Protocolo de regeneración de Calibrachoa var. Pampa Salmón INTA a partir de meristemas apicales

Calibrachoa, perteneciente a la familia Solanaceae, es un género nativo de América del Sur. Las variedades comerciales de esta planta tienen un alto impacto en el mercado de plantas ornamentales por la atractiva forma y color de sus flores, y por su capacidad para adaptarse al uso en canteros y macetas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar un protocolo eficiente para la propagación in vitro de Calibrachoa var. Pampa Salmón INTA a partir de meristemas apicales. La combinación de MS ½ + 0,01 mg L-1 BAP resultó en la obtención de un alto porcentaje de regeneración de plantas completas, además de una mayor producción aérea y radical que, consecuentemente, permitieron una alta tasa de sobrevivencia de plantas luego de su transferencia al invernáculo.Calibrachoa, which belongs of the Solanaceae family, is a genus native to South America. Some commercial varieties of this plant have a high impact on the ornamental plant market because of the color and attractive shape of their flowers as well as their adaptability to be grown in flower beds and flower pots. The objective of this work was to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of Calibrachoa var. Pampa Salmon INTA from apical meristems. The combination of MS ½ and 0.01 mg L-1 BAP resulted in a high percentage of regeneration of plants in addition to a greater aerial (shoot) and radical (root) production that, consequently, allowed for a high rate of plant survival after transfer to the greenhouse.Instituto de FloriculturaFil: Tombion, Leticia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Kato, Adriana Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; ArgentinaFil: Soto, Maria Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; Argentin

Informal Trade of Psychoactive Herbal Products in the City of Diadema, SP, Brazil: Quality and Potential Risks

The present study aimed to assess the quality and risks involved in the consumption of psychoactive herbal products (PHs) that are available through informal commerce in the city of Diadema, SP, Brazil. Methods of ethnography were used to conduct the fieldwork during which four dealers were selected to record the collection, handling, packaging, types of PHs marketed, and their therapeutic purposes. in addition, lots of the PHs selected were purchased from the dealers and analyzed using microbiology and pharmacognosy techniques. 217 PHs were recorded and categorized into two main groups: stimulants (67%) and depressants (27%) of the central nervous system; sixteen of them were selected, and their 52 lots were acquired. the deficiencies observed in handling and packaging these lots by dealers were confirmed by microbiological analysis; 80.8% of them presented risk according to the indicators defined by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. the pharmacognostic analysis confirmed the authenticity of only 9 to 16 PHs analyzed. in addition, descriptions of contraindications, adverse reactions, and drug interactions were found in the literature for the PHs. the results of this study allow the observation of the priorities for the sanitary adequacy of the popular trade of herbs.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)AFIP-Associacao Fundo de Incentivo a PesquisaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Med Prevent, BR-04038034 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Ctr Estudos Etnobot & Etnofarmacol, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Farm, BR-05508000 São Paulo, BrazilAdolfo Lutz Inst, Ctr Medicamentos Cosmet & Saneantes, BR-01246902 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Bandeirante Anhanguera, BR-02071013 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Med Prevent, BR-04038034 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Ctr Estudos Etnobot & Etnofarmacol, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Targeting androgen receptor activation function-1 with EPI to overcome resistance mechanisms in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Acknowledgments The authors thank Kate Watt (University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland) for technical support. The authors are also grateful to Country Meadows Senior Men's Golf Charity Classic for financial support of this research. Financial support: This research was supported by grants to MDS from the NCI (2R01CA105304), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP79308) and the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Prostate Cancer Research Program (E81XWH-11-1-0551). Research by IJM’s group was supported by the Chief Scientist’s Office of the Scottish Government (ETM-258 and -382). We are grateful to Country Meadows Senior Men’s Golf Charity Classic for financial support of this research.Peer reviewedPostprin

Establishment of an in vitro micropropagation protocol for Mecardonia tenella

Mecardonia tenella is an attractive herbaceous native plant, characterized by their intense green foliage and their abundant yellow flowers. It is a very interesting plant for pot and/or garden. A trait to improve in this species is the size of the flowers. The goal of the present paper is to study the in vitro behaviour of M. tenella and to establish a routine protocol for its micropropagation. For the in vitro establishment of M. tenella, nodal segments were disinfected by standard methods using ethanol/sodium hypochloride and cultured on hormone-free MS medium, supplemented with a mixture of antibiotics and an antifungal. In order to study the hormonal requirements of the species, nodal segments were cultured on basal MS supplemented with antibiotic/antifungal mixture and the following concentrations of BAP and NAA (mg/L): 0.0; 0.25; 0.5 and 1.0. These plant regulators were tested in all possible combinations. In vitro plants growing in hormone-free medium were used as explant source. The best results were obtained in the treatments containing 0.25 and 0.5 mg/l BAP with a multiplication rate of 32 shoots per explant. The regenerated shoots rooted spontaneously. When transferred to the greenhouse, the ex vitro plants grew and flowered normally

