Tumeurs primitives de la fosse ischiorectale : Diagnostic et traitement à propos de 07 observations à Abidjan

But : Le but de cette étude était de rapporter les aspects diagnostics et les résultats de la prise en charge des tumeurs primitives de la fosse ischio rectale. Patients et méthode : Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale à collecte de données rétrospective étalée de février 2019 à décembre 2023 dans le service de Chirurgie digestive et proctologique du CHU de Treichville. Nous avions étudié, les manifestations cliniques, les moyens diagnostiques, et les résultats du traitement chirurgical. Ont été inclus dans l’étude, les dossiers des malades suivis pour une tumeur primitive de la fosse ischio-rectale. Résultats : Nous avions colligé sept (7) patients pris en charge pour tumeurs primitives de la fosse ischio-rectale. Il s’agissait de 4 femmes et 3 hommes. L’âge moyen était de 48,8 ans, la médiane était de 50 ans et un écart-type de 14,4. Une prédominance féminine avec un sex ratio de 1, 33. Le motif de consultation était dominé par la proctalgie (n=3) qui était associée à une dyspareunie dans 2 cas. L’examen physique retrouvait une masse para-anale dans 4 cas. L’anorectoscopie était peu contributive. L’IRM demeurait le maître examen. L’histologie était en faveur des tumeurs malignes chez 4 patients. La résection chirurgicale était la règle et la voie périnéale antérieure était la voie d’abord principale. L’évolution Après recul de 4 ans, était marquée par 04 patients vivants en bonne santé apparente sans poursuite ni récidive tumorale. Conclusion : La tumeur de fosse ischio-rectale est une tumeur rare. L’expression clinique dépend du stade de la maladie. La tumeur maligne a dominé dans cette série. La résection chirurgicale périnéale antérieure est possible. L’imagerie par résonnance magnétique devrait être systématique devant toute proctalgie d’adulte. Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic aspects and results of the management of primary tumors of the ischio-rectal fossa. Patients and method: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection spread from February 2019 to December 2023 in the digestive and proctological surgery department of the Treichville University Hospital. We studied the clinical manifestations, the diagnostic means, and the results of surgical treatment. The files of patients followed for a primary tumor of the ischiorectal fossa were included in the study. Results: We collected seven (7) patients treated for primary tumors of the ischiorectal fossa. There were 4 women and 3 men. The mean age was 48.8 years, the median was 50 years, and the standard deviation was 14.4. A female predominance with a sex ratio of 1.33. The reason for consultation was dominated by proctalgia (n=3) which was associated with dyspareunia in 2 cases. Physical examination revealed a para-anal mass in 4 cases. Anorectoscopy was of little help. The MRI remained the master examination. Histology was in favor of malignant tumors in 4 patients. Surgical resection was the rule and the anterior perineal route was the main approach. The evolution after 4 years, was marked by 04 living patients in apparent good health without continuation or tumor recurrence. Conclusion: Ischiorectal fossa tumor is a rare tumor. The clinical expression depends on the stage of the disease. The malignant tumor dominated in this series. Anterior perineal surgical resection is possible. Magnetic resonance imaging should be systematic for any adult proctalgia

Evaluation of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the acetone extract from Anacardium occidentale L

The stem bark of Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), commonly called cashew, is used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of gastric and inflammatory disorders. The present study was carried out to investigate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the acetone extract (AE) of the stem bark of A. occidentale. We evaluated the pharmacological activities of this plant material through the analgesic, antiedematogenic and chemotaxic inhibitory effects produced by the AE. The oral administration (p.o.) of mice with the AE (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 g/kg) or positive control indomethacin (10 mg/kg) inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing by 18.9, 35.9, 62.9 and 68.9%, respectively (ID50% = 530 mg/kg). The highest dose of the AE was able to inhibit croton oil-induced ear edema formation by 56.8% (indomethacin at 10 mg/kg, p.o. - 57.6% inhibition). When submitted to the carrageenan-induced peritonitis test, the AE (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 g/kg, p.o.) impaired leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity by 24.8, 40.5 and 49.6%, respectively. The positive control, dexamethasone (2 mg/kg, s.c.), inhibited leukocyte migration by 66.9%. These results indicate the presence of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive principles in the acetone extract of Anacardium occidentale, and reinforce the plant's potential therapeutic use against pain and inflammatory diseases.As cascas do caule do Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), conhecido como cajueiro, são popularmente utilizadas no Brasil para o tratamento de doenças gástricas e inflamatórias. Este estudo teve como objetivo a avaliação farmacológica in vivo da atividade antiinflamatória do extrato acetônico (AE) obtido das cascas do A. occidentale, investigando os efeitos analgésico, antiedematogênico e inibitório sobre a quimiotaxia deste material botânico. A administração oral (p.o.) em camundongos com o AE (0,1; 0,3 e 1 g/kg) ou o controle positivo indometacina (10 mg/kg) inibiu as contorções abdominais induzidas pelo ácido acético em 18,9; 35,9; 62,9 e 68,9% respectivamente (ID50% = 530 mg/kg). Esta maior dose do AE também inibiu o edema de orelha produzido pelo óleo de cróton em 56,8% (indometacina, 10 mg/kg, p.o. - 57,6% de inibição). No teste da peritonite induzido pela carragenina, o AE (0,1; 0,3; e 1,0 mg/kg, p.o.) reduziu a migração de leucócitos para a cavidade peritoneal em 24,8; 40,5; e 49,6% respectivamente, enquanto que o controle positivo dexametasona (2 mg/kg, s.c.) inibiu a migração de leucócitos em 66,9%. Estes resultados indicam a presença de princípios ativos antiinflamatórios e antinociceptivos no extrato acetônico de Anacardium occidentale e reforçam o potencial terapêutico da planta em doenças que envolvem dor e inflamação

Accuracy Assessment of the ESA CCI 20M Land Cover Map: Kenya, Gabon, Ivory Coast and South Africa

This working paper presents the overall and spatial accuracy assessment of the European Space Agency (ESA) 20 m prototype land cover map for Africa for four countries: Kenya, Gabon, Ivory Coast and South Africa. This accuracy assessment was undertaken as part of the ESA-funded CrowdVal project. The results varied from 44% (for South Africa) to 91% (for Gabon). In the case of Kenya (56% overall accuracy) and South Africa, these values are largely caused by the confusion between grassland and shrubland. However, if a weighted confusion matrix is used, which diminishes the importance of the confusion between grassland and shrubs, the overall accuracy for Kenya increases to 79% and for South Africa, 75%. The overall accuracy for Ivory Coast (47%) is a result of a highly fragmented land cover, which makes it a difficult country to map with remote sensing. The exception was Gabon with a high overall accuracy of 91%, but this can be explained by the high amount of tree cover across the country, which is a relatively easy class to map

A global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass. The Forest Observation System approach

Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth’s ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities. Live, most up-to-date dataset is available at https://forest-observation-system.net