Lenition in Persian Phonological System

This study deals with lenition processes according to the theoretical framework of generative phonology to answer the cited questions: How phonological processes are applied in Persian phonological system as lenition? In other words, how do the data support the application of lenition processes in Persian? In which contexts do lenition processes apply in Persian? Synthetic process typology of phonological processes is investigated according to the phonological pattern of Persian; finally the most frequent lenition processes are selected. To see how these processes are applied in Persian as lenition, Standard Persian and six dialects out of twenty five dialects which show these processes are selected. The data are gathered in field study. Then, each of the lenition processes is probed on the Persian varieties to find the alternatives and underlying forms which are important to decide how the lenition processes are applied; and to find the positions in which lenition processes take place. The collected data support the lenition processes in Persian. The data show that the lenition processes tend to occur in postvocalic, intervocalic and final positions; and the final position has the highest frequency for lenition processes to occur. This support Kenstowichz’s idea that mentions word final is the typical position for lenition. Keywords: lenition processes, generative phonology, synthetic process typology, Persian phonological system

Phonological Adaptation of Arabic Loan Words in Persian: Consonants

Abstract The purpose of the research is to study the phonological adaptation of Arabic loanwords in Persian, on the focus of consonants which their articulators are inactive in Persian. Authors gathered 700 Arabic loan words from Persian Dictionary of Moienand then they extracted phonemic form of loan words from two Arabic dictionaries, Contemporary Arabic -Persian Dictionary and Assimil Franais-Arabe Dictionary. The framework of the study is OT (Optimality Theory). The findings of the study is that interdental, pharyngeal, and bilabial glide places of articulation are inactive articulators in Persian and Persian language speakers replace loan words containing these consonants with the closest consonants in terms of place of articulation