SUSTAINABILITY OF HEALING AND FRAGRANCE: ESSENTIAL OIL INDUSTRY REVIEW

ABSTRACT: These days when the world's resources are in danger, the resources of many products are slowly being depleted. Essential oils and medicinal aromatic plants are also among the products whose resource is depleted. This study aims to analyze the statements, studies, and awareness of companies that trade in the field of essential oils on sustainability. For this purpose, medicinal aromatic plants whose sources are in danger and companies operating in this field have been determined. Then, the sustainability statements of these companies were analyzed and their studies on this subject were examined. When researching endangered oils reveals that some plants such as sandalwood, frankincense, myrrh, and rosewood have emerged because they were collected from limited sources in regions of the world suffering from severe drought conditions. During the company analysis, titles such as responsible production, organic agriculture, certification, environmentally-friendly transportation and packaging, and the importance given to animal rights were taken as a basis. The awareness of companies in these areas was examined. As a result of the evaluation of the information found, it has been seen that the companies do not have many statements about sustainability in general. In addition, it has been determined that there is not much difference between exporting and non-exporting firms. ÖZ: Dünya kaynaklarının önemli derecede tehlikede olduğu ve sürdürülebilirlik kaygısının giderek arttığı bu günlerde, yavaş yavaş pek çok ürünün tükenmesi olasılığı ile karşı karşıyayız. Esansiyel yağlar ve tıbbi aromatik bitkiler de kaynağı tükenen ürünler arasında yer almakta. Bu çalışmanın amacı esansiyel yağlar alanında faaliyet gösteren firmaların sürdürülebilirlik alanındaki beyanları, çalışmaları ve farkındalığını analiz etmektir. Ayrıca bu amaçla kaynakları tehlikede olan tıbbi aromatik bitkiler ve bu alanda faaliyet gösteren firmalar tespit edilmiştir. Ardından bu firmalar ve esansiyel yağ ihracatı yapan markaların sürdürülebilirlik beyanlarını incelemek ve haber analizi yapmak yoluyla sürdürülebilirlik konusundaki farkındalıkları, tutumları ve faaliyetleri ortaya koyulmuştur. Firma analizleri sırasında sorumlu üretim, organik tarım, sertifikasyon, atık yönetimi, çevre dostu nakliye ve paketleme, hayvan haklarına verilen önem gibi başlıklar esas alınmıştır. Firmaların bu alanlardaki farkındalığı incelenmiştir. Bulunan bilgilerin değerlendirilmesi neticesinde, genel olarak firmaların sürdürülebilirlik konusunda fazla beyanlarının olmadığı görülmüştür. Sürdürülebilirlik alanındaki beyanların incelenmesinin ardından, ihracat yapan ve yapmayan şirketler özelinde karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. İnceleme sonucunda ihracat yapan ve ihracat yapmayan firmalar arasında sürdürülebilirliğe dair farkındalığa sahip olunması ve beyan yapılması konusunda çok fazla fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında; ülkemiz ihracatında önemli paya sahip ve sürdürülebilirlik tehdidi ile karşı karşıya olan esansiyel yağların üretici ve satıcılarına yönelik daha fazla bilgilendirme yapılması ve de farkındalık oluşması için bu çabaların sürekli ve geniş bir kesimi kapsayıcı şekilde olması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Tarım Bakanlığı yönetiminde ülkemizde yürütülecek çalışmalar çok büyük ilerleme yaratacaktır

Knowledge and skill needs of home caregivers and their care burden perceptions

Research problem/aim: Family members are increasingly taking more responsibility for patient care. We were conducted this study to determine knowledge and skill needs of in-home caregivers and their care burden perceptions. Methods: The study was designed as descriptive study. The universe of this study included 350 patients who were registered in a Public Hospital Home Care Services Department by year of 2016 and the research sample consisted of 161 patients and patient relatives. Data was collected to use Patient and Caregiver Forms, Care Burden Scale, and Barthel Index. We were calculated the data with percentage, average, standard deviation, independent samples t test, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis tests. Finding: Total Care Burden Scale point is 41.32 ± 13.20, caregiver’s age, marital status, educational status, economic status, to get help about care and receiving care duration do not affect CBS points, female caregivers have less CBS points than male caregivers and this difference is statistically significant (p < 0.05), the least skill level part of caregivers are care and prevention of decubitus, patient handling with the proper method, pay attention to their own body mechanisms, wound care, vital measurements, genital care, stress management and constipation. Conclusion: Caregivers have in a low level of training about care and need knowledge and skills according to patient needs. Care burden of men is higher than women

