Young Japanese People\u27s Views On Civic (Dis)Engagement

本稿は社会参加に関する意識調査を目的とする記述式アンケートに回答した日本の青年151名の意見を報告し、その社会参加に消極的な理由を解明すると共に、状況是正への提言を行うものである。In this article, we report on opinions held by 151 Japanese youth who responded to open-ended questions about civic engagement. The study sheds light on some reasons for Japanese youths\u27 civic disengagement and concludes with suggestions to remedy the situation

Stabilization of α-ZrP ceramic nanosheets adsorbing quaternary ammonium ions in organic solvents and their application as a stable solid support for lipase catalyzing stereospecific synthetic reactions

Herein, the effect of immobilizing lipase onto layered α-zirconium phosphate ceramic nanosheets (α-ZrP NS) on the enzymatic transesterification of allylic alcohols was investigated in organic solvents. α-ZrP NS modified with quaternary ammonium ions show a excellent dispersion stability in n-hexane. Lipase immobilized on α-ZrP NS enables the improved synthesis of chiral allylic alcohols and esters, with significantly reduced reaction times compared to reactions performed in the absence of α-ZrP NS. The coexistence of α-ZrP NS also results in more efficient steric inversion of the resulting allyl ester, suggesting the utility of α-ZrP NS as a support for lipase-induced stereospecific reactions. The present manuscript discusses on mechanisms of high dispersion stability of α-ZrP NS and their preferable immobilizing effect for the lipase inducing the steric inversion in detail