EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA (ROXB) PLANCH

Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch has been used from long time in traditional medicine. The main objective of the work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. The antioxidant activity of petroleum ether and methanolic extract of Holoptelea integrifolia (HI) leaves was evaluated using Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity and Total Reduction Capability models. Preliminary Phytochemical investigation of the petroleum ether extract (PEHI) of Holoptelea integrifolia leaves reveals the presence of steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, proteins, tannins, and carbohydrate while methanolic extract (MHI) of Holoptelea integrifolia showed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins and carbohydrates. In case of Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity both the HI extracts showed dose dependant increase in percent inhibition i. e. hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and thereby showed antioxidant activity however PEHI is more potent than MHI in this regard, while in case of Total Reduction Capability both the HI extracts have shown dose dependent increase in absorbance thereby dose dependant total reduction capacity indicating antioxidant activity. Further trend suggest that PEHI has more potent antioxidant potential than that of MHI. The results indicate that petroleum ether and methanol extracts contained such phytochemial compounds which are active in case of antioxidant activity using Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity and Total Reduction Capability. Which support the ethnomedicinal application of the plant as an antioxidant agent. Keywords: Holoptelea integrifoila leaves, Antioxidant, Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity, Total Reduction Capability.Â&nbsp

Characterization of Hybrid Silicon Carbide and Boron Carbide Nanoparticles-Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Composites

AbstractHybrid nanocomposites based on aluminum alloy 6061 reinforced with different hybrid ratios of SiC (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 vol. %) and B4C (fixed 0.5 vol. %) nanoparticles were successfully fabricated using ultrasonic cavitation based solidification process. The fabricated cast specimens were characterized using SEM study with EDS analysis, hardness test, tension test and impact test. The results indicate that, by the ultrasonic cavitation effects namely transient cavitation and acoustic streaming, the nano reinforcements were successfully incorporated in the aluminum matrix. SEM study with EDS validates the presence of SiC and B4C nanoparticles in the aluminum matrix. Compared to the un-reinforced alloy, the room temperature hardness and tensile strength of the hybrid composites increased quite significantly while the ductility and impact strength reduced marginally. The combination of 1.0 volume percentage SiC and 0.5 volume percentage B4C gives the superior tensile strength. The major reason for an increase in the room-temperature mechanical properties of the hybrid composites should be attributed to the larger hybrid ratio of SiC and B4C nanoparticles, the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between matrix and hybrid reinforcements and the dispersive strengthening effects

Anti-ulcer (ulcer-preventive) activity of ficus arnottiana miq. (moraceae) leaf methanolic extract

Problem statement: In spite of being one of the well-known medicinal plants used in Indian traditional medicine to treat several ailments, studies pertaining to the pharmacological properties of Ficus arnottiana are very scarce. We studied the anti-ulcer activity and acute toxicity of Ficus arnottiana leaf methanolic extract for the first time. Approach: Freshly collected F. arnottiana leaves were dried, powdered and extracted in methanol. To study the anti-ulcer activity, Wistar rats were orally administered with different doses of the extract (0, 250 and 500 mg kg-1 body weight day-1) or with the reference drug omeprazole (8 mg kg-1) for 10 days. After induction of ulcer using 5 mL kg-1 ethanol, stomachs of these animals were analyzed for gastric volume, ulcer area and gross pathological changes. Results: Our results showed that F. arnottiana methanolic extract could prevent ulcer in rats in a dose-dependent manner. Histological studies revealed that the extract had mucoprotective activity. The extract did not show any acute toxicity even at the dose of 5000 mg kg-1 indicating that the extract has no lethal effect. Preliminary phytochemical screening of this extract identified the presence of important secondary metabolites like flavonoids and tannins. Conclusion/Recommendations: From this study, it is clear that F. arnottiana leaf extract had significant anti-ulcer activity in animal models. It had muco-protective activity and gastric antisecretary activity. The extract is non-toxic even at relatively high concentrations.(undefined

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW PHYTOSTEROL FROM HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA (ROXB) PLANCH LEAVES

Objective: The Plant Holoptelea Intergrifolia (Roxb.) Planch is being used for the treatment of various disorders since time immemorial in the indigenous system of medicine in India. The main objective of the work was to isolate a new phytosterol from petroleum ether extract of Holoptelea  Integrifolia leaves using Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Methods: As per ICH guidelines we have Prepared Thin Layer Chromatographic plates for separation of a new phytosterol from Petroleum  ether extract of leaves of Holoptelea  Intergrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. The mobile phase used for separation of phytosterol consisted ofChloroform: Ethyl acetate, in the volume ratio of 4:6 (v/v), UV, LC/MS, IR and NMR spectral analytical techniques were used for identification and confirmation of structure of a new Phytosterol by Preparative TLC. Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis of petroleum ether extract of Holoptelea integrifolia leaves showed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, proteins, tannins and carbohydrates. The isolated phytosterol designated as17-(6-(diethylamino) decan-3-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-12,13-dihydro-10H-cyclopenta[a] phenanthren-3-ol. It responded positively to Liebermann Burchard test indicating steroidal nature of the molecule. Conclusion: On the basis of spectral data analysis and chemical reactions, the structure of a new phytosterol isolated by preparative TLC from petroleum ether extract of leaves of Holoptelea Integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch has been formulated by UV, LC/MS, IR and NMR spectral analysis as 17-(6-(diethylamino) decan-3-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-12,13-dihydro-10H-cyclopenta[a] phenanthren-3-ol This is a new phytosterol isolated from plant source and being reported for the first time

DESIGNING OF ANTI-CANCEROUS HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS THROUGH MIMICKING OF PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERFACES

Objective: The objective of the study was to come up with of the small molecular modulators that inhibit protein – protein interfaces or interaction site in HDAC complexes. The main focus is on the mimicking or forming of tiny molecule wherever by inhibiting the protein-protein interactions in specifically HDAC protein complexes.  Methods: By mimicking of the interface of the protein interaction site like SIN3A-SMRT complex as well as SIN3A-NcoR complexes. Results: Totally 10 molecular structures were designed through molecular docking with HDAC2 PDB Id 3MAX and were downloaded from protein data bank. Conclusion: The results clearly indicate that before synthesis and biochemical testing of new lead and its analogs; one can use molecular modeling based methods for qualitative assessment

Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoencapsulation reduces erlotinib-Induced subacute toxicity in rat

Erlotinib-HCl is a quinazoline derivative used as a drug in the therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer. The present study was conducted to compare the subacute toxicity induced by Erlotinib-HCl delivered to rats as nanoparticles and as free drug. Wistar rats were orally administered with a daily dosage of 200 mg kg−1 Erlotinib-HCl either as free drug or as Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) encapsulated nanoparticles. After four weeks of treatment, the animals were analyzed for toxicological changes. Although nanoparticulate form of the drug did not induce any toxicity, free drug significantly reduced the levels of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC) and haemoglobin, while increasing the levels of neutrophils and corpuscular haemoglobin. Moreover, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly increased in the animals administered with free drug. Histopathological studies confirmed significant damage to the internal organs of animals treated with free drug. Whereas, the internal organs of animals treated with the drug encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles were more or less similar to the healthy organs. Our results show that Erlotinib-HCl delivered in the form of nanoparticles has less toxic effect than the free drug in experimental rats

Actinomyces in cervical smears of women using the intrauterine device in Singapore

10.1016/j.contraception.2005.09.005Contraception734352-35