The role of antioxidant activity in the prevention and treatment of infertility caused by cisplatin in rats

Kurt, Nezahat/0000-0002-1685-5332; AKSOY, Ayse Nur/0000-0002-3793-9797; AKSOY, Mehmet/0000-0003-0867-8660WOS: 000350267200009PubMed: 25632879Background/Aims:To investigate the importance of antioxidant activity in infertility caused by cisplatin in rats. Methods: Rats in cisplatin control (CG), Vitamin E+cisplatin (ECG), Vitamin C + cisplatin (CCG), Hippophae rhamnoides extract (HRE) + cisplatin (HRECG), and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) + cisplatin (TPPCG) groups were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with (100 mg/kg) Vitamin E, Vitamin C, HRE, and TPP, respectively. One hour later, ip cisplatin was administered (5 mg/kg), and then antioxidant medications were continued for 10 days. Cisplatin + Vitamin E (CEG-1), cisplatin + Vitamin C (CCG-1), cisplatin + HRE (CHREG-1), and cisplatin + TPP (TPPCG-1) rats received cisplatin (5 mg/kg, ip) and were kept for 10 days. At the end of that period, rats received antioxidant medications for 10 days. (n = 12, for each group). Six rats from each group were sacrificed. Ovaries were removed to measure malondialdehyde, total glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase levels. the remaining rats were kept in a suitable laboratory environment. Results: Cisplatin-induced oxidative stress was best prevented by HRE, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and TPP, in that order. However, infertility caused by cisplatin was only prevented and treated by TPP. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is not a major component in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-associated infertility. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Base

Cardioprotective effect of Thymoquinone: A constituent of Nigella sativa L., against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and ventricular arrhythmias in anaesthetized rats

Reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium causes the myocardial injury and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in human. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and ischemia-and reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias in anaesthetized rats. Adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups, each containing a control and TQ-treated subgroups. In group I, the myocardial infarct size was determined by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining following 2-h reperfusion preceded by 30 min of ischemia. In group II, a 6-min myocardial ischemia was followed by a 10-min reperfusion. TQtreated subgroups were treated with TQ (10 mg/100µl/kg, i.p.) and the control subgroups were treated with the vehicle (100 µl/kg, i.p.) 20 min prior to the ischemic period. Ischemia was induced by ligating the left main coronary artery, followed by reperfusion. TQ treatment reduced the infarct size (15±4% versus 69±6%, P<0.01). Pretreatment with TQ decreased arrhythmia scores, as well as the incidence of ventricular tachycardia and the incidence of ventricular fibrillation during the reperfusion period (arrhythmia scores: 1.4±0.3 versus 4.4±0.3, P<0.01). These results suggest that TQ confers protection against myocardial I/R injury and suppresses reperfusion-induced arrhythmias

Prevalence of Infectious Diseases in Children at Preschool Education Institutions and Stakeholder Opinions

Preschool education institutions, where children have close contact and social interactions, can serve as potential environments for the transmission of infectious diseases. This issue poses a significant health concern, impacting both individual and public well-being. Thus, the present research set out to determine the prevalence of infectious diseases in preschool children and the views of parents and teachers on the prevention of infectious diseases. The study employed a mixed-method approach and involved 397 parents and 46 preschool teachers. The study was survey-based via in-person interviews. The results revealed that after they started school (almost in 5 months), children with a mean age of 4.7 ± 0.5 years experienced illness approximately 3.5 ± 2.0 times, of whom 91.5% used antibiotics. The prevalence of infectious diseases was found to be associated with the child’s being born at term, maternal education level, and the public/private status of preschool institutions. The presence of a sick child in the classroom elicits negative emotions from both teachers and parents. They recommend that studies on education, safety, hygiene, school health, health screenings, regulation of the learning environment, legal regulations, and school exclusion policies be carried out to prevent infectious diseases. When children with infectious diseases come to school, nearly half of the teachers admit them to the classroom due to various reasons and pressures. Parents request teachers to monitor medication, control sweating, and use a nebulizer for their sick children. Some of the teachers meet these requests, but they claim that the educational process is negatively affected. At preschool education institutions, the risk factors of infectious diseases have a complex structure and can be influenced by variables related to teachers, children, parents and the institution itself. Infectious diseases not only pose a threat to health but also impact teachers’ and parents’ emotions, teacher–child relationships, and the overall atmosphere within schools and classrooms