Digital skin ulceration and acro-osteolysis: A rare presentation of severe carpal tunnel syndrome

[No abstract available

The Association of ERG and c-erbB2 Expressions With Gleason Scoring in Adenocarcinomas of the Prostate

BACKGROUND/AIM: We aimed to determine erythroblast transformation-specific-related gene (ERG) and c-erbB2 expression in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate and to investigate the association of these proteins with tumor growth and/or Gleason score, which is the main prognostic marker in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radical prostatectomy materials of 59 patients with acinar adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Immunohistochemical analysis for ERG and c-erbB2 was performed. The association of ERG and c-erbB2 expressions with International Society of Urologic Pathologists (ISUP) grade, tumor volume and patient age was investigated. RESULTS: ISUP grade was 1 (equivalent to a Gleason score of 6) in 23 tumors while the rest of the cases were Gleason score >6 tumors. ERG expression was detected in 37.5% of the cases. None of the cases had c-erbB2 expression. There was no significant difference in ERG staining between the low-risk (ISUP 1) and high-risk (ISUP >1) groups (p=0.602). Evaluation of all ISUP groups with the Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference across the groups in terms of ERG expression (p=0.374). CONCLUSION: The present study reflects the ERG expression rate (37.5%) in patients with carcinoma of the prostate in Turkey. Our findings support that ERG overexpression is involved in the pathogenesis but has no association with histological grade in prostate carcinoma

The importance of p16 and CD117 expression in melanocytic lesions

Aim: The present study aims to determine the p16 and CD117 expression profiles of melanocytic lesions to investigate immune profiles that may facilitate differential diagnosis of melanoma from benign or potential precursor melanocytic lesions.Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry for p16 and CD117 was applied in a total of 81 cases with melanocytic lesions.Results: A significant loss of p16 expression was found in melanoma cases compared to benign and precursor melanocytic lesions (p<0.05). Moreover, a significant loss of p16 expression was also noted in cases of dysplastic nevus compared to those with intradermal nevus (p<0.01). While no CD117 expression was observed in intradermal nevi, high-level expression was seen in cases with Spitz nevus, blue nevus, invasive melanoma and dysplastic nevus (p<0.01).Conclusion: We believe using p16 and CD117 together may provide an important marker combination to aid in distinguishing melanoma from benign lesions and benign lesions from potential precursor melanocytic lesions

Are fungi and EBV effective in cholesteatoma etiology?

Aim: Cholesteatoma is a commonly seen disease whose pathogenesis remains unknown. Although not a neoplastic process, it may progress to a fatal condition with local bone destruction. In this study, we aimed to present new insights concerning the etiology of cholesteatoma triggered by an inflammatory process.Materials and Methods: The study included 34 patients diagnosed with cholesteatoma upon mastoidectomy performed between 2011-2019. Due to a provisional diagnosis of cholesteatoma. The cases were investigated for the latent membrane protein (LMP-1) encoded by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) using the immunohistochemical method and for the presence of fungi using Grocott’s methenamine silver (GMSII) stain.Results: No fungi was detected in any of the 34 patients by GMSII staining. Thirty-two of the 34 patients were negative with but a suspicious result was seen in 2 patients with the immunohistochemical EBV antibody. EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) analysis was applied to these 2 cases with the silver in situ hybridization method and no reaction was observed.Conclusion: In our study, we investigated the presence of fungi and EBV, which can trigger the inflammatory process. However, no EBV or fungi was detected in the tissues. Our study is the first to investigate the presence of EBV and fungi in formalin-fixed tissue in cases of aggressive cholesteatoma

The Effect of EGFR, P16 and Ki67 Expression on Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective: HPV and EGFR expression status may be utilized as an independent prognostic factor owing to the different clinical and demographic characteristics head and neck cancers. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the association between EGFR, p16 and ki67 expression and survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Materials and Methods: A total of 43 patients with SCC of the head and neck region were included in the study. EGFR, p16 and Ki67 were examined by means of immunohistochemistry. The association between these markers and survival was investigated.Results: EGFR expression was detected in 14 cases (32.5%), Staining with p16 was positive in 20 cases (46.5%). Mean duration of follow up was 32 months. There was a statistically significant difference between ki67 proliferation indices of patients who survived and those who died (p=0.037). Survival was significantly shorter in EGFR positive patients compared to those negative for EGFR expressions (p=0.037). Mean survival was 30 months in the 20 p16 positive patients and 33.5 months in p16 negative patients (p=0.847).Conclusion: This study supports that EGFR and Ki67 may be important markers to predict prognosis and survival in patients with head and neck SCC.

