Assessment of temporomandibular disorder and occlusion in treated class III malocclusion patients

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to compare the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in individuals submitted to either orthodontic or ortho-surgical Class III malocclusion treatment and to assess the influence of occlusal aspects on TMD severity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 50 individuals divided into two groups, according to the type of treatment (orthodontic or orthodontic with orthognathic surgery). The presence of signs and symptoms of TMD was evaluated by an anamnestic questionnaire and a clinical examination, including TMJ and muscle palpation, active mandibular range of motion, joint noises and occlusal examination. RESULTS: Based on the anamnestic questionnaire, 48% had no TMD, 42% had mild TMD and 10% had moderate TMD. The presence and severity of TMD did not show any relationship with the type of orthodontic treatment (p>;0.05). The chi-square test showed a positive association (

Avaliação da prevalência da disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) em pacientes tratados das más oclusões de classe III, submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico e orto-cirúrgico

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) em indivíduos tratados das más oclusões iniciais de Classe III. Os 50 casos avaliados foram divididos em dois grupos, sendo o grupo I composto de 25 pacientes tratados ortodonticamente e o grupo II de 25 pacientes submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico seguido de cirurgia ortognática. Um questionário relativo aos principais sintomas de DTM, permitiu a classificação da amostra de acordo com a presença e a severidade de DTM. Foi realizado exame físico para avaliação articular, muscular e oclusal. Baseado no questionário anamnésico encontrou-se a prevalência de 42% com DTM leve, 10% com DTM moderada e 48% apresentavam-se com ausência de DTM. Os testes estatísticos aplicados nesta pesquisa foram o ?t? de Student para os dados paramétricos, o Mann-Witney para os dados não paramétricos e o Qui-quadrado que analisou a associação entre o índice de DTM e as demais variáveis. Os resultados indicaram que os grupos estudados não apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto ao índice de DTM. Por outro lado observou-se associação entre a severidade de DTM e a presença de interferências em lado de não-trabalho. Concluiu-se, com base na amostra estudada, que os tratamentos das más oclusões de Classe III não se relacionam com a presença e severidade de DTM.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in individuals after Class III orthodontic treatment. The sample consisted of 50 individuals divided into two groups, according to the type of treatment (orthodontic or orthodontic with orthognathic surgery). The presence of signs and symptoms of TMD were evaluated by an anamnestic questionnaire and a clinical examination, including TMJ and muscle palpation, active mandibular range of motion, joint noises and occlusal examination. Based on the anamnestic questionnaire, 42% was considered as having mild TMD, while 10% had moderate TMD. The presence and severity of TMD did not show any relationship with the type of orthodontic treatment. A positive association, by qui square test (p<0,05) was found between TMD and nonworking side contacts. Based on that, it was concluded that Class III orthodontic treatment is not associated with the presence of signs and symptoms of TMD

Avaliação da prevalência da disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) em pacientes tratados das más oclusões de classe III, submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico e orto-cirúrgico

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) em indivíduos tratados das más oclusões iniciais de Classe III. Os 50 casos avaliados foram divididos em dois grupos, sendo o grupo I composto de 25 pacientes tratados ortodonticamente e o grupo II de 25 pacientes submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico seguido de cirurgia ortognática. Um questionário relativo aos principais sintomas de DTM, permitiu a classificação da amostra de acordo com a presença e a severidade de DTM. Foi realizado exame físico para avaliação articular, muscular e oclusal. Baseado no questionário anamnésico encontrou-se a prevalência de 42% com DTM leve, 10% com DTM moderada e 48% apresentavam-se com ausência de DTM. Os testes estatísticos aplicados nesta pesquisa foram o ?t? de Student para os dados paramétricos, o Mann-Witney para os dados não paramétricos e o Qui-quadrado que analisou a associação entre o índice de DTM e as demais variáveis. Os resultados indicaram que os grupos estudados não apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto ao índice de DTM. Por outro lado observou-se associação entre a severidade de DTM e a presença de interferências em lado de não-trabalho. Concluiu-se, com base na amostra estudada, que os tratamentos das más oclusões de Classe III não se relacionam com a presença e severidade de DTM.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in individuals after Class III orthodontic treatment. The sample consisted of 50 individuals divided into two groups, according to the type of treatment (orthodontic or orthodontic with orthognathic surgery). The presence of signs and symptoms of TMD were evaluated by an anamnestic questionnaire and a clinical examination, including TMJ and muscle palpation, active mandibular range of motion, joint noises and occlusal examination. Based on the anamnestic questionnaire, 42% was considered as having mild TMD, while 10% had moderate TMD. The presence and severity of TMD did not show any relationship with the type of orthodontic treatment. A positive association, by qui square test (p<0,05) was found between TMD and nonworking side contacts. Based on that, it was concluded that Class III orthodontic treatment is not associated with the presence of signs and symptoms of TMD

