Three-Level Laser Dynamics with the Atoms Pumped by Electron Bombardment

We analyze the quantum properties of the light generated by a three-level laser with a closed cavity and coupled to a vacuum reservoir. The three-level atoms available in the cavity are pumped from the bottom to the top level by means of electron bombardment and we carry out our analysis by putting the noise operators associated with the vacuum reservoir in normal order. The maximum quadrature squeezing of the light generated by the laser, operating far below threshold, is found to be 50% below the coherent-state level. We have also established that the quadrature squeezing of the output light is equal to that of the cavity light and has the same value in any frequency interval. This implies that the quadrature squeezing of the laser light is an intrinsic property of the individual photons.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure; a revised version of arXiv: 1105.1438v

Two-Level Laser Dynamics with a Noiseless Vacuum Reservoir

We analyze the quantum properties of the light generated by a two-level laser in which the two-level atoms available in a closed cavity are pumped to the upper level by means of electron bombardment. We consider the case in which the two-level laser is coupled to a vacuum reservoir via a single-port mirror and seek to carry out our analysis by putting the noise operators associated with the vacuum reservoir in normal order. It is found that the two-level laser generates coherent light when operating well above threshold and chaotic light when operating at threshold. Moreover, we have established that a large part of the total mean photon number is confined in a relatively small frequency interval.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure; this is a revised version of a paper published in Opt. Commun. (284, 1357, 2011). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1105.143

Superposed Coherent and Squeezed Light

We first calculate the mean photon number and quadrature variance of superposed coherent and squeezed light, following a procedure of analysis based on combining the Hamiltonians and using the usual definition for the quadrature variance of superposed light beams. This procedure of analysis leads to physically unjustifiable mean photon number of the coherent light and quadrature variance of the superposed light. We then determine both of these properties employing a procedure of analysis based on superposing the Q functions and applying a slightly modified definition for the quadrature variance of a pair of superposed light beams. We find the expected mean photon number of the coherent light and the quadrature variance of the superposed light. Moreover, the quadrature squeezing of the superposed output light turns out to be equal to that of the superposed cavity light.Comment: 7 page