Collaborating with youths as coteachers in literacy learning

The authors featured in this department column share instructional practices that support transformative literacy teaching and disrupt “struggling reader” and “struggling writer” labels.This work was supported by a Boston University Consortium grant and a Boston University School of Education Faculty Research Award. (Boston University Consortium; Boston University School of Education Faculty Research Award)Accepted manuscrip

Exercises to develop the ability to classify words and to outline paragraphs grade IV.

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

It Was My Job to Keep My Children Safe : Sandra Steingraber and the Parental Rhetoric of Precaution

Advancing the environmental movement requires overcoming a number of rhetorical challenges. Rhetors must negotiate the significant dichotomies of environmental rhetoric including human/nature, public/private, and science/experience. Moreover, they face the challenge of educating and mobilizing uninformed citizens to take action. This analysis focuses on how Sandra Steingraber, an ecologist, writer, and environmental activist, negotiates these challenges. I argue that Steingraber negotiates these challenges by turning to three interrelated rhetorical strategies: the feminine style, autobiography, and synecdoche. I illustrate this through an analysis of two texts Steingraber wrote after becoming a mother: Having Faith: An Ecologist’s Journey to Motherhood, and Raising Elijah: Protecting Our Children in an Age of Environmental Crisis. I argue that Steingraber’s rhetoric aids her in overcoming a dichotomous approach to environmental issues, and that Raising Elijah is especially effective in positioning her target audience of parents to take action on the individual, collective, and political levels

Positioning adolescents in literacy teaching and learning

Secondary literacy instruction often happens to adolescents rather than with them. To disrupt this trend, we collaborated with 12th-grade “literacy mentors” to reimagine literacy teaching and learning with 10th-grade mentees in a public high school classroom. We used positioning theory as an analytic tool to (a) understand how mentors positioned themselves and how we positioned them and (b) examine the literacy practices that enabled and constrained the mentor position. We found that our positioning of mentors as collaborators was taken up in different and sometimes unexpected ways as a result of the multiple positions available to them and institutional-level factors that shaped what literacy practices were and were not negotiable. We argue that future collaborations with youth must account for the rights and duties of all members of a classroom community, including how those rights and duties intersect, merge, or come into conflict within and across practices.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported by a Faculty Research Award from the School of Education at Boston University. (Faculty Research Award from the School of Education at Boston University)Accepted manuscrip

Development and validation of the Multimorbidity Treatment Burden Questionnaire (MTBQ)

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a new scale to assess treatment burden (the effort of looking after one's health) for patients with multimorbidity. DESIGN: Mixed-methods. SETTING: UK primary care. PARTICIPANTS: Content of the Multimorbidity Treatment Burden Questionnaire (MTBQ) was based on a literature review and views from a patient and public involvement group. Face validity was assessed through cognitive interviews. The scale was piloted and the final version was tested in 1546 adults with multimorbidity (mean age 71 years) who took part in the 3D Study, a cluster randomised controlled trial. For each question, we examined the proportion of missing data and the distribution of responses. Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, Spearman's rank correlations and longitudinal regression assessed dimensional structure, internal consistency reliability, construct validity and responsiveness, respectively. We assessed interpretability by grouping the global MTBQ scores into zero and tertiles (>0) and comparing participant characteristics across these categories. RESULTS: Cognitive interviews found good acceptability and content validity. Factor analysis supported a one-factor solution. Cronbach's alpha was 0.83, indicating internal consistency reliability. The MTBQ score had a positive association with a comparator treatment burden scale (rs 0.58, P<0.0001) and with self-reported disease burden (rs 0.43, P<0.0001), and a negative association with quality of life (rs-0.36, P<0.0001) and self-rated health (rs-0.36, P<0.0001). Female participants, younger participants and participants with mental health conditions were more likely to have high treatment burden scores. Changes in MTBQ score over 9-month follow-up were associated, as expected, with changes in measures of quality of life (EuroQol five dimensions, five level questionnaire) and patient-centred care (Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care). CONCLUSION: The MTBQ is a 10-item measure of treatment burden for patients with multimorbidity that has demonstrated good content validity, construct validity, reliability and responsiveness. It is a useful research tool for assessing the impact of interventions on treatment burden. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN06180958

