Selected Results of the Collaborative Research Center "Droplet Dynamics under Extreme Ambient Conditions" SFB/TRR 75

[EN] The Collaborative Research Center (CRC) SFB-TRR 75 was established in January 2010 to focus on the dynamics of basic drop processes, and in particular on processes involving extreme boundary conditions, for example, near thermodynamic critical conditions, very low temperatures, under strong electric fields or in situations involving extremely large gradients. The CRC is a joint initiative of the University of Stuttgart, the TU Darmstadt and the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Lampoldshausen, operating with 17 projects structured into three main research areas and involving researchers from numerous faculties: Mathematics, Chemistry, Electrical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Informatics and Computer Sciences. Some of the topics pursued at the CRC include • The behaviour of supercooled and potentially electrified droplets in clouds • The impact of Supercooled Large Droplets (SLD) on aircraft icing • The behaviour of strongly electrified drops on insulator surfaces, which can be found on high voltage power lines, affecting the partial discharge behaviour and performance and durability of the insulator. • Trans-critical injection conditions of fuel with flash boiling in rocket combustion chambers • Atomization and vaporization of droplets at high pressures and temperature, as occurring in future combustion systems This article provides an overview of the projects being carried out at the SFB-TRR 75 and highlights scientific results from selected subprojects. The main purpose of the paper is to familiarize colleagues with this extensive and dedicated research effort in the area of drop dynamics and to motivate and initiate future collaboration with others in this field.The members of the SFB-TRR 75 would like to thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for the financial support of the SFB-TRR 75.Tropea, C.; Weigand, B.; Schulte, K. (2017). Selected Results of the Collaborative Research Center "Droplet Dynamics under Extreme Ambient Conditions" SFB/TRR 75. En Ilass Europe. 28th european conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 296-303. https://doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4597OCS29630

IoT-Based Automatic Sugar Weighing and Packing for Retail Stores

In Indonesia, the existence of a grocery store is critical because it provides a variety of staples in small amount and weight compared to those sold in minimarkets. Traditionally, the production of sugar retail is done by manually breaking down the weight from a very large quantity of 50 kg into small quantity such as 250 grams, 500 grams and 1000 grams. In addition, manual packing activities require a long time; therefore, decrease the productivity. In this study, an automatic tool is developed to carry out the sugar weighing and packing process automatically, and does not need human supervision because it can be controlled by a smartphone over a long distance or a keypad in a short distance. This tool is run by an Arduino microcontroller which regulates the weighing and packing mechanism repeatedly. The weighing mechanism involves a load cell and servo motors. Meanwhile, the packaging mechanism uses a stepper motor and a modified impulse sealer. Quantitative testing has been carried out for weighing results and gives the best accuracy of 99.2% for sugar weight of 250 grams. Qualitative testing has been carried out to observe the packaging resulting from the packing mechanism and produce a neat package for sugar weighing 250 grams

Globalization and Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis of 68 Countries

The causal effect of globalisation on income inequality is an issue of significant academic interest. On the one hand globalisation is considered to promote global economic growth and social progress, while on the other; it is blamed for growing income inequality and environmental degradation, causing social degeneration and difficulty of competition. The objective of the study is to determine the direction of impact of globalization on income distribution. This study hypothesises that increased globalisation worsens income inequality, and vice versa. This hypothesis is investigated using panel data econometric techniques to examine income inequality index and the index of globalization for panel data of 68 developing countries over the period of 1990-2010. The analysis shows that an increase in globalisation (represented by an increase in the KOF coefficient) leads to an increase in the level of income inequality. It is worth noting, however, that this analysis also suffers from several limitations. It is possible perhaps a simple, overarching relationship does not exist. Rather it is possible that the impact of globalisation on income distribution varies between nations, depending on the structures and institutions that are in place in each country

Globalization and Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis of 68 Countries