Relapse of minimal change disease after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: case report

[No Abstract Available

Pathogenetic and Prognostic Importance of Cyclin D1, Estrogen Receptor, and TAG72 in Cutaneous Vascular Tumors and Pericytic Tumors

Objective: The present study aims to investigate the presence of pericyte loss in malignant vascular tumors and investigate the expression of cell cycle regulators, cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor (ER), and tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72) in tumor cells and tumor microenvironment in benign/malignant vascular tumors and benign/malignant pericytic tumors. Methods: Cyclin D1, ER, and TAG72 were examined by immunohistochemistry in 38 cases of tumors of vascular and pericytic origins. The data on metastasis and prognosis of malignant cases were retrieved from the hospital information system. Results: The 38 patients included the following types of neoplasms: hemangioma (n=16), glomus tumor (n=9), epithelioid angiosarcoma (n=8), epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (n=3), infantile hemangiopericytoma (n=1), and malignant glomus tumor (n=1). No statistically significant difference was found in cyclin D1 expression between pericyte-derived tumors and malignant vascular tumors (p=0.508). When benign-malignant vascular and pericytic tumors were compared, no statistically significant difference was found in cyclin D1 expression between the 4 groups (p=0.465). No statistically significant difference was observed in staining between tumors of vascular and pericytic origin (p=0.104). ER expression was detected in only one case of malignant glomus tumor. TAG72 expression was not observed in any of the cases. Conclusion: The present study supports the notion that cyclin D1 may be present as a driver mutation in this group of tumors. The findings of this study did not produce any data to support the hypothesis claiming that pericyte loss led to malignancy. We believe that our results on the comparison of cell cycle protein expressions in cutaneous vascular and pericytic tumors shed light for future studies to elucidate the pathogenesis of this group of rare tumors

Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis with Nasal Cavity

Renal hücreli karsinom, erişkin neoplazilerinin %3’ünü oluşturan agresif bir tümördür. En sık metastaz yaptığı yerler akciğer, adrenal, barsak, beyin ve intraabdominal organlardır. Bunun yanı sıra literatürde kalp, mesane, meme, tonsil ve tiroide yerleşen metastaz olguları bildirilmiştir. Bu yazıda bir nazal kavite yerleşimli renal hücreli karsinom metastazı olgusunu, nazal obstrüksiyon ve epistaksis görülen ve renal hücreli karsinomu olan hastalarda metastaz olasılığının akılda tutulmasını vurgulamak amacıylasunduk.Renal cell carcinoma is an aggressive tumor that accounts for 3% of adult neoplasia. The most common sites of metastasis are the lung, adrenal, large intestine, brain and intraabdominal organs. In addition, cases of metastasis in the heart, bladder, breast, tonsil and thyroid have been reported in the literature. We present a case of renal cell carcinoma metastasis located in a nasal cavity in order to emphasize the possibility of metastatic lesions being responsible for nasal obstruction and epistaxis

Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis with Nasal Cavity

Renal cell carcinoma is an aggressive tumor that accounts for 3% of adult neoplasia. The most common sites of metastasis are the lung, adrenal, large intestine, brain and intraabdominal organs. In addition, cases of metastasis in the heart, bladder, breast, tonsil and thyroid have been reported in the literature. We present a case of renal cell carcinoma metastasis located in a nasal cavity in order to emphasize the possibility of metastatic lesions being responsible for nasal obstruction and epistaxis

Immunohistochemical expression of E-Cadherin and ?-catenin in prostate adenocarcinoma and benign prostate hyperplasia

Disruption of the E cadherin mediated complex due to loss or depletion of E cadherin results in epithelial abnormalities and serious developmental impairment in varioustissues and organs. The present study aims to determine E cadherin and ? catenin expression in patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatecarcinoma (PCa) based on Gleason scores and investigate the association of these proteins with PSA levels and Gleason scoring. Immunohistochemical staining for Ecadherin and ? catenin was performed in 59 patients diagnosed with PCa and 30 patients with BPH. Mean E cadherin expression was 3.00 in patients diagnosed with BPHand 2.38±0.5 in patients with PCa, with a statistically significant difference between these values (p<0.001). Comparison of PCa cases with PSA <10 versus those withPSA ?10 revealed significantly reduced ? catenin expression in the group with PSA levels ?10 (p<0.001). Loss of E cadherin and ? catenin is known to contribute to thepathogenesis of PCa. We believe that future molecular studies on this subject may further elucidate the association between carcinoma development and the expression ofthese molecules, leading to new therapeutic targets in the treatment of PCa