Clinico pathological study of hysterecomy for benign conditions of the uterus

Background: Uterus, being a vital female reproductive organ is subjected to many different pathological conditions. The objective was to study the correlation between the preoperative clinical diagnosis and the final histopathology of hysterectomy specimens.Methods: This is a retrospective study by the authors of all cases who underwent a hysterectomy over a 2 year period (2012-2014). All hysterectomies performed for malignant indication were excluded. The specimen was sent for histopathology examination to the pathology department of Vanivilas Hospital and Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital, Bangalore, India. All hysterectomy specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, paraffin embedded and 4-5μm thick sections were cut and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. All the collected data was tabulated and stastically analyzed by using SPSS software.Results: During the 2 year study period there were a total of 200 cases eligible for analysis. Leiomyoma was reported in 31% of specimen. Adenomyosis was reported in 20% of present cases. Chronic cervicitis was observed in 51% of cases in present study. Endometritis was observed in 3% of cases in present study. Tubercular endometritis was observed in 0.5% of cases. Endometrial polyp was observed in 1% of case in this study. 10% of the specimen was unremarkable and no pathology could be found.Conclusions: All hysterectomy specimens should be sent for histopathology regardless of the preoperative histopathology of the endometrium

Hysterectomy: clinical profile, indications and postoperative complications

Background: Hysterectomy is today a relatively safe routine operation performed commonly worldwide. This study aims to know the clinical profile, indications and post-operative complications of patient undergoing hysterectomy.Methods: This is the prospective study of 200 cases of hysterectomy done for benign conditions of uterus. The study period was from July 2012 to December 2014. Women who were tentatively going to undergo hysterectomy in the future were chosen irrespective of their age, parity or clinical presentation. A detail history of their complaints and a thorough physical and gynecological examination was done and recorded on performa.Results: Women in the study group were between 20-70 years. 50% belonged to 41-50 years of age. Hysterectomy was predominantly performed in para two and para three cases. Commonest presenting symptom was abnormal menstrual flow (62%). Commonest indication for hysterectomy was dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) (30%), fibroid (23%) and prolapse (20%). Abdominal hysterectomy (63%) was performed more commonly than vaginal hysterectomy (37%). Complications are more common in abdominal hysterectomy than vaginal hysterectomy.Conclusions: Women aged between 41-50 years with multiparous status were commonly affected. Abnormal menstrual flow was the commonest presenting complaint. Commonest indications for hysterectomy were dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Abdominal hysterectomies were commonly done than vaginal hysterectomy

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Not AvailableThe role of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1α/β (IL-1α/β), IL-6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferons, nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in pathogenesis of rabies is being actively pursued. Presently, levels of certain immune molecules in pathogenesis of rabies in mice have been investigated. CVS strain of rabies infection resulted in early increase in iNOS, TNF-α, caspase-1, Fas ligand (FasL) and toll-like receptor-3 (TLR-3) mRNA levels in brain, and nitric oxide levels in serum. The severity of clinical signs and microscopic lesions largely correlated with NO levels. Aminoguanidine (AG; iNOS inhibitor) decreased NO production with delay in development of clinical signs and increase in survival time. Prolonged survival time correlated with reduced viral load evident by real-time PCR, reduced fluorescent signals of rabies antigen in brain and reduced immunohistochemistry signals in neuronal cytoplasm. These parameters suggested that nitric oxide did influence the rabies virus replication. Inhibition of iNOS by AG administration led to decreased expression of TNF-α, caspase-1, FasL and TLR-3 mRNA levels suggesting that increase in NO levels in rabies virus infection possibly contributed to development of disease through inflammation, apoptosis and immune-evasive mechanismsNot Availabl