The causal effect of globalisation on income inequality is an issue of significant academic interest. On the one hand globalisation is considered to promote global economic growth and social progress, while on the other; it is blamed for growing income inequality and environmental degradation, causing social degeneration and difficulty of competition. The objective of the study is to determine the direction of impact of globalization on income distribution. This study hypothesises that increased globalisation worsens income inequality, and vice versa. This hypothesis is investigated using panel data econometric techniques to examine income inequality index and the index of globalization for panel data of 68 developing countries over the period of 1990-2010. The analysis shows that an increase in globalisation (represented by an increase in the KOF coefficient) leads to an increase in the level of income inequality. It is worth noting, however, that this analysis also suffers from several limitations. It is possible perhaps a simple, overarching relationship does not exist. Rather it is possible that the impact of globalisation on income distribution varies between nations, depending on the structures and institutions that are in place in each country

Validation of Two MODIS Aerosols Algorithms with SKYNET and Prospects for Future Climate Satellites Such as the GCOM-C/SGLI

Potential improvements of aerosols algorithms for future climate-oriented satellites such as the coming Global Change Observation Mission Climate/Second generation Global Imager (GCOM-C/SGLI) are discussed based on a validation study of three years’ (2008–2010) daily aerosols properties, that is, the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and the Ångström exponent (AE) retrieved from two MODIS algorithms. The ground-truth data used for this validation study are aerosols measurements from 3 SKYNET ground sites. The results obtained show a good agreement between the ground-truth data AOT and that of one of the satellites’ algorithms, then a systematic overestimation (around 0.2) by the other satellites’ algorithm. The examination of the AE shows a clear underestimation (by around 0.2–0.3) by both satellites’ algorithms. The uncertainties explaining these ground-satellites’ algorithms discrepancies are examined: the cloud contamination affects differently the aerosols properties (AOT and AE) of both satellites’ algorithms due to the retrieval scale differences between these algorithms. The deviation of the real part of the refractive index values assumed by the satellites’ algorithms from that of the ground tends to decrease the accuracy of the AOT of both satellites’ algorithms. The asymmetry factor (AF) of the ground tends to increase the AE ground-satellites discrepancies as well

Hif-1α regulates differentiation of limb bud mesenchyme and joint development

Recent evidence suggests that low oxygen tension (hypoxia) may control fetal development and differentiation. A crucial mediator of the adaptive response of cells to hypoxia is the transcription factor Hif-1α. In this study, we provide evidence that mesenchymal condensations that give origin to endochondral bones are hypoxic during fetal development, and we demonstrate that Hif-1α is expressed and transcriptionally active in limb bud mesenchyme and in mesenchymal condensations. To investigate the role of Hif-1α in mesenchymal condensations and in early chondrogenesis, we conditionally inactivated Hif-1α in limb bud mesenchyme using a Prx1 promoter-driven Cre transgenic mouse. Conditional knockout of Hif-1α in limb bud mesenchyme does not impair mesenchyme condensation, but alters the formation of the cartilaginous primordia. Late hypertrophic differentiation is also affected as a result of the delay in early chondrogenesis. In addition, mutant mice show a striking impairment of joint development. Our study demonstrates a crucial, and previously unrecognized, role of Hif-1α in early chondrogenesis and joint formation

Criterios de no resecci\uf3n para las met\ue1stasis hep\ue1ticas del c\ue1ncer colorrectal

La resecci\uf3n quir\ufargica se ha convertido en un m\ue9todo ampliamente aceptado para lograr supervivencia a largo plazo e incluso curaci\uf3n en pacientes seleccionados que tienen met\ue1stasis hep\ue1ticas de una neoplasia colorrectal. S\uf3lo se consideran candidatos a la resecci\uf3n una minor\ueda de los pacientes que tienen met\ue1stasis hep\ue1ticas, y a los individuos restantes que experimentan enfermedad icresecable suele ofrec\ue9rseles quimioterapia sist\ue9mica paliativa que mejora la calidad de vida. pero tiene poco impacto sobre la supervivencia. Ha habido una ampliaci\uf3n considerable del uso de las t\ue9cnicas supresoras tumorales por s\ued solas o en conjunto con la resecci\uf3n. y, representan opciones paliativas viables primordialmente por la morbilidad y la mortalidad bajas acompa\uf1antes. Antes que estas t\ue9cnicas se consideren tratamientos ordinarios independientes, es imperativo que se efect\ufaen pruebas cl\uednicas bien dise\uf1adas para validar los resultados de cada instituci\uf3n

A study of project finance in Asia with emphasis on private infrastructure project finance

published_or_final_versionReal Estate and ConstructionDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph