Effects of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on total Antioxidant, polyphenolic and carotenoid contents of Orange fleshed sweetpotato tubers

Abstract A field study was conducted to determine the effect of organic and mineral-based fertilizers on phytochemical contents in the tubers of an orange fleshed sweetpotato variety (TIB-440060). Treatments were arranged in a split plot design with three replicates. Tubers harvested have been studied for their total antioxidant contents (TAC), total polyphenolic contents (TPC) and total carotenoid contents (TCC) using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR) and a method described by McMurry respectively. Organic fertilizer had a positive effect on the production of antioxidants, polyphenols and carotenoids whose contents increased significantly (P < 0.001) with the quantities of organic fertilizer. Increases about 19.61%, 34.41% and 12.82% due to annual (F1) inputs and increases about 15.94% and 15.46% and 12.17% respectively in total antioxidant, polyphenolic and carotenoid contents when these inputs of organic fertilizer are conducted biennially  (F2). The effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers indicated significant changes (P < 0.001) in accumulated antioxidant, polyphenolic and total carotenoids contents of TIB-440060 OFSP tubers. Total Antioxidant, polyphenolic and carotenoid contents of TIB-440060 varied significantly (P < 0.001) with the combination of organo-mineral fertilization used. Combinations using a minimal doses of 15 kg/ha of nitrogen, 30 kg/ha phosphorus and 45 kg/ha of potassium associated with an annual or biennial contribution of 20 t/ha of organic fertilizer gave the highest total antioxidant, polyphenolic and carotenoid concentrations. Keywords: OFSP extracts, phytochemical contents, polyphénols, antioxidants, carotenoids, organic fertilizer, mineral fertilizers, FRAP, FC

Evaluation of Eight Orange Fleshed Sweetpotato (OFSP) Varieties for Their Total Antioxidant, Total Carotenoid and Polyphenolic Contents

Eight varieties of OFSP whose yields ranged from 6 t/ha (Caromex) to 15.22 t/ha (BF82xCIP-18) have a water content less than the current value observed for OFSP (71%).These varieties have been studied for their total antioxidant contents (TAC), total polyphenolic contents (TPC) and total carotenoid contents (TCC) using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR) and a method described by McMurry respectively. TAC differed significantly (p < 0.05) depending on the variety. Among the varieties obtained by crossing, BF92xResisto-14 and BF92xCIP-6 with the highest levels of total antioxidants (respectively 4.12 and 3.04 mg of Trolox equivalent/g of dw), had also the highest levels of total polyphenols (respectively 2.432 and 2.269 mg of Gallic acid equivalents/g of dw) and total carotenoids (respectively 0.180 and 0.132 mg of Beta-carotene equivalents/g of dw). There was a good correlation first, between the TAC and the TPC (r2 = 0.957) and between the TAC and the TCC (r2 = 0.867) on the other. Antioxidant activities observed may be due to the effect of synergy between polyphenols and carotenoids. Keywords: Yield, OFSP extracts, total antioxidant content, total polyphenolic content, total carotenoid content, FRAP, FCR

Influences of Storage Conditions, Cultivation and Culinary Practices, On the Antioxidant Capacity of Red Bulbs of Some Onion Varieties Grown in Burkina Faso

Red onion bulb is a vegetable containing micronutrients with antioxidant properties. However, certain factors can have an impact on the content of these compounds. The present research evaluate the effects of parameters such as cultural practices, storage conditions and culinary practices, on the antioxidants content of red onion bulb of some varieties grown in Burkina Faso. The identification of the factors was carried out through field surveys, and their effects on the antioxidants content were assessed and appreciated through especially specific related bibliographic and laboratory test data. The results showed that84.78% of farmers use chemical fertilizers and all of them use chemical pesticides on onion crop. They don’t use premises or equipment suitable for storage. About dishes,7.61% of cooks, peel, cut and wash onion bulb before steam cooking, boiling water cooking or oil frying them at high temperature during 30 minutes to 3 hours. Some cooks use to braise onion bulb scales as ingredients for different dishes such as barbecue. Only 02,72% of cooks grind the onion bulbs with a pestle, before using the crushed as such on barbecue, or slow cooking it in different sauces. Research results show that these culinary practices contribute declining significantly the final intake of antioxidant for the consumer's body

Influence of Agro-Ecological Areas on the Antioxidant Capacity of Onion Varieties Grown in Burkina Faso

Colored onion bulb is an important source of antioxidants. Some ecological factors can significantly influence the content and quality of these substances. The aim of the present study is to determine the antioxidant and total polyphenol content of fresh bulbs of five (05) varieties of onion (Galmi Violet, Damani Violet, Prema, Safari and a Local variety-LV) grown in Burkina Faso, and to evaluate also the influence of agro-ecological parameters on the antioxidant content of the most cultivated variety (Galmi violet) of them. Samples of onion bulb for analysis were collected in the six agro-ecological areas of Burkina Faso under the same cultivation conditions. Antioxidant activities were evaluated using the method of Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power. The evaluation of the total polyphenol contents was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results showed that antioxidant activities for the 5 varieties tested vary between 0.125 ± 0.001 and 0.149 ± 0.004 mg TE / g, and total polyphenol contents from 0.172 ± 0.011 to 0.272 ± 0.003 mg EAG/g. Results on the assessment of the effect of ecology on the antioxidant content of Galmi violet variety revealed significant variations in antioxidant content from 0.144 ± 0.002 to 0.155 ± 0.001 mg TE / g, and total polyphenols from 0.208 ± 0.014 to 0.292 ± 0.012 mg EAG / g depending on the ecological cultivation area