The orthodontic treatment in older patients

OBJETIVO: este artigo tem como objetivo abordar as características do tratamento ortodôntico associado a uma atuação odontogeriátrica, pois devido a um aumento da expectativa de vida, um maior número de pacientes idosos tem procurado tratamento odontológico para uma reabilitação estética e/ou funcional. METODOLOGIA: através de uma avaliação de dados presentes na literatura são abordados fatores como enfermidades sistêmicas, uso de medicamentos, condição da saúde bucal, quantidade de osso alveolar, motivação do paciente e estabilidade oclusal após a terapia ortodôntica. Para exemplificar o tratamento ortodôntico no paciente idoso são apresentados dois casos clínicos. CONCLUSÕES: o tratamento ortodôntico representa uma intervenção viável na atuação odontogeriátrica, desde que realizado com forças suaves, considerando as limitações de cada caso e respeitando as características inerentes a esta atuação.OBJECTIVE: to approach the characteristics of the orthodontic treatment in aged patients, because the increase of life expectancy resulted in a bigger number of these kind of patients looking for orthodontic treatment. METHODS: an evaluation of the literature show a series of factors as: systemic disease, medicine utilization, condition of the buccal health, amount of alveolar bone, patients’ motivations and occlusal stability after the orthodontic therapy. To demonstrate the orthodontic treatment in the aged patient two clinical cases are presented. CONCLUSIONS: the orthodontic treatment represents a viable intervention in the aged patients, since that carried through with soft forces, considering the limitations of each case and respecting the inherent characteristics to these patients

Soft tissue profile in white Brazilian adults with normal occlusions and well-balanced faces

Objective: To analyze anteroposterior soft tissue facial parameters for a sample of white Brazilian adults and to compare these measurements with the values proposed for white North American adults. Materials and Methods: Facial profile photographs were taken of 59 white Brazilians (30 men and 29 women) with normal occlusions and balanced faces with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years. The independent Student's t-test (P < .05) was used to compare the soft tissue parameters of the Brazilians with those of the North Americans. Results: White Brazilian women presented a less protruded face compared with white American women except for the glabella region. White Brazilian women showed a smaller nasal projection, less protruded upper and lower lips, a more obtuse nasolabial angle, and a smaller projection of the B' point and chin than white American women. Conversely, the two male groups demonstrated less evident soft tissue profile differences, with the exception of the nose projection, which was smaller in white Brazilian men than in white American men. Conclusions: A universal standard of facial esthetic is not applicable to diverse white populations. Differences regarding the soft tissue profile features were found between white Brazilians and white Americans. These differences should be considered in the orthodontic/orthognathic surgery diagnosis and treatment plan for white Brazilians together with the patient's individual opinion and perception of beauty

Determination of the force systems produced by different configurations of tear drop orthodontic loops

Objective: To determine the mechanical characteristics of teardrop loop with and without helix fabricated using different metal alloy compositions (stainless steel and beta-titanium), submitted to different intensities of bends preactivation (0° and 40°), and with different cross-sectional dimension of the wire used to build these loops (0.017 x 0.025-in and 0.019 x 0.025-in). Methods: Eighty loops used to close spaces were submitted to mechanical tests. The magnitudes of horizontal force, the moment/force ratio, and the load/deflection ratio produced by the specimens were quantified. Loops were submitted to a total activation of 5.0 mm and the values were registered for each 1.0 mm of activation. For statistic data analysis, a analysis of variance was performed and a Tukey's Multiple Comparison test was used as supplement, considering a 5% level of significance. Results: In general, teardrop loops with helix produced lower magnitudes of horizontal force and load/deflection ratio, and higher moment/force ratio than teardrop loops without helix. Among all analyzed variables, metal alloy composition presented greater influence in the horizontal force and in the load/deflection ratio. The moment/force ratio showed to be more influenced by the preactivation of loops for space closure. © 2013 Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics

