Feasibility and Effects on the Gut Microbiota of a 12-Week High Intensity Interval Training plus Lifestyle Education Intervention on Inactive Adults with Celiac Disease

This study assessed the feasibility and benefits of high intensity interval training (HIIT) plus lifestyle education among inactive adults with celiac disease. 41 participants were randomized to receive the intervention (HIIT+) for 12-weeks or waitlist control (WLC). Testing was completed at baseline, immediately post- and 3-months post-intervention. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess changes in the outcome variables over time between the groups. Mean percent of age-predicted maximum heart rate was 97.9% and average rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was 6.33 (out of 10) during HIIT intervals. Following the intervention, the HIIT+ group showed enrichment in relative abundance of Parabacteroides and Defluviitaleaceae_UCG_011 while WLC showed enrichment in relative abundance of Roseburia intestinalis, Klebsiella and Adlercreutzia. A unique set of taxa were differentially abundant between the groups at 3-months post-intervention. HIIT+ participants experienced a reduction in resting heart rate (-6.6 bpm) immediately post-intervention compared to WLC. Further research is needed to establish an optimal HIIT protocol that may improve VO2max and metabolic syndrome biomarkers. Findings from this pilot study provide preliminary evidence that a HIIT+ intervention is feasible for inactive adults with celiac disease and leads to favourable changes in resting HR alongside potentially beneficial shifts in gut microbiota. Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03520244 Novelty • High intensity interval training leads to potentially beneficial changes in the gut microbiota of adults with celiac disease. • A high intensity interval training exercise intervention is feasible and well tolerated for patients with celiac disease.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Feasibility of Implementing Cancer-Specific Community-Based Exercise Programming: A Multi-Centre Randomized Trial

Background: There is growing recognition of the importance of reporting preliminary work on the feasibility of a trial. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility of (1) a proposed fitness testing battery, and (2) processes related to the implementation of cancer-specific exercise programming in a community setting. Methods/Design: A randomized controlled implementation feasibility trial was performed in advance of a large-scale implementation study. Eligible participants within 18 months of a cancer diagnosis were randomized to immediate or delayed community-based exercise at YMCA locations in Calgary and Edmonton, Canada for an 8-week period. The primary outcome for the trial was the feasibility of the physical fitness testing battery, defined as a 70% or greater completion rate across the 24-week study period. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework was used to evaluate processes related to implementation of the exercise program across the two sites. Results: Eighty participants were recruited, 73 (91%) completed the 8-week trial, and 68 (85%) completed the 16- and 24-week follow-ups. Sixty participants (75%) completed the full physical fitness test battery at each time point, and 59 (74%) completed the patient-reported outcome measures. Statistically significant between-group differences were found in favor of the exercise group for functional aerobic capacity, upper and lower extremity strength, and symptoms. Differences were found between the sites, however, in completion rates and processes related to program implementation. Discussion: Findings suggest the need for minor adaptations to the physical fitness battery and outcome measures to better fit the community context. While findings support feasibility, context-specific challenges related to implementation processes were identified

New‐onset posttransplant diabetes mellitus after haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide

Abstract Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo‐HCT) with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY) is utilized for patients with hematological disorders but without conventional donors. The effects of new‐onset posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) following haplo‐HCT are unknown. We examined PTDM incidence and outcomes after haplo‐HCT with PTCY. Patients without diabetes receiving haplo‐HCT (n = 64) were analyzed for PTDM diagnosis (defined as blood glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL). By day 100, 14 (22%) patients developed PTDM (median, 18 days). Hyperglycemia (blood glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL) preceded corticosteroids in 11 (79%) individuals. PTDM patients had increased death/relapse (P = .029). PTDM occurs frequently, precedes corticosteroids, and leads to inferior outcomes following haplo‐HCT. PTDM prophylaxis/treatment may improve HCT survival