125 research outputs found

    Self-monitoring in schizophrenia : weighting exteroceptive visual signals against self-generated vestibular cues

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    Disturbances in self-monitoring are core symptoms of schizophrenia. Some research suggests an over-reliance on exteroceptive cues and a reduced weighting of self-generated interoceptive signals to guide perception. The vestibular sense provides important self-generated information about the body in space. Alterations of vestibular function are reported in schizophrenia, but it is unknown whether internally generated vestibular information is discounted in favour of exteroceptive input. In this study, we test for evidence of an over-reliance on exteroceptive visual cues and a reduced weighting of vestibular signals in guiding perception. In a group of individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls, we used a well-studied visual illusion – the Tilt Illusion – to probe the respective weight given to visual and vestibular cues in judging line orientation. The Tilt Illusion reveals that perceived orientation of a vertical grating is biased by the orientation in its surround. This illusion increases when the head is tilted, due to the reduced reliability of vestibular information that would otherwise provide an internally generated reference for vertical. We predicted that an over-reliance on exteroceptive cues in schizophrenia would lead to a reduced susceptibility to the effects of head position on Tilt Illusion strength. We find no difference between patients and controls. Both groups show comparable Tilt Illusion magnitudes that increase when the head is tilted. Thus, our findings suggest that chronic patients with schizophrenia adequately combine self-generated vestibular cues and exteroceptive visual input to judge line verticality. A stronger reliance on exteroceptive information over internally generated signals in guiding perception is not evident in our data. Deficits in self-monitoring might therefore be modality specific or state dependant

    Cocoon spinning behavior of Trioxys curvicaudus Mackauer, 1967 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

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    First results on cocoon-spinning behavior of aphid parasitoid Trioxys curvicaudus Mackauer, 1967 are reported.Даны первые результаты по изучению поведения во время плетения кокона паразитоидом тлей Trioxys curvicaudus Mackauer, 1967.Наведено перші результати з вивчення поведінки під час плетіння кокона паразитоїдом попелиць Trioxys curvicaudus Mackauer, 1967

    Using Innovative Tools to Support and Monitor Open Science

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    The purpose of the article is to examine and describe the operational principles and functional capabilities of modern services and tools designed to monitor, support and analyse dissemination of research outputs published open access, which can be utilized by librarians to promote open science practices. The research methodology is based on a combination of scientific methods, incorporating content analysis of official web pages of tools and services, as well as methods of synthesis, systemic analysis, structural functional analysis, and information-analytical methods. Scientific novelty. This article reviews modern tools, services and instruments, namely OpenAlex, BISON, COKI Open Access Dashboard, Journal Tracker Tool, OPTIMETA Plugins and others to support open scientific communication. It can be argued that development of open, non-commercial and shared infrastructure has the potential to vastly improve open access implementation. Conclusions. This study identified a number of innovative tools for analyzing and monitoring open access that can be used by librarians, researchers, and all interested parties. These tools are important for expanding and democratizing access to knowledge, overcoming territorial, institutional and disciplinary barriers. Improving open, non-profit infrastructure should be a key task on the path to implementing open science practices. Consequently, it is important for modern librarians to master their skills in working with open tools to monitor, analyze, and support open scholarly communication practices, given the evident potential of online tools in scholarly communication and their ability to disseminate the results of scientific activity

    Aphidiid Wasps (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) Parasitizing Aphids on Herbaceous Legumes (Fabaceae) in the Central Wood-and-Steppe Zone of Ukraine

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    Species composition and host associations of the aphidiid wasps infesting aphids in Kyiv, Cherkasy, Poltava and Kirovohrad Regions of the Central Wood-and-Steppe Zone of Ukraine were studied during 2010–2011, mainly on meadows. Nine species of aphids were found on 36 plant species, of them 7 species were infested by aphidiids. Six species of parasites were reared: Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall), L. confusus Tremblay et Eady, L. fritzmuelleri Mackauer, Lipolexis gracilis Fцrster, Binodoxys acalephae (Marshall), B. angelicae (Haliday). The most widespread species were L. fabarum and L. confusus. The rate of aphids colony infestation according to weather conditions and association with host plants are discussed. An illustrated key to the found species is given.Установлены видовой состав и трофические связи афидиид (паразитов тлей) на травянистых бобовых растениях в Центральной Лесостепи Украины на территории Киевской, Черкасской, Полтавской и Кировоградской областей. Материал собран в 2010–2011 гг. в основном на луговой растительности. На 36 видах растений было выявлено 9 видов тлей, 7 из которых были заражены афидиидами. Всего было выведено 6 видов паразитов: Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall), L. confusus Tremblay et Eady, L. fritzmuelleri Mackauer, Lipolexis gracilis Fцrster, Binodoxys acalephae (Marshall), B. Angelicae (Haliday). Наиболее массовыми видами оказались L. fabarum и L. confusus. Обсуждается доля зараженности колоний тлей в зависимости от погодных условий и приуроченности к кормовым растениям. Приведена таблица для определения видов выявленных афидиид

    The Study of the Self-Development Model in the Context of Structural Security of the Individual Integrity

