76 research outputs found
Separation of suspended particles in microfluidic systems by directional-locking in periodic fields
We investigate the transport and separation of overdamped particles under the
action of a uniform external force in a two-dimensional periodic energy
landscape. Exact results are obtained for the deterministic transport in a
square lattice of parabolic, repulsive centers that correspond to a
piecewise-continuous linear-force model. The trajectories are periodic and
commensurate with the obstacle lattice and exhibit phase-locking behavior in
that the particle moves at the same average migration angle for a range of
orientation of the external force. The migration angle as a function of the
orientation of the external force has a Devil's staircase structure. The first
transition in the migration angle was analyzed in terms of a Poincare map,
showing that it corresponds to a tangent bifurcation. Numerical results show
that the limiting behavior for impenetrable obstacles is equivalent to the high
Peclet number limit in the case of transport of particles in a periodic pattern
of solid obstacles. Finally, we show how separation occurs in these systems
depending on the properties of the particles
Facilitating Student Learning Through Contextualization
This Brief, based on a longer review that considers the hypothesis that low-skilled students can learn more effectively and advance to college-level programs more readily through contextualization of basic skills instruction, presents two forms of contextualization that have been studied: âcontextualizedâ and âintegratedâ instruction. There is more descriptive work on the contextualization of basic skills than studies with student outcome data. In addition, many studies with quantitative evidence on the effectiveness of contextualization have methodological flaws that limit conclusions. Further, only a small number of studies are with college students. However, despite these problems, contextualization seems to be a promising direction for accelerating the progress of academically underprepared college students. The method of contextualization is grounded in a conceptual framework relating to the transfer of skill and student motivation; practitioners who use it observe positive results, and the available quantitative evidence indicates that it has the potential to increase achievement
Mobile Medical Education (MoMEd) - how mobile information resources contribute to learning for undergraduate clinical students - a mixed methods study
BACKGROUND:
Mobile technology is increasingly being used by clinicians to access up-to-date information for patient care. These offer learning opportunities in the clinical setting for medical students but the underlying pedagogic theories are not clear. A conceptual framework is needed to understand these further. Our initial questions were how the medical students used the technology, how it enabled them to learn and what theoretical underpinning supported the learning.
METHODS:
387 medical students were provided with a personal digital assistant (PDA) loaded with medical resources for the duration of their clinical studies. Outcomes were assessed by a mixed-methods triangulation approach using qualitative and quantitative analysis of surveys, focus groups and usage tracking data.
RESULTS:
Learning occurred in context with timely access to key facts and through consolidation of knowledge via repetition. The PDA was an important addition to the learning ecology rather than a replacement. Contextual factors impacted on use both positively and negatively. Barriers included concerns of interrupting the clinical interaction and of negative responses from teachers and patients. Students preferred a future involving smartphone platforms.
CONCLUSIONS:
This is the first study to describe the learning ecology and pedagogic basis behind the use of mobile learning technologies in a large cohort of undergraduate medical students in the clinical environment. We have developed a model for mobile learning in the clinical setting that shows how different theories contribute to its use taking into account positive and negative contextual factors.The lessons from this study are transferable internationally, to other health care professions and to the development of similar initiatives with newer technology such as smartphones or tablet computer
Simulation of the propagation of an acoustic wave through a turbulent velocity field: A study of phase variance
International audienc
Patient-Centered Approach to BenefitâRisk Characterization Using Number Needed to Benefit and Number Needed to Harm: Advanced NonâSmall-Cell Lung Cancer
Success for All: First-Year Outcomes of a Comprehensive Plan for Reforming Urban Education
Success for All: Longitudinal Effects of a Restructuring Program for Inner-City Elementary Schools
The Effects of Story Reading Programs on Literacy and Language Development of Disadvantaged Preschoolers
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