2,790 research outputs found
Employee Training and Wage Compression in Britain
We use linked data for 1,460 workplaces and 19,853 employees from the Workplace Employee Relations Survey 1998 to analyse the incidence and duration of employee training in Britain. We find training to be positively associated with having a recognised vocational qualification and current union membership. Whilst being non-white, shorter current job tenure, and part-time or fixed-term employment statuses are all associated with less training. Furthermore, in line with recent non-competitive training models, higher levels of wage compression (measured in absolute or relative terms) are positively related to training.training; wage compression; performance
Employee Training, Wage Dispersion and Equality in Britain
We use British household panel data to explore the wage returns to training incidence and intensity (duration) for 6924 employees. We find these returns differ greatly depending on the nature of the training (general or specific); who funds the training (employee or employer); and the skill levels of the recipient (white or blue collar). Using decomposition analysis, we further conclude that training is positively associated with wage dispersion in Britain and a virtuous circle of wage gains but only for white-collar employees.Training, wage compression, performance
Employee Training and Wage Dispersion: White and Blue Collar Workers in Britain
We use household panel data to explore the wage returns associated with training incidence and intensity (duration) for British employees. We find these returns differ depending on the nature of the training; who funds the training; the skill levels of the recipient (white or blue collar); the age of the employee; and if the training is with the current employer or not. Using decomposition analysis, training is found to be positively associated with wage dispersion: a virtuous circle of wage gains and training exists in Britain but only for white-collar employees.wage compression, performance, training
Patient Perspectives of the Doctor-at-Home Service
Introduction. Home health care has been established as an effective model for reducing mortality in the elderly. The Doctor-at-Home Service at the Community Health Centers of Burlington (CHCB) has offered home health care to Burlington residents since January 2015. Dr. Karen Sokol, MD, alone provides care to 176 patients at their homes, including at-home palliative care. CHCB hope to expand this program by hiring more providers.
Objective. To understand the impact of the Doctor-at-Home Service from the pa- tientsâ perspective.
Methods. A survey was administered to a cohort of eighteen patients over an 8- week period and addressed topics such as barriers to healthcare, benefits, and costs associated with doctor-at-home programs. A theme analysis on the responses was then conducted to reflect patient opinions. Available summary data describing the pa- tient population was also analyzed.
Results. The Doctor- at- Home program serves patients ranging from 26 to 100 years old, with the majority of the patient population comprised of senior citizens. Prior to at home care, patients faced barriers such as lack of transportation, negative past experi- ences, anxiety, and distance from relatives. Four main themes from patient responses were physician-patient relationship, convenience, quality of care, and environment of care.
Discussion. Evidence is compelling that there is a desire and need for an exten- sion of the Doctor-at-Home program to reach additional patients. Doctor-at-Home pro- grams could eliminate identified barriers and provide quality care to patients, especially those with specific barriers to access.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1256/thumbnail.jp
Accountable Care in the Safety Net: A Case Study of the Cambridge Health Alliance
Following passage of health care reform in Massachusetts, the Cambridge Health Alliance (CHA), a public safety-net health system, began to establish an accountable care organization in an effort to continue its mission and remain financially solvent. In examining how CHA undertook its delivery system transformation, this case study explores the organization's four major strategies: establishing patient-centered medical homes, entering alternative payment arrangements with managed care organizations, launching complex care management, and establishing a partnership with a tertiary care institution. Workforce education and culture change were also core principles. Within two years, CHA had already received National Committee for Quality Assurance patient-centered medical home recognition for six of its primary care sites, and quality metrics demonstrate improvements in these sites compared with others. Moreover, utilization in one managed care organization is trending downward. Challenges persist, however, due in part to fiscal pressures created by state health care reform
Post-traumatic chronic headache: case report
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: De acordo com a Classificação Internacional das Cefaleias, a cefaleia pĂłs-traumĂĄtica Ă© caracterizada por dor de intensidade variĂĄvel, mĂĄxima na ĂĄrea do trauma, que se inicia em atĂ© sete dias apĂłs a lesĂŁo. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar o caso de cefaleia pĂłs-traumĂĄtica crĂŽnica, secundĂĄria Ă lesĂŁo por arma de fogo. A dor era desencadeada pela palpação de pontos de gatilho em cicatriz. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino, 31 anos, sofreu lesĂŁo por arma de fogo na regiĂŁo cervical esquerda, desenvolvendo cefaleia refratĂĄria, com ĂĄrea mĂĄxima em regiĂŁo de cicatriz. Observou-se ponto de gatilho nessa regiĂŁo. Foi proposto tratamento com bloqueio perifĂ©rico com excelente resposta. CONCLUSĂO: Sugere-se que a formação de neuromas em ĂĄreas de cicatriz possa estar envolvida com a fisiopatologia da cefaleia pĂłs-traumĂĄtica.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, post-traumatic headache is characterized by pain of variable intensity, maximum in the trauma area, which starts up to seven days after the injury. This study aimed at reporting a case of post-traumatic chronic headache, secondary to firearm injury. Pain was triggered by palpation of triggering points at the scar. CASE REPORT: Male patient, 31 years old, suffered a firearm injury at the left cervical region, developing refractory headache with maximum area at the scar region. Triggering points at the scar region were observed. A treatment with peripheral block was proposed with excellent response. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the formation of neuromas in scar areas may be involved with the pathophysiology of post-traumatic headache
