde continuó sus investigaciones hasta su fallecimiento. Durante el período de traslado de Valencia a Inglaterra, extravió su preciosa colección de fotografías, documentos históricos y manuscritos personales, junto con su enorme compilación de fichas bibliográficas. En este artículo he reordenado las bibliografías contenidas en Temas folklóricos, asegurándome de que todas sus citas sean exactas y completas, he añadido comentarios personales a las observaciones de Torner, y he elaborado también los siguientes índices: 1) Abreviaciones, incluyendo las publicaciones utilizadas; 2) Onomástico; 3) Toponímico; y 4) Materias

The burden of congenital Chagas disease and implementation of molecular diagnostic tools in Latin America

It is estimated that between 8000 and 15 000 Trypanosoma cruzi infected babies are born every year to infected mothers in Chagas disease endemic countries. Currently, poor access to and performance of the current diagnostic algorithm, based on microscopy at birth and serology at 8-12 months after delivery, is one of the barriers to congenital Chagas disease (CCD) control. Detection of parasite DNA using molecular diagnostic tools could be an alternative or complement to current diagnostic methods, but its implementation in endemic regions remains limited. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of CCD cases would have a positive clinical and epidemiological impact. In this paper, we analysed the burden of CCD in Latin America, and the potential use of molecular tests to improve access to early diagnosis and treatment of T. cruzi infected newborns.Fil: Picado, Albert. Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics; SuizaFil: Cruz, Israel. Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics; SuizaFil: Redard Jacot, Maël. Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics; SuizaFil: Schijman, Alejandro Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Torrico, Faustino. Universidad Mayor de San Simón; Bolivia. Fundación CEADES; BoliviaFil: Sosa-Estani, Sergio Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentina. Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative; BrasilFil: Katz, Zachary. Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics; SuizaFil: Ndung'u, Joseph Mathu. Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics; Suiz

Slowly rotating voids in cosmology

We consider a spacetime consisting of an empty void separated from an almost Friedmann-Lema\^\i tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) dust universe by a spherically symmetric, slowly rotating shell which is comoving with the cosmic dust. We treat in a unified manner all types of the FLRW universes. The metric is expressed in terms of a constant characterizing the angular momentum of the shell, and parametrized by the comoving radius of the shell. Treating the rotation as a first order perturbation, we compute the dragging of inertial frames as well as the apparent motion of distant stars within the void. Finally, we discuss, in terms of in principle measurable quantities, 'Machian' features of the model.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, REVTex, accepted for publication in Class.Quant.Gravit

Federico Garcia Lorca as Folklorist: the Ibero-American Romance de don Gato

Federico Garcia Lorca's interest in ballads {romances) dates from his childhood. Among his unedited hand-written manuscripts in the archives of the Fundación F. García Lorca (Madrid) is a version of the widely-diffused Romance de don Gato whose source he did not reveal. Utilizing its text, we have sought out some sixty orally transmitted variants, including that of his sister Isabel, together with musical transcriptions representing some twenty-three sung versions and variants from among unedited and published Castilian, Catalan, Galician, Valencian, Portuguese, Sephardic, and New World sources.El interés de Federico García Lorca por los romances populares puede fecharse desde su niñez. Entre sus propios manuscritos aun inéditos conservados en el archivo de la Fundación F. García Lorca (Madrid), existe una versión del conocido Romance de Don Gato, sin indicación de procedencia. En nuestro estudio de dicho texto, utilizamos unas 60 versiones recogidas de la tradición oral, incluyendo una de Isabel, hermana del poeta, y 23 transcripciones musicales de fuentes (inéditas y publicadas) castellanas, catalanas, valencianas, gallegas, portuguesas, sefardíes y americanas

Gravastars must have anisotropic pressures

One of the very small number of serious alternatives to the usual concept of an astrophysical black hole is the "gravastar" model developed by Mazur and Mottola; and a related phase-transition model due to Laughlin et al. We consider a generalized class of similar models that exhibit continuous pressure -- without the presence of infinitesimally thin shells. By considering the usual TOV equation for static solutions with negative central pressure, we find that gravastars cannot be perfect fluids -- anisotropic pressures in the "crust" of a gravastar-like object are unavoidable. The anisotropic TOV equation can then be used to bound the pressure anisotropy. The transverse stresses that support a gravastar permit a higher compactness than is given by the Buchdahl--Bondi bound for perfect fluid stars. Finally we comment on the qualitative features of the equation of state that gravastar material must have if it is to do the desired job of preventing horizon formation.Comment: V1: 15 pages; 4 figures; uses iopart.cls; V2: 16 pages; added 3 references and brief discussio

EXPANDER – an integrative program suite for microarray data analysis

BACKGROUND: Gene expression microarrays are a prominent experimental tool in functional genomics which has opened the opportunity for gaining global, systems-level understanding of transcriptional networks. Experiments that apply this technology typically generate overwhelming volumes of data, unprecedented in biological research. Therefore the task of mining meaningful biological knowledge out of the raw data is a major challenge in bioinformatics. Of special need are integrative packages that provide biologist users with advanced but yet easy to use, set of algorithms, together covering the whole range of steps in microarray data analysis. RESULTS: Here we present the EXPANDER 2.0 (EXPression ANalyzer and DisplayER) software package. EXPANDER 2.0 is an integrative package for the analysis of gene expression data, designed as a 'one-stop shop' tool that implements various data analysis algorithms ranging from the initial steps of normalization and filtering, through clustering and biclustering, to high-level functional enrichment analysis that points to biological processes that are active in the examined conditions, and to promoter cis-regulatory elements analysis that elucidates transcription factors that control the observed transcriptional response. EXPANDER is available with pre-compiled functional Gene Ontology (GO) and promoter sequence-derived data files for yeast, worm, fly, rat, mouse and human, supporting high-level analysis applied to data obtained from these six organisms. CONCLUSION: EXPANDER integrated capabilities and its built-in support of multiple organisms make it a very powerful tool for analysis of microarray data. The package is freely available for academic users a

Harrison transformation of hyperelliptic solutions and charged dust disks

We use a Harrison transformation on solutions to the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations to generate solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. The case of hyperelliptic solutions to the Ernst equation is studied in detail. Analytic expressions for the metric and the multipole moments are obtained. As an example we consider the transformation of a family of counter-rotating dust disks. The resulting solutions can be interpreted as disks with currents and matter with a purely azimuthal pressure or as two streams of freely moving charged particles. We discuss interesting limiting cases as the extreme limit where the charge becomes identical to the mass, and the ultrarelativistic limit where the central redshift diverges.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figure

A two-mass expanding exact space-time solution

In order to understand how locally static configurations around gravitationally bound bodies can be embedded in an expanding universe, we investigate the solutions of general relativity describing a space-time whose spatial sections have the topology of a 3-sphere with two identical masses at the poles. We show that Israel junction conditions imply that two spherically symmetric static regions around the masses cannot be glued together. If one is interested in an exterior solution, this prevents the geometry around the masses to be of the Schwarzschild type and leads to the introduction of a cosmological constant. The study of the extension of the Kottler space-time shows that there exists a non-static solution consisting of two static regions surrounding the masses that match a Kantowski-Sachs expanding region on the cosmological horizon. The comparison with a Swiss-Cheese construction is also discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures. Replaced to match the published versio