Network Interference Negatively Predicts Relationship Quality and Mental Health in Dating Couples

Although research shows that perceived social network approval of one’s romantic relationship is linked to higher levels of relationship quality and stability, whether an individual’s opinion of their partner’s network is associated with relationship quality and/or individual mental health remains underexplored. In the present study, we addressed this gap in the research by conducting an online survey of 202 participants between the ages of 18 and 29 who reported currently being in a nonmarital relationship of at least 6 months (81% female; 76% White). Four hierarchical linear regressions were performed to test the associations of reported interference from partner’s friends and family, as well as reported tension regarding partner’s friends and family, on relationship quality and depressive symptoms, controlling for a variety of background variables. Results revealed that reported interference from and tension about partner’s friends negatively predicted relationship quality, whereas interference from and tension about partner’s family did not. In contrast, neither interference from family nor friends predicted depressive symptoms, whereas tension about relationships with both family and friends positively predicted depressive symptoms. Furthermore, trust in the romantic relationship only reduced the associations between interference from and tension about partner’s friends and relationship quality. Our findings indicate the importance of considering the role of the wider social network in couples’ relationships

Leptonic signatures of color-sextet scalars II: Exploiting unique large-ETmissE_{\text{T}}^{\text{miss}} signals at the LHC

The diverse and distinct collider phenomenology of color-sextet scalars motivates thorough investigation of their effective couplings to the Standard Model at the LHC. Some of the more unique sextet signals involve not only jets but also leptons. In previous work, we proposed an LHC search for color-sextet scalars in a channel with jets and a hard opposite-sign lepton pair, which results from a dimension-six coupling. In this sequel we study the counterpart processes with neutrinos, which produce jets in association with missing transverse energy ($E_{\text{T}}^{\text{miss}}$) in addition to possible leptons. We consider multiple search channels, including both single and pair sextet production, all characterized by significant missing energy and some featuring distinctive kinematic features. Our multifaceted study consists of three reinterpreted existing searches and a joint-likelihood analysis designed by us to maximize HL-LHC sensitivity to single sextet production. We show that our dedicated strategy in the jets + lepton + $E_{\text{T}}^{\text{miss}}$ channel can supersede today's limits from reinterpreted searches, and we make sensitivity projections for the HL-LHC. Altogether, our analysis can exclude sextet scalars lighter than 4.4 TeV or probe effective cutoffs as high as 16.8 TeV.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures. Updated to resemble Phys. Rev. D Version of Recor

Towards a Food-Based Intervention to Increase Protein Intakes in Older Adults: Challenges to and Facilitators of Egg Consumption

Abstract: Background: Dietary protein intake is important for health. Eggs, as a protein-rich food with characteristics that appeal to older adults, may provide opportunities for increasing protein intake. Interventions that focus on the challenges or facilitators that affect a large proportion of the population will be of increased impact on a population-wide scale. This work aimed to investigate the relative importance of a number of challenges to and facilitators of egg consumption in a UK population-wide sample of older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional postal questionnaire, measuring habitual egg intake, reasons for eating/not eating eggs and a range of demographic and lifestyle characteristics, was administered by post to 1082 older adults. RESULTS: 230 questionnaires suitable for analysis were returned (110 females, ages 55⁻80+ years). Habitual egg intake ranged from 1⁻89 eggs/month, mean (standard deviation) = 18 (13) eggs/month. Reasons for eating/not eating eggs were reduced using Principal Components Analysis to 23 challenges and facilitators of egg consumption. Regression analyses revealed habitual egg intake to be associated with 10 challenges and facilitators (smallest β = 0.14, p = 0.04), and with protein consumption, age and Body Mass Index (smallest β = 0.14, p = 0.03). DISCUSSION: Many possibilities for future intervention based on existing challenges or facilitators were found. Our results suggest that strategies to increase egg consumption in older adults should focus on: improving liking, tastiness and adding variety; promoting eggs as an everyday type of food; reducing stereotypes about who does and who does not consume eggs; and promoting eggs for people who have noticed the effects of ageing on their food intake. Strategies that highlight value-for-money may be counterproductive. Future work evaluating the value of these strategies for improving protein intake in this age group would be of value