Apparent digestibility of differently processed grain legumes, cow pea and mung bean in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius and associated histological anomalies in hepatopancreas and midgut

Experiments were conducted to test the effect different treatment process like dehulling, soaking, autoclaving, germination and germination in combination with autoclaving on proximate composition and antinutritional factors (ANFs) of legume seeds, cow pea and mung bean. An in vivo digestibility trial was conducted in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon to determine the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of differently processed legume seeds. The CTTADs were determined by comparing the concentrations of digestibility marker (Cr2O3) in the feed and faeces of the juvenile shrimp (4±0.5 g). Seeds processed by germination in combination with autoclaving were low in ANFs and higher in proximate composition with increased protein contents of 18.3 and 15.6% in co

Dietary value of different vegetable oil in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon on the presence and absence of soy lecithin supplementation: effect on growth, nutrient digestibility and body composition

Sunflower oil, peanut oil, palm oil and sardine oil were evaluated for their dietary value in juvenile Penaeus monodon in the presence or absence of soy lecithin (SL). Eight isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated to contain each of the oils as the lipid source. Evaluation was based on the growth performance of shrimp (for 42 days) and apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC). The ADC of the diets was determined by comparing concentrations of the digestibility marker, chromic oxide in the feed and faeces of the shrimp. Shrimps fed diets containing vegetable oil with SL had significantly higher values ( P b0.05) than those fed diets containing the same oil without SL in all the performance parameters tested. No significant differences ( P N0.05) were observed among SL supplemented dietary treatments, although weight gain and feed efficiency were higher in shrimp fed diets containing peanut oil (PNL) and sardine oil (FOL) respectively. Among the dietary treatments without SL, shrimp fed sardine oil diet (FO) had significantly ( P N0.05) higher values than other diets in all the performance parameters tested which did not differ from those fed SL supplemented diets. There was no significant difference ( P N0.05) in survival of shrimp among the dietary treatments. Though apparent dry matter digestibility (ADMD) was not significantly differed among dietary oils, there exists a significant difference in ADC for crude protein, crude lipid and energy. All SL supplemented diets showed a marked increase in apparent crude lipid digestibility (ACLD) than the diets without SL. A high correlation was found between dietary phospholipid (PL) level and ACLD (r =0.95; P b0.05) of the experimental diets. Carcass composition of shrimp fed the different vegetable oil sources was similar. However, the lipid content was higher in the shrimp fed diets containing FO and FOL. The fatty acid composition of the test diets was reflected to a certain extent in the fatty acid composition of whole shrimp. The findings of the present work have shown that, shrimp fed vegetable oil supplemented with SL had significantly higher growth and nutrient digestibility comparable to that of sardine oil without SL

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Not AvailableIn this study, we examined the effect of different dietary inclusion levels of soy lecithin on growth, feed utilization, digestive enzyme activity, whole body fatty acid profile, body deformity and survival of milkfish (Chanos chanos) larvae, through a six-week feeding experiment. During the trial, five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic (~580 g kg−1 protein, 120 g kg−1 lipid and 20.5 MJ kg−1) practical larval diets with different levels of soy lecithin (0, 17.5, 35, 52.5 and 70 g Kg−1 in place of fish oil) were fed to triplicate groups of 18 days post-hatch milkfish larvae, three times a day, to visual satiation. At the end of the trial, larvae fed SL52.5 diet showed significantly higher final mean body weight (0.81 g), weight gain and specific growth rate, as compared to the other dietary groups. Feed intake was found to increase (0.74–1.54) linearly with increasing inclusion of soy lecithin. Corresponding to growth estimates, SL52.5 group had low FCR (2.37) and higher intestinal lipase activity than the rest. Likewise, the highest larval survival rate was recorded in SL52.5 and SL70. Protein efficiency (PER) was high in SL35, followed by SL52.5 group. The percentage of deformed larvae decreased with higher dietary phospholipid content, albeit with no statistically significant difference. The fatty acid composition of milkfish larvae was apparently independent of the dietary fatty acid content, with no significant dietary correlation. Overall, the results of the present study ascertained the beneficial role of dietary phospholipids in milkfish larval nutrition, and using second-order polynomial regression analysis, 59.6 g kg−1 soy lecithin was found to be the optimal inclusion level in milkfish larval feeds.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableMonodactylus argenteus,is a high-value euryhaline ornamental fishhaving a good market demand. Information about its nutrient requirement, especially protein, is essentialfor feed formulation to maintain good health, growth and colouration. A 3-month feeding trial on the fry of this species was carried out to evaluate the effect of varying dietary protein levels on growth, body indices, serum profile, skin carotenoid contentand body composition. Hatchery-produced fry (ABW : 0.73 ± 0.08 g)were randomly distributed into 18 glass tanks (90 L water each) in a recirculatory aquaculture system (RAS) @ 10fry per tank. Five isolipidic micro-diets (75 g kg-1) with graded levels of crude protein (CP) viz.250 (CP25), 300 (CP30), 350 (CP35), 400 (CP40), and 450 (CP45) g kg-1were formulated and fed to satiation twice daily. At the end of the trial, weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) andprotein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed with CP35, CP40 and CP45 diets were observed to be significantly higher compared to those fed with CP25, and CP30 diets. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) decreased with increased dietary protein levels. The viscerosomatic index (VSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI),exhibited a decreasing trend as the level of crude protein increased. The IPFwas directly proportional to the dietary crude protein content of the diet, the maximum value being obtained in the CP45 treatment. The whole-body crude protein contentshowed an increasing trend with the increment in dietary protein level up to the CP40 diet and the diet with the highest crude protein exhibited the lowest whole body crude protein content. Analysis of serum profile revealed that serum triglycerides, glucose and protein levels were significantly different (P<0.05) among the treatments.The group fed with CP40 recorded the highest concentration of carotenoids which was not significantly different from CP30 and CP35 groups. The whole body amino acids profile showed a significant variation in alanine, serine, threonine, glutamine and glycine.Broken-line regressionanalysis revealed that the optimum dietary protein level was in the range of 325-349 g kg-1 for maximum growth of silver moonyfry.Our study revealed that a minimum of 35 % protein in the diet of silver moony fry is optimal for improved growth.Not Availabl

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