Comparative analysis of the anterior and posterior length and deflection angle of the cranial base, in individuals with facial Pattern I, II and III

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the variations in the anterior cranial base (S-N), posterior cranial base (S-Ba) and deflection of the cranial base (SNBa) among three different facial patterns (Pattern I, II and III). METHOD: A sample of 60 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Brazilian Caucasian patients, both genders, between 8 and 17 years of age was selected. The sample was divided into 3 groups (Pattern I, II and III) of 20 individuals each. The inclusion criteria for each group were the ANB angle, Wits appraisal and the facial profile angle (G'.Sn.Pg'). To compare the mean values obtained from (SNBa, S-N, S-Ba) each group measures, the ANOVA test and Scheffé's Post-Hoc test were applied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference for the deflection angle of the cranial base among the different facial patterns (Patterns I, II and III). There was no significant difference for the measures of the anterior and posterior cranial base between the facial Patterns I and II. The mean values for S-Ba were lower in facial Pattern III with statistically significant difference. The mean values of S-N in the facial Pattern III were also reduced, but without showing statistically significant difference. This trend of lower values in the cranial base measurements would explain the maxillary deficiency and/or mandibular prognathism features that characterize the facial Pattern III.<br>OBJETIVO: o presente estudo avaliou as variações da base craniana anterior (S-N), base craniana posterior (S-Ba), e ângulo de deflexão da base do crânio (SNBa) entre três diferentes padrões faciais (Padrão I, II e III). MÉTODOS: selecionou-se uma amostra de 60 telerradiografias em norma lateral de pacientes brasileiros leucodermas, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 8 anos e 17 anos. A amostra foi dividida em três grupos (Padrão I, II e III), sendo cada grupo constituído de 20 indivíduos. Os critérios de seleção dos indivíduos para cada grupo basearam-se nos valores de ANB, Wits e ângulo do contorno facial (Gl.Sn.Pg'). Para observar se houve diferença nos valores médios de SNBa, S-N e S-Ba entre os diferentes grupos, utilizou-se a Análise de Variância One Way - ANOVA, seguida de testes post-hoc de Scheffé. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na deflexão da base do crânio entre os diferentes padrões faciais (Padrão I, II e III). Também não houve diferença significativa nos valores da base anterior e posterior do crânio entre o Padrão I e o Padrão II. Os valores médios de S-Ba apresentaram-se reduzidos no Padrão III, com diferença estatisticamente significativa. Os valores médios de S-N também se apresentaram reduzidos no Padrão III, embora sem diferença estatisticamente significativa. Essa tendência a valores reduzidos da base do crânio poderia explicar a deficiência maxilar e/ou prognatismo mandibular, características que podem estar presentes no Padrão III

Comparative in vitro study of the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with restorative and orthodontic resins

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with different restorative systems and compare it with that afforded by an established orthodontic bonding system. Seventy human bicuspids were used, divided into five different groups with 14 teeth each. Whereas a specific orthodontic bonding resin (TransbondTM XT) was used in the control group, the restorative systems Charisma, Tetric Ceram, TPH Spectrum and Z100 were used in the other four groups. Seven days after bonding the brackets to the samples, shear forces were applied under pressure in a universal testing machine. The data collected was evaluated using the ANOVA test and, when a difference was identified, the Tukey test was applied. A 5% level of significance was adopted. The mean results of the shear bond strength tests were as follows: Group 1 (Charisma), 14.98 MPa; Group 2 (Tetric Ceram), 15.16 MPa; Group 3 (TPH), 17.70 MPa; Group 4 (Z100), 13.91 MPa; and Group 5 or control group (TransbondTM XT), 17.15 MPa. No statistically significant difference was found among the groups. It was concluded that all tested resins have sufficient bond strength to be recommended for bonding orthodontic brackets