Establishment of an in vitro micropropagation protocol for Mecardonia tenella

Mecardonia tenella is an attractive herbaceous native plant, characterized by their intense green foliage and their abundant yellow flowers. It is a very interesting plant for pot and/or garden. A trait to improve in this species is the size of the flowers. The goal of the present paper is to study the in vitro behaviour of M. tenella and to establish a routine protocol for its micropropagation. For the in vitro establishment of M. tenella, nodal segments were disinfected by standard methods using ethanol/sodium hypochloride and cultured on hormone-free MS medium, supplemented with a mixture of antibiotics and an antifungal. In order to study the hormonal requirements of the species, nodal segments were cultured on basal MS supplemented with antibiotic/antifungal mixture and the following concentrations of BAP and NAA (mg/L): 0.0; 0.25; 0.5 and 1.0. These plant regulators were tested in all possible combinations. In vitro plants growing in hormone-free medium were used as explant source. The best results were obtained in the treatments containing 0.25 and 0.5 mg/l BAP with a multiplication rate of 32 shoots per explant. The regenerated shoots rooted spontaneously. When transferred to the greenhouse, the ex vitro plants grew and flowered normally

Determinação da entalpia de vaporização de líquidos pelo método do isoteniscópio de Smith e Menzies

This article proposes an experimental procedure to determine the enthalpy (and entropy) of vaporization of organic liquid compounds, by the Smith-Menzies (isoteniscope) method. The values of vapor pressure at different temperatures were obtained and ΔvH (and ΔvS) were graphically determined, using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The results for diethyl-ether, propanone, ethanol and n-hexane are in very good agreement with those from literature. A historical and thermodynamic discussion on equations that correlates vapor pressures and temperature precedes the experimental proposition

Bisphenol A exposure in Mexico City and risk of prematurity: a pilot nested case control study

Abstract Background Presence of Bisphenol A (BPA) has been documented worldwide in a variety of human biological samples. There is growing evidence that low level BPA exposure may impact placental tissue development and thyroid function in humans. The aim of this present pilot study was to determine urinary concentrations of BPA during the last trimester of pregnancy among a small subset of women in Mexico City, Mexico and relate these concentrations to risk of delivering prematurely. Methods A nested case-control subset of 60 participants in the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study in Mexico City, Mexico were selected based on delivering less than or equal to 37 weeks of gestation and greater than 37 weeks of gestation. Third trimester archived spot urine samples were analyzed by online solid phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Results BPA was detected in 80.0% (N = 48) of the urine samples; total concentrations ranged from < 0.4 μg/L to 6.7 μg/L; uncorrected geometric mean was 1.52 μg/L. The adjusted odds ratio of delivering less than or equal to 37 weeks in relation to specific gravity adjusted third trimester BPA concentration was 1.91 (95%CI 0.93, 3.91, p-value = 0.08). When cases were further restricted to births occurring prior to the 37th week (n = 12), the odds ratio for specific-gravity adjusted BPA was larger and statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions This is the first study to document measurable levels of BPA in the urine of a population of Mexican women. This study also provides preliminary evidence, based on a single spot urine sample collected during the third trimester, that pregnant women who delivered less than or equal to 37 weeks of gestation and prematurely (< 37 weeks) had higher urinary concentrations of BPA compared to women delivering after 37 weeks.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78251/1/1476-069X-9-62.xmlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78251/2/1476-069X-9-62.pdfPeer Reviewe

Bioactivity of Scytonema hofmanni (Cyanobacteria) in Lilium alexandrae in vitro propagation

Cyanobacteria produces bioactive compounds including plant growth regulators. Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), a toxic substance, is a synthetic plant regulator used in micropropagation. The aim of this work was to evaluate morphogenetic and antioxidant effects produced by intra and extracellular substances from Scytonema hofmanni (Cyanobacteria) during the multiplication in vitro of Lilium alexandrae and to compare them to those produced by NAA. Intra and extracellular cyanobacterial products increased a) bulblets production reaching 83% and 78% of NAA effect, respectively; b) the bulblet diameter compared to NAA; and c) the bulblet survival due to the promotion of antioxidant activity measured as catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activity. The cyanobacterial substances stimulated regeneration and delayed bulblet senescence. They could replace NAA, dangerous for the operator, not only during the regeneration phase but also during the storage of the viable bulblets cultivated in vitro