SĂntese da CĂșpula Internacional Sobre DeficiĂȘncia Intelectual e DemĂȘncia: ImplicaçÔes Para o Brasil
In October of 2016, an interdisciplinary group representing North and South American and European countries met in Glasgow, Scotland, to scrutinize issues regarding adults with intellectual disability (ID) affected by dementia and to produce recommendations and guidelines for public policy, practice, and further research. The aim of this paper is to apprise relevant outcomes of the Summit targeting Brazilian researchers, clinicians, and nongovernmental organizations in the field of ageing and dementia with an eye to including ID within the Brazilian national dementia plan. Three core themes were covered by the Summit: i) human rights and personal resources, ii) personalized services and caregiver supports, and iii) advocacy and public impact. The exploration of the themes highlighted variations across countries, and revealed consensual views in matters, such as international networks, guidance for practices, and advocacy on behalf of both people with intellectual disability affected by dementia, and their families. Implications for Brazilian efforts to organize a national dementia plan are discussed and the authors proffer a series of recommendations for targeted activities within Brazil to address the needs of adults with ID affected by dementia
International variation in outcomes among people with cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors and impaired glucose tolerance: insights from the NAVIGATOR Trial
Background: Regional differences in risk of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular outcomes in people with impaired glucose tolerance are poorly characterized. Our objective was to evaluate regional variation in risk of newâonset diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular outcomes, and treatment effects in participants from the NAVIGATOR (Nateglinide and Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research) trial.
Methods and Results: NAVIGATOR randomized people with impaired glucose tolerance and cardiovascular risk factors or with established cardiovascular disease to valsartan (or placebo) and to nateglinide (or placebo) with a median 5âyear followâup. Data from the 9306 participants were categorized by 5 regions: Asia (n=552); Europe (n=4909); Latin America (n=1406); North America (n=2146); and Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa (n=293). Analyzed outcomes included newâonset diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular death; a composite cardiovascular outcome of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke; and treatment effects of valsartan and nateglinide. Respective unadjusted 5âyear risks for newâonset diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular death, and the composite cardiovascular outcome were 33%, 0.4%, and 4% for Asia; 34%, 2%, and 6% for Europe; 37%, 4%, and 8% for Latin America; 38%, 2%, and 6% for North America; and 32%, 4%, and 8% for Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. After adjustment, compared with North America, European participants had a lower risk of newâonset diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.78â0.94; P=0.001), whereas Latin American participants had a higher risk of cardiovascular death (hazard ratio 2.68, 95% CI 1.82â3.96; P<0.0001) and the composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% CI 1.15â1.92; P=0.003). No differential interactions between treatment and geographic location were identified.
Conclusions: Major regional differences regarding the risk of newâonset diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular outcomes in NAVIGATOR participants were identified. These differences should be taken into account when planning global trials
The Use of Smart Devices for the Detection of Aflatoxin in Ground Corn Feeds
Aflatoxin contaminates agricultural commodities, plants or animal-derived food, in warm and humid conditions primarily in tropical countries such as the Philippines. Although the type and degree of contamination are dependent on its concentration, its effect becomes critical when biomagnified. In this study, a rapid, simple, and portable detection was developed. A smart-device sensor was used to measure the pH of the samples with aflatoxin and compared it with the pH of pure samples. Concentrations in parts per billion (ppb) were calculated for each of the samples from the obtained pH readings; Cyclic voltammetry was also conducted to further study the electrochemical properties of the mixture with aflatoxin
The Use of Smart Devices for the Detection of Aflatoxin in Ground Corn Feeds
Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced predominantly by two fungal species: Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus (Gourama, H., & Bullerman, L., 1995). These fungal species are contaminants of food crops as well as animal feeds, and are responsible for aflatoxin contamination of these agricultural products. The toxicity and potency of aflatoxins make them the primary health hazard as well as responsible for losses associated with contaminations of processed foods and feeds (Gourama, H., & Bullerman, L., 1995). Determination of aflatoxins concentration in food crops and animal feeds is thus very important for Food Safety Regulatory Agencies (FRSA) to create effective policies (Shane, S.H. & Groopman, J.D., 1994). However, the current mechanism of aflatoxin detection does not provide an immediate result, requires technical expertise, and are costly (Paniel, N., Radoi, A. & Marty, J., 2010
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