THE CLIMATIC OPTIMA ASSESSED USING SEDIMENTS OF THE BLACK SEA

Abstract The database for palynological studies of marine, lagoon, alluvial and bog sediments of the Black Sea coastline on the territory of Georgia includes 26 profiles of Holocene sediments. The analysis and synthesis of the plotted pollen diagrams allowed us to make a stratigraphic subdivision of Holocene sediments and to reveal climatic fluctuations for the last 10000 years. Most informative appeared to be pollen spectra of marine formations where there are no intervals and sediment accumulation

Fishing Capacity of Georgian Anchovy Fishery

Anchovy fishery of Georgia (North Eastern Black Sea) has experienced a considerable decline since the 80ths. The Ministry of Environment Protection and Natural Resources (MEPNR) is in charge of fisheries management since 1994 and is implementing since late 2006 a new licensing system based on auction concept. According this management system, 4 winning bidders owned the right to fish an annual TAC in their lots for 10 years. The success of this management framework is subject to the adjustment of the fleet that exploit this fishery, which is rented by the aforementioned bidders, and the size of the fish stock, and therefore controlling the fishing capacity of the fleet. This paper is aimed at measuring fishing capacity and overcapacity of the fleet that exploits the North eastern Black Sea anchovy fishery in the EEZ of Georgia during four seasons in period 2005-2009. Fishing capacity and capacity utilization are determined using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in order to get this aim.Keywords: Fishing Capacity and Buyback Programs, Fish and Aquaculture Sectors Development, Fisheries EconomicsKeywords: Fishing Capacity and Buyback Programs, Fish and Aquaculture Sectors Development, Fisheries Economic