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    Objective: The purpose of the study is the theoretical substantiation and testing of the methodological apparatus for determining the possibility of self-improvement and maintaining the level of personal psychological attitudes for social and professional interaction. Background: The individual is perceived in the social environment as complex integrity having specific sets of its own properties and definitions. The implementation of professional standards, the creation of new organizational and psychological mechanisms in society puts forward new requirements for personality. Method: The article presents a model for the formation of a qualitative perception of the possibilities of correcting motives and personality traits, which impact on the social interaction of a person. Results: Analysis of the obtained results allowed to admit the effectiveness of authors' experimental methodology. The authors show that the structural support for the development of the psychological characteristics of addictive individuals should be based on an understanding of the boundaries of social and professional interaction and the determination of the possibilities for its adjustment. Conclusion: The authors presented a model for the formation of a qualitative perception of the possibilities of correcting motives and personality traits. This, in turn, forms the possibility of defining a complex that contributes to additional social interaction between the components of the social structure

    Вивчення токсичної дії препарату “Інкомбівіт”

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    Modern veterinary medicine has made great strides in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, largely through the availability of highly effective drugs. One of the major challenges to development of effective, safe, competitive drugs in Ukraine is the creation of an effective system of pre-clinical trials that meet international standards. The toxicity study is a mandatory phase trials of new drugs. The drug “Inkombivit” accommodates only available endogenous biologically active substances, which are natural feed ingredients for animals and are naturally present in animal tissues. All active pharmaceutical ingredients used in drug “Inkombivit”, by the EU regulation No. 37/2010 related to non-hazardous for animals and people compounds. The LD50 of most active pharmaceutical ingredients included in the drug “Incombivit” for mice when administered orally ranges from 5000 to 10000 mg/kg body weight, except for some active pharmaceutical ingredients when they are contained in milligram amounts in 1 liter of the drug, for which LD50 less than 1000 mg/kg body weight of animals. Incombivit is a combination drug that contains fat- and water-soluble vitamins, trace elements and amino acids that normalize metabolism, increase overall resistance, improve productivity, safety and reproductive functions of animals. Acute toxicity of the drug was studied on 50 white mice weighing 19–21 g and on 20 white rats weighing 250–295 g. The animals were kept in accordance with sanitary norms and rules on a standard diet (compound feed) adopted in the vivarium. The acute LD50 of Incombivit for a single oral administration is 7500 ± 229.95 mg/kg body weight for mice and 6250 ± 375.50 mg/kg body weight for rats. Incombivit can be classified as hazard class 4 according to the International Standard GOST 12.1.007-76 and to category 5 according to the International Global Harmonized System (GHS) classification, as its LD50 for mice and rats with a single oral administration exceeds 5000 mg/kg body weight.Сучасна ветеринарна медицина досягла великих успіхів у профілактиці та лікуванні різних захворювань багато в чому завдяки наявності високоефективних лікарських препаратів. Одним з найважливіших завдань на шляху розробки ефективних, безпечних конкурентоспроможних ліків в Україні є створення ефективної системи доклінічних випробувань, які відповідають міжнародним стандартам. Вивчення токсичності є обов’язковим етапом дослідження нових лікарських засобів. Препарат “Інкомбівіт” вміщує лише ендогенно доступні біологічно активні речовини, які є природними компонентом кормів для тварин та природно присутні в тканинах тварин. Всі активні фармацевтичні інгредієнти, що входять до препарату “Інкомбівіт”, регламентом Європейського Союзу № 37/2010 зараховані до нешкідливих для організму тварин та людей сполук, для яких немає потреби встановлення максимально допустимих рівнів у продуктах тваринництва та проводити моніторинг їх залишків. LD50 більшості активних фармацевтичних інгредієнтів, що входять до препарату “Інкомбівіт”, для мишей при пероральному введенні коливаються від 5000 до 10000 мг/кг маси тіла, за винятком окремих активно фармацевтичних інгредієнтів при їх вмісті в міліграмових кількостях у 1 л препарату, для яких LD50 менші ніж 1000 мг/кг маси тіла тварин. “Інкомбівіт” – комбінований препарат, який містить жиро- та водорозчинні вітаміни, мікроелементи та амінокислоти, що нормалізують обмін речовин, підвищують загальну резистентність, покращують продуктивність, збереженість та репродуктивні функції тварин. Гостру токсичність препарату вивчали на 50 білих мишах масою тіла 19–21 г. та на 20 білих білих щурах масою 250–295 г. Тварин утримували згідно з санітарними нормами і правилaми на стандартному раціоні, (комбікормі), прийнятому у віварії. LD50 препарату “Інкомбівіт” при одноразовому пероральному введенні становить 7500 ± 229,95 мг/кг маси тіла для мишей та 6250 ± 375,50 мг/кг маси тіла для щурів. Препарат “Інкомбівіт” можно зачислити до 4 класу небезпеки згідно з Міжнародним стандартом ГОСТ 12.1.007-76 та до категорії 5 за Міжнародною глобальною класифікацією Global Harmonized System, (GHS), оскільки його LD50 для мишей та щурів при одноразовому пероральному введенні перевищує 5000 мг/кг маси тіла
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