Synthesis, Theoretical Study, and Biological Evaluation of Some Metal Ions with Ligand "Methyl -6-[2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) -2-((1-Phenylethylidene) Amino) Acetamido] -2,2-Dimethyl-5—Oxo-1-Thia-4-Azabicyclo [3.2.0] Heptane-3-Carboxyylate

قاعدة شيف (ميثيل 6- (2- (4-هيدروكسيفينيل) -2- (1-فينيل إيثيل إدينيامينو) أسيتاميدو) -3، 3-ثنائي ميثيل-7-أوكسو-4-ثيا-1-أزابيسيكلو [3.2.0] هيبتان -2- كاربوكسيلات. تم استخدام أيونات العناصر و(Co (II), Ni (II , Cu (II) , Zn(II) (II) , (Hg (II)] لتحضير المعقدات . تم استخدام بنسبة تحليل المعادن M والتحليل الكيميائي للعناصر (CHNS)، وغيرها من الطرق الفيزيائية والكيميائية القياسية. تم استخدام القابلية المغناطيسية وقياسات الموصلية وFT-IR  والأطياف المرئية للأشعة فوق البنفسجية لتحديدها. تم إجراء المعالجة النظرية للمعقدات المحضرة في الطور الغازي باستخدام برنامج (hyperchem-8.07) للميكانيكا الجزيئية والحسابات شبه التجريبية. تم استخدام طريقة (PM3) لتحديد حرارة التكوين (ΔH˚f)، وطاقة الربط (Eb)، والطاقة الكلية (ET) للروابط والمجمعات المعدنية عند 298 K. لاستكشاف المواقع التفاعلية للمركبات، تم حساب القيم الكهروستاتيكية للرابط (L). تم استخدام PM3 لحساب ترددات اهتزازات (ligand (L ومعقداته المعدنية ، والتي تمت مقارنتها بعد ذلك بالبيانات التجريبية. تم فحص النشاط المضاد للبكتيريا (L) ومركباته المعدنية ضد ثلاثة كائنات دقيقة ضارة: Staphylococcus aureus (إيجابي الجرام) ، Echerchia coli (سلبي الجرام) ، و Candida Albicans.Schiff base (methyl 6-(2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (1-phenyl ethyl ideneamino) acetamido) -3, 3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylate)Co(II), Ni(II), Cu (II), Zn (II), and Hg(II)] ions were employed to make certain complexes. Metal analysis M percent, elemental chemical analysis (C.H.N.S), and other standard physico-chemical methods were used. Magnetic susceptibility, conductometric measurements, FT-IR and UV-visible Spectra were used to identified. Theoretical treatment of the generated complexes in the gas phase was performed using the (hyperchem-8.07) program for molecular mechanics and semi-empirical computations. The (PM3) approach was used to determine the heat of formation (ΔH˚f), binding energy (ΔEb), and total energy (ET) for ligands and metal complexes at 298 ᴼK. To explore the reactive sites of the compounds, the electrostatic potential of the ligand (L) was computed. PM3 was used to calculate the vibrational frequencies of the ligand (L) and its metal complexes, which were then compared to experimental data. The antibacterial activity of (L) and its metal complexes against three harmful microorganisms were examined: Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive), Echerchia coli (gram negative), and Candida albicans

Prediction Models for Modified Pavement Mixtures by Reclaimed Asphalt in Terms of Durability Indicators

The asphaltic pavement is often subjected to various types of distress during the service life caused by excessive load, construction practices, deficient materials, and environmental conditions. A lot of pavements may occur due to moisture damage because of the presence of water on the pavement's surface, which affects the pavement's service life. It needs periodic maintenance, which requires materials and money. So many countries take the economic side by reusing old, damaged pavement and mixed with new materials in addition to its sustainable benefits, the old material called reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). This study examines the effect of adding RAP on durability indicators, including tensile strength ratio, retained Marshall Stability, and durability Index, in addition to prediction statistical models for reclaimed asphalt pavement mixtures in terms of durability indicators. To achieve the goals of this study, the asphalt mixtures are designed according to the superpave system; the samples are compacted by a superpave gyratory compactor with a diameter of 100 mm and prepared with (6%, 13%, 19%, and 25%) RAP content with three conditioning periods of (1, 3, and 7) days and two aging periods (short term aging for loose mixture at 135˚C for 4 hours long term aging for 120 hours at 85˚C), and two testing temperature of 25˚C and 60˚C. The results indicated that stability increased as the RAP content increased compared to the control mix, and indirect tensile strength increased with RAP addition for both aging periods. Also, results illustrated that the tensile strength ratio for specimens tested at 25˚C is higher than that tested at 60˚C temperature

