Galectin-3 and plasma cytokines in patients with acute myocardial infarction

WOS: 000343954700009PubMed ID: 25316666Objective: To investigate the concentrations of plasma cytokines and Galectin-3 (Gal-3) as inflammatory markers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: The study population consisted of 29 patients with AMI and 29 healthy control subjects. We measured Gal-3, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). We measured levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) via the nephelometric method. Results: Patients with AMI showed significantly higher plasma Gal-3, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 levels compared with controls. Gal-3 levels were positively and significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CRP levels in the control and patient groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Gal-3 can be a new circulating biomarker of inflammation associated with AMI

What is aging and cardiovascular aging?

Aging is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and results in a progressive functional decline of organs and the vasculature. According to WHO data today, 8.5 percent of people worldwide (617 million) are aged 65 and over, this percentage is projected to jump to nearly 17 percent of the world's population by 2050 (1.6 billion). Turkey's 65-and- over population rise over the last 5 years about 17,1% and it is estimated that the percentage of this elderly population will rise from 8.5% (2016 data) to 20,8% in the year 2050. With aging the LV dynamics changes, afterload and myocardial oxygen consumption increase coronary perfusion decrease and the aorta stiffens due to increased collagen and reduced elastine level leading to a high systolic and low diastolic blood pressure and increased pulse wave velocity. At the cellular and mitochondrial level endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells '(VSMC) have key structural and functional alterations that promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is defined as cardiovascular aging. To understand these changes is important for targeting new preventive and therapeutic strategies such as control endothelial dysfunction, mitocondrial oxidative stress, chromatin remodeling, genomic instability and vascular repair modalities including bone marrow-derived sterm cell transplantation in the aging population

Diuretics DIURETIKLER

Many cardiovascular disease interfere with the normal renal excretion of sodium, chloride and water, leading to their retention in an expanded extracellular fluid compartment. Diuretic drugs promote the renal loss of solutes and water. In spite of their use since more than 60 years the long-term effects, role on electrolyte disturbances, the neurohumoral system, effects on mortality and the risk/benefit ratio was evaluated in a few extensive clinical trials. The article looks over the general characteristics of diuretics, their use in cardiovascular disease, effects and side-effects on the basis of new trials and literature in this field

Short-term regression of left ventricular mass after aortic valve replacement in aortic stenosis with left ventricular concentric hypertrophy

After relief of aortic valve obstruction by valvular replacement, the left ventricular mass is supposed to regress. In this study, we assessed the early evolution of left ventricular mass 3 months after operation in patients with aortic stenosis and concentric hypertrophy. Echocardiographic study and measurements were performed in 27 patients (8 women; mean age 62 ± 12 years), according to the recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography. Hypertrophy was defined as concentric when the ratio of left ventricle wall thickness to left ventricle short axis radius was more than 0.45. After surgery, we observed a significant reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, interventricular and posterior wall thickness; the left ventricular mass index reduction was also significant (from 141 ± 36 g/m2 to 107 ± 29 g/m2, p < 0.05). These results already show a significant regression of left ventricular mass 3 months after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis accompanied by left ventricular concentric hypertrophy

Plasma levels of fetuin-a, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in patients with metabolic syndrome Metabolik sendromlu hastalarda plazma fetuin-a, adiposit-yağ asidi bağlayıcı protein ve 8-hidroksideoksiguanozin düzeyleri

© 2015 by Türkiye Klinikleri.The aim of the present study was to investigate new markers for metabolic syndrome. Fetuin-A is a physiological inhibitor of insulin receptor and is associated with insulin resistance. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein regulates cellular lipid metabolism by carrying free fatty acids to various intracellular compartments. Recently antioxidant and insulinotropic roles of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein were determined. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine is as a marker of oxidative DNA damage. In the present study, plasma levels of fetuin A, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine were determined in cases with metabolic syndrome. Material and Methods: A total of 60 cases with metabolic syndrome were included in the study. The control group was constituted by age-matched 20 healthy volunteers. Fasting blood samples were taken from cases, plasma levels of fetuin-A, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine were measured with competitive ELISA kits. Results: Plasma levels of 8- hydroxydeoxyguanosine and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein levels were found to be significantly higher in the cases with metabolic syndrome in comparison to those in the control group. No significant difference was determined between study groups for fetuin A level. Conclusion: Plasma level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein are at a high level in cases with metabolic syndrome. High 8- hydroxydeoxyguanosine level may be considered as an evidence for increased cancer risk in cases with metabolic syndrome. In addition, it was concluded that high adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein level may be related with hyperinsulinemia

