Nanoscale Magnetic Imaging using Circularly Polarized High-Harmonic Radiation

This work demonstrates nanoscale magnetic imaging using bright circularly polarized high-harmonic radiation. We utilize the magneto-optical contrast of worm-like magnetic domains in a Co/Pd multilayer structure, obtaining quantitative amplitude and phase maps by lensless imaging. A diffraction-limited spatial resolution of 49 nm is achieved with iterative phase reconstruction enhanced by a holographic mask. Harnessing the unique coherence of high harmonics, this approach will facilitate quantitative, element-specific and spatially-resolved studies of ultrafast magnetization dynamics, advancing both fundamental and applied aspects of nanoscale magnetism.Comment: Ofer Kfir and Sergey Zayko contributed equally to this work. Presented in CLEO 2017 (Oral) doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_QELS.2017.FW1H.

Critical role for iron accumulation in the pathogenesis of fibrotic lung disease

Increased iron levels and dysregulated iron homeostasis, or both, occur in several lung diseases. Here, the effects of iron accumulation on the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and associated lung function decline was investigated using a combination of murine models of iron overload and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, primary human lung fibroblasts treated with iron, and histological samples from patients with or without idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Iron levels are significantly increased in iron overloaded transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2) mutant mice and homeostatic iron regulator (Hfe) gene–deficient mice and this is associated with increases in airway fibrosis and reduced lung function. Furthermore, fibrosis and lung function decline are associated with pulmonary iron accumulation in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, we show that iron accumulation is increased in lung sections from patients with IPF and that human lung fibroblasts show greater proliferation and cytokine and extracellular matrix responses when exposed to increased iron levels. Significantly, we show that intranasal treatment with the iron chelator, deferoxamine (DFO), from the time when pulmonary iron levels accumulate, prevents airway fibrosis and decline in lung function in experimental pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with an increase in Tfr1+ macrophages that display altered phenotype in disease, and DFO treatment modified the abundance of these cells. These experimental and clinical data demonstrate that increased accumulation of pulmonary iron plays a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and lung function decline. Furthermore, these data highlight the potential for the therapeutic targeting of increased pulmonary iron in the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases such as IPF

Termorregulación del búfalo de agua: mecanismos neurobiológicos, cambios microcirculatorios y aplicaciones prácticas de la termografía infrarroja

La regulación de la temperatura es un mecanismo adaptativo que se adquiere con la evolución, ya que solo las aves y los mamíferos (homeotermos o endotermos) tienen la capacidad de generar respuestas fisiológicas al frío y el calor. La termorregulación en animales homeotermos se basa en respuestas fisiológicas y de comportamiento (Guerrero-Legarreta et al., 2019a,b). En el caso de los mamíferos, existen especies con gran capacidad de perder calor a través del sudor (i.e. humano, caballo) así como otras con limitada o nula capacidad de sudoración [i.e. perro, gato, cerdo y búfalo, que poseen muy pocas glándulas sudoríparas] (Ruiz et al., 2012).Fil: Mota Rojas, Daniel. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana; MéxicoFil: Habeeb, Alsaied Alnaimy. No especifíca;Fil: Ghezzi, Marcelo Daniel. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Ravi Kanth Reddy, P.. No especifíca;Fil: Napolitano, Fabio. Università degli Studi della Basilicata; ItaliaFil: Lendez, Pamela Anahí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Cuibus, Alex. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine; RumaniaFil: Ceriani, Maria Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Sarubbi, Juliana. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BrasilFil: Braghieri, Ada. Università degli Studi della Basilicata; ItaliaFil: Martínez - Burnes, Julio. Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas; MéxicoFil: Bertoni, Aldo. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana; MéxicoFil: Gómez Prado, Jocelyn. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana; MéxicoFil: Orihuela, Agustin. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos.; Méxic

NetPath: a public resource of curated signal transduction pathways

NetPath, a novel community resource of curated human signaling pathways is presented and its utility demonstrated using immune signaling data

Distal Supervised Learning for Solving Inverse Kinematic Problems

The inverse kinematics of high degree of freedom (DoF) manipulators is one of the hardest problems in robotics. Neural networks seem to be a promising tool for its solution due to their ability to capture complex nonlinear mappings by learning example solutions and generalizing properly upon them over the whole problem space. However, a straightforward application of typical connectionist modeling techniques tends to yield poor solutions due to the nature of the mappings that have to be learned. Consequently, some major enhancements to the standard connectionist models are necessary in order to provide better solutions to the inverse kinematic problem. The method of Distal Supervised Learning (DSL), proposed by Jordan and Rumelhart ([4]) is a variation of the well-known feed-forward architecture ([9]). DSL finds the inverse model of a controlled object by using its forward model. The results, reported in [4], however, are for the simple case of a 3 DoF planar arm. Our work investigated..