بررسی تأثیر جایگاه گوشی بر آستانه‌های ادیومتری صوت خالص در محدوده فرکانسی مرسوم

مقدمه: بدون شک ادیومتری صوت خالص از پایاترین آزمون‌های موجود جهت بررسی مشکلات سیستم شنوایی است. جایگاه گوشی، از جمله عواملی است که تأثیر زیادی بر ارزیابی دقیق آستانه‌ها دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف، بررسی تأثیر جایگاه گوشی بر آستانهظهای ادیومتری صوت خالص در محدوده فرکانسی مرسوم انجام شد. مواد و روش‌ها: در مطالعه مقطعی حاضر، 50 فرد بزرگسال (25 زن و 25 مرد) 25-18 ساله به صورت تصادفی ساده، انتخاب و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. از تمام افراد تاریخچه‌گیری، اتوسکوپی و تمپانومتری گرفته شد و سپس آستانه‌های شنوایی آن‌ها در محدوده فرکانسی مرسوم (با گام‌های 5 و 1 دسی‌بل) در هر دو گوش تعیین گردید. گوشی مربوط، یک بار توسط فرد آزمایشگر و بار دیگر توسط فرد آزمایش شونده بر روی گوش‌ها قرار داده شد و آستانه‌های شنوایی افراد به روش نزولی کسب و ثبت گردیدند. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل نتایج از آزمون Paired t استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: تفاضل آستانه‌های حاصل از تغییر جایگاه گوشی در تمام فرکانس‌های مورد ارزیابی در هر دو گوش از نظر آماری معنی‌دار بود (05/0 > P). نتیجه‌گیری: جایگاه گوشی بر آستانه‌های شنوایی در فرکانس‌های مرسوم تأثیرگذار بود و به همین دلیل توصیه می‌گردد که در ارزیابی‌های بالینی، جایگذاری گوشی در هر شرایطی توسط شنوایی‌شناس مربوط صورت پذیرد. کلید واژه‌ها: ادیومتری صوت خالص، جایگاه گوشی، آستانه شنوای

Agreement between a new swept-source ocular coherence tomography and a Placido disc-dual Scheimpflug ocular biometric devices

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement between two biometry devices, the Heidelberg Anterion and the Galilei G6 Lens Professional. Methods: Eyes were scanned with both biometry devices. Analysis of inter-device agreement was conducted for the following metrics: flat (K1), steep (K2) and mean K (Km) for anterior, posterior and total cornea, lens thickness (LT), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), white to white (WTW) and axial length (AL). Generalised Estimating Equations were used to account for inter-eye correlation. Bland-Altman analysis was conducted to derive the mean difference (MD) and limits of agreement (LoA) between devices. Differences were deemed clinically significant if they would result in a change in post-operative refraction of 0.25D or more. Results: 159 eyes of 91 patients were included. For the anterior cornea, no significant MD was found for K1 (−0.11D) and K2 (−0.10D), although a significant MD was found for Km (−0.10D). For posterior cornea, while there were no significant MDs between devices, the LoAs were wide for both posterior K1(−0.70, 0.68) and posterior K2 (−1.01, 1.29). For total corneal power, significant MDs were found in K1 (0.36D), and Km (0.26D) but not for K2 (0.17D). Significant MDs were found for LT (0.179mm), CCT (−0.005mm), ACD (−0.111mm) and WTW (−0.158mm), but not for AL (−0.021mm, p > 0.05). Conclusion: There are statistically but not clinically significant differences between Anterion and Galilei G6 Lens Professional in anterior Km, LT, CCT, ACD and WTW. Measurements of the posterior and total cornea are not interchangeable between devices.</p

Effect of a plant-based diet on oxidative stress biomarkers in male footballers

Abstract Proper nutrition plays a vital role in modulating oxidative status. There is an increasing popularity of plant-based dietary patterns among athletes. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the plant-based diet index (PDI) score among male footballers and their non-athlete controls, as well as its relationship with oxidative biomarkers by evaluating the urinary excretion of F2alpha-isoprostane (F2a-IP) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). A group of footballers (n = 45) and a healthy non-athlete group (n = 45) were selected. The two groups were matched based on body mass index (BMI) and age. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of the subjects was 22.88 (2.41) years, and their BMI was 22.08 (1.35) kg/m2. Anthropometric indices were evaluated, and fasting morning urine samples were analyzed to measure oxidative biomarkers. The PDI, unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI), and healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) were calculated using valid food frequency questionnaire data. Generalized estimating equation models were used for all analyses. Compared to the non-athlete group, the PDI score was significantly greater in the footballer group (β = 9.8; P < 0.001), while the differences between the two groups in uPDI and hPDI scores were not significant. Overall, footballers consumed more plant-based foods. By examining the relationship between dietary indices and oxidative biomarkers, only a negative association was observed between PDI score and F2a-IP level (β = −1.25; P = 0.03). Based on the results, footballers were more adherent to a plant-based diet than non-athletes. In addition, it seems that following plant-based diets (the higher PDI) may exert beneficial effects on lowering F2a-IP levels due to improving the body's antioxidant status