Asymptomatic giant prolapsing right atrial myxoma: Comparison of transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in pre-operative evaluation

We present a 65 years old asymptomatic patient with a giant prolapsing right atrial myxoma diagnosed echocardiographically and compare the transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal two-dimensional features. Transesophageal echocardiography yielded a more accurate measurement of the correct dimensions of the tumour as compared with pathological findings, it also demonstrated clearly existing calcifications, the attachment and precise site of tumour pedunculation, showed haemodynamic changes, eliminated the possibility of other tumour foci. Transesophageal echocardiography gave correct anatomical and surgical data pre-operatively

Mitral kapak prolapsusunda ortostatik hipotansiyon ve tedavisinde atenorol'ün etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Mitral Kapak prolapsusunda (MKP) ortostatik hipotansiyon (OH), değişik mekanizmalarla oluşmaktadır, fakat sık görülmemektedir. Buna karşın varlığında hastaları oldukça rahatsız eder. Bu çalışmada, özellikle tekrarlayan başdönmesi veya bayılma semptomları gösteren ekokardiyografik tanılı MKP'lu hastalarda semptomların ortostatik hipotansiyonla ilgisi ve hastaların beta- adrenerjik blokere (atenolol) yanıtı araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ekokardiyografik olarak saptanan 122 MKP' lu (90 kadın, 32 erkek) hastada postural test ile OH araştırıldı. OH'u göstermek için sistolik (SKB) ve diyastolik (DKB) arteryel kan basınçları yatar durumda ve ayakta ölçüldü. OH (ayakta SKB 'nda $geq$20 mmHg düşüş) saptanan 17 hastanın semptomları sorgulanarak kardiyak muayeneleri yapıldı ve 24 saatlik Holter EKG kayıtlarında aritmi varlığı araştırıldı. Bulgular: 17 OH'lu hastanın 14'ünde (tüm benzer semptomluların %66.7'si) başdönmesi veya bayılma öyküsü gözlendi. Bu 14 hastanın yalnızca ikisinde semptomlar kardiyak aritmilere bağlandı. 4 hastada ise kan basıncı ölçümü sırasında başdönmesi ve/veya bayılma hissi oluştu. Atenolol ile beta-adrenerjik blokaj sonrası 11 hastada OH'nun düzeldiği ve semptomların kaybolduğu saptandı. Tedavi öncesi (TÖ) ortalama SKB yatarken 116±13.1 mmHg'dan ayakta 88±6.8 mmHg'ya düştü. Eşlik eden dakika kalp hızı (KH) ise, sırasıyla 86±10.3 vurudan 110±10.9 vuruya yükseldi. Tedaviden 4 hafta sonra (TS) tekrarlanan postural testte ise SKB yatarken 112.9±8.9 mmHg'lık değerden ayaktayken 107.7±9.5 mmHg'ya değişim gösterdi. KH ise, sırasıyla 70±6.6 vurudan 80±8 vuruya yükseldi. Hesaplanan postural % farklar; SKB' nda TÖ ve TS sırasıyla -23.8±3.7 ve -4.6±2.5 iken; KH'nda sırasıyla 28.7±11.8 ve 14.6±5 idi. Hem SKB'nda hem de KH'nda tedavi sonrasındaki değişmeler ileri düzeyde anlamlıydı (p 0.001). Sonuç: Mitral kapak prolapsusu olan olgularda ortostatik hipotansiyon varlığı sıklıkla tekrarlayıcı başdönmesi ya da senkopa yol açabilir. Bu semptomların nedeni açık olmamakla birlikte, aritmiler dışında otonom sinir sistemi veya nöroendokrin bozukluklardan kaynaklanıyor olabilir. Ortostatik hipotansiyonu tedavi etmek ve ilgili semptomları ortadan kaldırmak için atenolol ile beta bloker tedavi faydalı olabilir