Seroprevalence study of IgG and IgM Antibodies to Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia trachomatis and Herpes simplex II in Pregnancy women in Babylon Province

In this work 180 blood samples was collected from pregnant women in Babylon province, Babylon maternity and children hospital from October/2008 to April/2009. It revealed that TORCH infections was; Cytomegalovirus formed (CMV) 57.2% followed by Toxoplasma gondii 55.5% Rubella 53.9%, Herpes simplex II 28.9% and Chlamydia trachomatis 24.4%. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV, Chlamydia trachomatis and Herpes IgM Antibodies according to various obstetric losses showed that Abortions happened in all causes with high percentage (Over than 30%) except Herpes infections (less than 6%), while congenital anomalies and premature delivery formed high ratio with some different in some cases. Neonatal deaths are very low under 1% except in CMV infections which formed 4.9%. Distribution of age with type of infection according IgM Antibodies to Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV, Chlamydia trachomatis and Herpes simplex revealed that major age group for infection was between <20 to 40 years which formed more than two third of all infection cases. Residential distribution with type of infection according IgM Antibodies shows that most infection occurred in rural area (over than 50% in all agents) except in Herpes simplex infections which formed 82.7% in urban area. TORCH (Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex) infections with incidence of abortion in pregnant women in this study revealed that First trimester was the highest ratio of infection than other two trimesters

A Comprehensive Review Of The Influence Of Heat Exchange Tubes On Hydrodynamic, Heat, And Mass Transfer In Bubble And Slurry Bubble Columns

Bubble and slurry bubble column reactors (BCRs/SBCRs) are used for various chemical, biochemical, and petrochemical applications. They have several operational and maintenance advantages, including excellent heat and mass transfer rates, simplicity, and low operating and maintenance cost. Typically, a catalyst is present in addition to biochemical processes where microorganisms are used to produce industrially valuable bio-products. Since most applications involve complicated gas-liquid, gas-liquid-solid, and exothermic processes, the BCR/SBCR must be equipped with heat-exchanging tubes to dissipate heat and control the reactor\u27s overall performance. In this review, past and very recent experimental and numerical investigations on such systems are critically discussed. Furthermore, gaps to be filled and critical aspects still requiring investigation are identified

Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Co-Delivered with Modified PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulating Temozolomide against Glioblastoma Cells: Developing an Effective Treatment Strategy

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered to be one of the most serious version of primary malignant tumors. Temozolomide (TMZ), an anti-cancer drug, is the most common chemotherapeutic agent used for patients suffering from GBM. However, due to its inherent instability, short biological half-life, and dose-limiting characteristics, alternatives to TMZ have been sought. In this study, the TMZ-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by employing the emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The prepared TMZ-PLGA-NPs were characterized using FT-IR, zeta potential analyses, XRD pattern, particle size estimation, TEM, and FE-SEM observations. The virotherapy, being safe, selective, and effective in combating cancer, was employed, and TMZ-PLGA-NPs and oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) were co-administered for the purpose. An AMHA1-attenuated strain of NDV was propagated in chicken embryos, and the virus was titrated in Vero-slammed cells to determine the infective dose. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of the TMZ, NDV, and the TMZ-PLGA-NPs against the human glioblastoma cancer cell line, AMGM5, and the normal cell line of rat embryo fibroblasts (REFs) were evaluated. The synergistic effects of the nano-formulation and viral strain combined therapy was observed on the cell lines in MTT viability assays, together with the Chou–Talalay tests. The outcomes of the in vitro investigation revealed that the drug combinations of NDV and TMZ, as well as NDV and TMZ-PLGA-NPs exerted the synergistic enhancements of the antitumor activity on the AMGM5 cell lines. The effectiveness of both the mono, and combined treatments on the capability of AMGM5 cells to form colonies were also examined with crystal violet dyeing tests. The morphological features, and apoptotic reactions of the treated cells were investigated by utilizing the phase-contrast inverted microscopic examinations, and acridine orange/propidium iodide double-staining tests. Based on the current findings, the potential for the use of TMZ and NDV as part of a combination treatment of GBM is significant, and may work for patients suffering from GBM