The Development of Texture in Copper and Copper-Zinc Alloys

The crystallite orientation distribution function has been determined for cold-rolled copper, copper-10 per cent zinc and copper-30 per cent zinc (α-brass) at cold reductions of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 90 and 95 per cent. The copper texture exhibits a steady development and contains a tube of orientations between limits which have previously been shown to be stable during multiple slip processes ({110}〈112〉 to {4411}〈11118〉). The textures of the copper-zinc alloys both show a similar initial development to that of copper but a transition occurs above a reduction of about 40 per cent. This indicated that an additional deformation mode had become active. The features of the transition are consistent with those expected if the additional deformation mode were mechanical twinning. The development of the basic texture (pure-metal type) is in agreement with predictions based on the assumption of multiple slip conditions incorporating a considerable amount of cross-slip.Peer Reviewe

Earing in Deep-Drawing Steels

The variations of the fourth-order coefficients of the crystallite orientation distribution function, with rolling reduction have been determined after cold-rolling and annealing for a deep-drawing quality rimming steel and an aluminium-killed steel. These coefficients influence drawability and earing behaviour and by the manipulation of the coefficients in the distribution function of a 60% cold-rolled and annealed rimming steel, a hypothetical non-earing sheet texture has been derived. By comparison with the actual sheet texture those textural components which most affect earing behaviour are identified.Peer Reviewe

The Representation of Texture in Cold-Rolled Copper Sheet by an Advanced X-Ray Diffraction Technique

The influence of texture on forming properties of metals has widely been recognized [l–4]. Preferred orientation of the crystallites (grains) in polycrystalline aggregates results in anisotropy of the mechanical properties. The desired degree of, or absence of, anisotropy depends on the particular process of forming, and any subsequent manufacturing process requires certain material properties for satisfactory performance. For example, the type of texture desired in deep drawing is quite different from the one necessary for simple stamping or multiaxial bending. Thus, in-process texture monitoring is receiving increased interest, both from manufacturers and researchers [4,5].</p