Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Aqueous Extract from Pituranthos scoparius (Coss. & Dur.) Growing in Algeria

This study aims to estimate the total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins contents then to investigate both in vitro antioxidant capacity models of aqueous extract (AqE) from the stems of Pituranthos scoparius, growing in Algeria. Total polyphenol contents were determined using Folin Ciocalteu's reagent; flavonoids were quantified employing the AlCl3 and method tannins using haemoglobin precipitation test. The in vitro antioxidant property was assessed by DPPH-scavenging radical and lipid peroxidation assays. The results revealed that aqueous extract presented a high total phenolic and tannins contents with values of 150.89 ± 0.68 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/g and 71.24 ± 0.09 mg TAE (tannic acid equivalent)/g dry extract, respectively. This extract show an essential effect toward DPPH-scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation inhibition with 96.19 ± 0.00 µg/mL, 91.53 ± 0.98 %, respectively. This study indicates that the aqueous extract from Pituranthos sciparius has potent antioxidant effects and may prove to be of latent health benefit as well as supplementary sources for natural antioxidants drugs. Keywords: Pituranthos scoparius, aqueous extract, antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds

Fractionation, Phytochemical Screening and Free Radical Scavenging Capacity of Different Sub-Fractions from Pituranthos scoparius Roots

The purpose of this study was to prepare three sub-fractions from Pituranthos scoparius roots (PSR), characterize their phytochemicals contents and to investigate their free radical scavenging activity by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl scavenging activities. Tannins, flavonoids, steroids, and other bioactive compounds were found in the different sub-fractions. The Ethyle acetate extract (EAE) and chloroform extract (ChE) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity using ABTS (17.8 ± 0.87 µg/mL and 18.15 ± 0.68 µg/mL), respectively. Whereas, Crude extract (CrE) have been presented strong hydroxyl scavenging activity (14.9 ± 0.8 µg/mL). This study indicates that PSR extracts has potent free radical scavenging, and may prove to be of potential health benefit as well as additional resources for natural antioxidants. Keywords: Medicinal plant; phytochemical screening; sub-fractions, free radical scavenging

Evaluation of isoniazid-oxidative reactions in mice model

In this study the anti-tubercular drug; isoniazid (INH) was investigated for their adverse effect; the oxidative stress. This effect was evaluated by using mice model, at the dose of 151 mg/kg.  We found that oxidative stress induced by INH is associated with lipid peroxidation expressed by the increase in the level of MDA from 76.9 ± 1.74 to 79.61 ± 2.67 nmol/g tissue. The oxidative stress of INH is accompanied by a decrease in reduced GSH level (from 79.9 ± 12 μmol / mg  to 68.48 ± 4.28 μmol / mg compared to of the control group). After treatment with INH at 151 mg/kg, a decrease in CAT activities occurred compared to control (2.53 ± 0.39 U/mg Pr vs 5.07 ± 0.73 U/mg Pr). Keywords: isoniazid, oxidative stress, MDA, GSH, CA

Synthesis, Characterization, in vivo acute toxicity and superoxide anion scavenging evaluation of new isatin-hydrazone

A new isatin-hydrazone (I); N'-[(E)-(5-bromo-1H- indol-3-yl) methylidene] pyridine-4-carbohydrazide  was prepared from the condensation reaction of 5-bromo-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde and the anti-tubercular drug; isoniazid, in the presence of acetic acid. The obtained hydrazone was identified and characterized by physico-chemical techniques such as melting point, IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the acute toxicity was evaluated using mice. The antioxidant of I was evaluated against superoxide anion radical.  Our biological results indicate low toxicity of I at the high dose of 1000 mg/kg, and high superoxide anion scavenging effect with inhibition percentage of 82.57 % and IC50 138.78 µg/mL. Keyword: hydrazone, toxicity, antioxidant, superoxide anio

Skin Sensitization Calculation, Topical anti-inflammatory effect and DFT Study of New Indole-Hydrazone

A new indol-hydrazone (IH); N'-[(E)-(5-bromo-1H- indol-3-yl) methylidene] pyridine-4-carbohydrazide was selected for theoretical and experimental studies. Molecular structure proprieties were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) via B3LYP/6-31G (d,p), skin sensitization prediction was carried out using Pred Skin software program. The obtained results demonstrate the reactivity of IH with Energy gap (Δ) of 0.0579 a.u, low sensitizer effect towards human skin with probability of 60 %, and an excellent topical anti-inflammatory effect against xylen-induced ear odema in mice model with inhibition percentages of 81.48%. Keyword: Hydrazone, skin sensitization, Topical, Anti-inflammatory

In Silico Toxicological, Anti-Tubercular Effect Evaluation And In Vitro Marine Pathogenic Bacteria Inhibition of N-[(3-Chloro-4-Nitro-Phenyl)Methyleneamino]Pyridine-4-Carboxamidine

The hydrazone; N-[(3-chloro-4-nitro-phenyl) methyleneamino] pyridine-4-carboxamidine (H) was selected for in silico toxicological and in vitro bactericidal studies. Toxicological investigation was carried out using software program, such as eMolTox and Gusar, for the toxic substructure determination, and acute rat toxicity prediction respectively. In vitro bactericidal effect evaluation was investigated using tow marine pathogenic bacteria; Vibrio anguillarum and Photobacterium damselae. Computational results determinate toxicophores of (H), which are nitro-aromatic part, hydrazine group, and quaternary carbon, were predicted as responsible for Idiosyncratic toxicity metabolic activation, covalent bond with DNA, and hepatotoxicity respectively. In addition, the predicted LD50 of (H) are 1086, 244, 1816, and 823.40 mg/kg in intraperitenial, intravenous, oral and subcutaneous administration respectively. For bactericidal results, H exhibited an excellent effect with inhibition percentages of 98.65 and 98.83% at the concentrations of 1000 and 500 µg/mL against Vibrio anguillarum respectively, the same effect was demonstrated against Photobacterium damselae with inhibition percentages of 97.74 and 97.98 % at the same concentrations. For anti-tubercular effect prediction, results revealed that H has an excellent effect with probability percentage of 84.6%.   Keyword: Hydrazone, toxicophore, LD50, Anti-tubercular, Vibrio anguillarum, Photobacterium damselae.    &nbsp

Topical Anti-inflammatory evaluation of new hydrazone: 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzylidene) isonicotinohydrazide

The anti-inflammatory effects of the investigated compounds; Isoniazid, hydrazone, and Indomethacin were evaluated in this study. The experiment was performed using xylene induced topical ear edema method in mice model, at the dose of (0.5 mg/ear). Results showed that the compounds; Isoniazid, hydrazone, and Indomethacin exerted 85, 90 and 89% of inhibition percentages, respectively. The effect of hydrazone was statistically similar to the effect of indomethacin which is a standard anti-inflammatory drug. Keywords: inflammation, hydrazone, ear edema, topical

Synthesis, Characterisation and Analgesic Activity of Diethylenediamine Copper Complex

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