Covering Kids & Families Evaluation: Areas of CKF Influence on Medicaid and SCHIP Programs

Examines how RWJF's initiative to raise enrollment in children's public health insurance programs by expanding outreach, simplifying procedures, and improving coordination changed state policies and procedures; in which areas; and how permanently

Examining Temperament: Approach and Avoidance

This was a mixed methods examination of the approach and avoidance dimensions of temperament. These dimensions were measured through parent examples given on the Structured Temperament Interview (STI). Parents were interviewed by a research assistant and were asked to give both quantitative and qualitative examples of their child's behaviors representing the different distinct dimensions of temperament. A principal components analysis was conducted to help select factors and items to be examined in the qualitative study. Three main factors emerged from the principal components analysis: Prefers Familiar / Routine; Sociability; and Risk Seeking Approach / Short Sighted Approach / Risky. The two items with the highest factor loadings on each of the three factors were chosen for further exploration in the qualitative analysis. The emphasis of this study was on quantifying and classifying the parent examples for the six main items chosen through the principal components analysis

Covering Kids & Families Evaluation: Sustaining the Effects of Covering Kids & Families on Policy Change

Presents results of a follow-up survey of Medicaid and State Children's Health Insurance Program officials to assess the policy and procedural changes shaped by Covering Kids & Families, RWJF's initiative to expand enrollment in these programs

Moving Ahead Amid Fiscal Challenges: A Look at Medicaid Spending, Coverage and Policy Trends

Examines fiscal year 2011 trends in state efforts to control Medicaid spending, reform payment and delivery systems, and prepare for healthcare reform implementation, as well as projections in spending and enrollment growth for fiscal year 2012

Headed for a Crunch: An Update on Medicaid Spending, Coverage and Policy Heading Into an Economic Downturn

Presents findings from a survey of state Medicaid officials on trends in spending, enrollment, policy actions, and budgets for fiscal years 2008-2009. Discusses the possibility of increased enrollment and budget shortfalls due to the economic slowdown

The Crunch Continues: Medicaid Spending, Coverage and Policy in the Midst of a Recession

Presents results from a state-by-state Medicaid budget survey for fiscal years 2009 and 2010. Examines the effects of the recession on spending, how states used Medicaid fiscal relief funds from the federal stimulus package, and the outlook for 2011

Low Medicaid Spending Growth Amid Rebounding State Revenues: Results From a 50-State Medicaid Budget Survey State Fiscal Years 2006 and 2007

Examines the implementation of the new Medicare prescription drug benefit and the rate of Medicaid spending growth and enrollment in 2006. Identifies possible state level changes in eligibility requirements, program expansion, and enrollment processes

The Role of Temperament and Emotion Understanding in the Development of Child Internalizing Disorders

Internalizing disorders are among the most frequently diagnosed psychological problems in childhood (Crawford, Schrock, & Woodruff-Borden, 2011). Evidence suggests that children who have the tendency to avoid, and less developed effortful control, are more likely to develop symptoms of internalizing (White, McDermott, Degnan, Henderson, & Fox, 2011). Similarly, preschoolers who are rated as being more withdrawn during social interactions often display more social anxiety than less avoidant peers (Ale, Chorney, Brice, & Morris, 2010). Furthermore, more difficulty with emotion understanding, and social avoidance, has been shown to directly relate to internalizing problems such as depression, fear/anxiety, somatic complaints, worry and rumination (Rieffe & De Rooij, 2012). Although researchers have identified some early vulnerability factors that lead to the development of internalizing problems, research on anxiety/internalizing in the preschool age population is scarce (Wichstrom, Belsky, & Berg-Nielsen, 2013). The current study sought to fill this gap in the existing literature. The study sample consisted of 139 parent, teacher, and preschooler participants from a university setting (38 to 82 months old; with a mean age of 57 months). Temperament was examined through parent ratings on the Structured Temperament Interview (STI) (Teglasi, 2009) and the Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), Short Form (Putnam & Rothbart, 2006). Emotion understanding was examined by preschoolers' performance on the Emotion Comprehension Test (ECT) (unpublished). Internalizing behaviors were measured through teacher ratings on the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation (SCBE) (LaFreniere & Dumas, 1996). Correlations between the STI factors and CBQ scales illustrated underlying aspects of emotionality and reactivity that influence children's approach/avoidance tendencies, and the link between temperament and overall adjustment. Children who were rated high on preferring familiar/routine activities were also rated as having more internalizing problems, and worse performance on a measure of emotion understanding; whereas, children who were rated high on sociability were rated as having fewer internalizing problems. Regression analyses demonstrated that effortful control moderated the relationship between sociability and internalizing behaviors such that children with high sociability and high effortful control displayed the best behavioral adjustment; and children with low sociability and high effortful control displayed the most internalizing behaviors

The Grizzly, April 23, 1990

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