Reakcja kukurydzy uprawianej na ziarno po zastosowaniu osadów ściekowych

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the agricultural use of sewage sludge in corn for grain, in the year of application and follow up effect after one and two years after its application. The study was conducted on the variety PR39G12 on the field after the 5-year monoculture corn. Sewage sludge was used in accordance with the Directive of Minister of Environment allowing application of 10 t dry mater per ha-1 once every five years. Fertilization with sludge of maize grown for grain did not cause differences in the growth and development of plants, compared to mineral fertilized objects, as well as did not exceed the limit value for heavy metals content in above-ground plant parts. Maize grown using sewage sludge yielded higher than the objects fertilized with mineral, especially in conditions of extreme drought, which occurred in 2006. Beneficial effect of sewage sludge was maintained in the next two years after application and stabilized the grain yield of maize.Celem pracy była ocena efektów rolniczego wykorzystania komunalnych osadów ściekowych w uprawie kukurydzy na ziarno, w roku zastosowania oraz w kolejnych dwóch latach działania następczego. Badania przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem odmiany PR39G12, na polu po 5-cio letniej monokulturze kukurydzy. Osad ściekowy stosowano zgodnie z ówczesnym rozporządzeniem Ministra Środowiska dopuszczającym aplikację w dawce 10 ton s.m.·ha-1 raz na 5 lat. Nawożenie osadem ściekowym kukurydzy, uprawianej z przeznaczeniem na ziarno, nie spowodowało różnic we wzroście i rozwoju roślin w porównaniu do obiektów nawożonych mineralnie, jak również nie powodowało przekroczenia dopuszczalnych zawartości metali ciężkich w nadziemnych częściach roślin. Kukurydza uprawiana z wykorzystaniem osadów ściekowych plonowała wyżej niż na obiektach nawożonych mineralnie, zwłaszcza w warunkach ekstremalnej suszy, jaka wystąpiła w 2006 roku. Korzystne oddziaływanie osadu ściekowego utrzymywało się w kolejnych dwóch latach od jego zastosowania oraz stabilizowało plon ziarna kukurydzy

Evaluation of damage and control of cream-bordered green pea (Earias chlorana Hübner) caterpillars in a 4-year old plantation of common willow (Salix viminalis L.)

Abstract The aim of the current study was to assess the degree of damage caused by the cream-bordered green pea (Earias chlorana Hübner), belonging to the family Noctuidae, as well as evaluate the potential control of this pest in a 4-year old plantation of common willow (Salix viminalis L.). Analyses were conducted in the years 2010 and 2011 at the Research and Education Centre Gorzyń, Złotniki Branch, Poznań University of Life Sciences. The occurrence of cream-bordered green pea on clone 1100 of common willow (Salix viminalis L.) was evaluated in two unifactorial experiments. The aim of the first experiment was to assess the residual effect of sewage sludge applied in the year of plantation establishment, while the second experiment analysed the effect of insecticide applications. Analysis of variance did not show any significant residual effect of sewage sludge on the proportion of shoots damaged by the pest, while the application of chemicals significantly limited the volume of damage caused by cream-bordered green pea caterpillars. In both 2010 and 2011, the greatest efficacy in the reduction of the damaged shoots by the cream-bordered green pea (87.2% and 87.8%, respectively) was obtained after the application of esfenvalerate. The highest yield increment in comparison to the control was recorded in 2010 (6.9 t ha -1 , 32.7%)