Caractérisation d'extraits totaux de colorants à usage textile de dix plantes tinctoriales du Burkina Faso

peer reviewedPour disposer de colorants naturels prêts à l'emploi pour les artisans teinturiers, des travaux d'extraction aqueuse et d'analyses quantitatives et qualitatives ont été réalisés sur des colorants textiles totaux obtenus de différents organes de dix plantes tinctoriales du Burkina Faso. Avec des rendements d'extraction au-dessus de 10%, les gousses de A. nilotica (20%) et des feuilles de I. tinctoria (12%) se distinguent des autres (5%). Les teneurs en flavonoïdes totaux varient entre 911,233±13,887 mgEQ/g pour A. nilotica, et 211,704±11,109 mgEQ/g L. inermis. Les taux de tanins hydrolysables varient de 26,04 % pour A. nilotica à 1,67 % pour L. inermis. A. nilotica possède un taux de tanins condensés comparable à celui de B. orellana (24,059%). L'analyse en HPTLC des colorants totaux a révélé que l'extrait des feuilles fraiches de M. indica renferme la mangiférine. Les vibrations d'élongation νO-H et νC-O respectivement des alcools, des éthers oxydes et des acides carboxyliques mettent en évidence dans les colorants des molécules de flavonoïdes et des tanins utiles en teinture naturelle. Par ailleurs, les vibrations δN-H : 1581 cm-1, δC-N: 1389 cm-1, δC-O: 1036 cm-1 révèlent que le colorant de I. tinctoria renfermerait des amines cycliques tels que l'indican, l'isatan B et l'indigotine

Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Balanites aegyptiaca, Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis Used against Seed-borne Fungi in Burkina Faso

Aims: Hydro-ethanolic extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca, Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis from Burkina Faso were investigated for their phytochemical composition and their antioxidant activities. Methods: High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was used for phytochemical screening. The total phenolic, total flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of extracts were assessed. The antioxidant potentials of the extracts were also evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-l­picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Results: Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins were present in all these plant extracts. Tannins were only found in Acacia gourmaensis extract. Acacia gourmaensis extract exhibited the highest total phenolics ( mg GAE/g), total flavonoids ( mg QE/100 g), total anthocyanins () contents and had the highest antioxidant activity by DPPH ( and FRAP methods). Balanites aegyptiaca and Securidaca longepedunculata showed the lowest phenolic compounds ( mg GAE/g and 76.69±1.84 mg GAE/g respectively); total flavonoids ( mg QE/100 g and mg QE/100 g respectively), anthocyanins (24.49±1.43 µg/g and 24.57±0.52 µg/g respectively) contents and had the lowest antioxidant activity for DPPH method ( and µg AAE/g respectively) and FRAP method ( and µg AAE/g respectively). Conclusion: Balanites aegyptiaca, Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis represent natural sources of phenolic antioxidant compounds that can be used as a bio-fungicide

Evaluation des teneurs en antioxydants et micronutriments des feuilles de onze variétés de Ipomoea batatas à chairs orange et pourpre produites au Burkina Faso

peer reviewedChlorophylls a and b, phenolic compounds, carotenoids in total antioxidants from the leaves of eleven varieties of orange and purple sweet potatoes were assessed by spectrophotometry. Using the ABTS method, BF59XCIP1 (43.450 mg ET/g) has the highest antioxidant content ahead of BF59XCIP4, TUSKEGEE- POURPRE CAP VERT and TIB17 (40.969 mg ET/g) and TUSKEGEE-POURPRE (38.161 mg ET/g). The leaves of MOTHER DELIGHT, accumulate much more phenolic compounds (27.37 mg EAG/g) than TIB21 and TIB29 which have an average content of 24.78 mg EAG/g. The lowest levels are observed in TUSKEGEE-POURPRE, BF59XCIP1, TUSKEGEE-POURPRE CAP VERT with an average content of 14.94 mg EAG/g and TUSKEGEE-ORANGE (19.104 mg EAG/g). For Chl b, the extraction solvent accounts for 81.23% of the significant differences observed. Methanol is the best extraction solvent for Chl a (71.93g/100g) and Chl b (56.98g/100g) ahead of the acetone-water system (Chl a 60.81g/100g ; Chl b 29.71g/100g). For carotenoids, the extraction solvent (72.5%) has a strong influence in favour of the acetone-water system, which can extract 11,967 g of total carotenoids in 100 g of leaves.Les teneurs en Chlorophylles a et b, en composés phénoliques, en caroténoïdes en antioxydants totaux des feuilles de onze variétés de patates douces à chairs orange et pourpre ont été évaluées par spectrophotométrie. Par la méthode à l'ABTS, BF59XCIP1 (43,450 mg ET/g) possède la meilleure teneur en antioxydants devant les variétés BF59XCIP4, TUSKEGEE-POURPRE CAP VERT et TIB17 (40,969 mg ET/g) et la variété TUSKEGEE-POURPRE (38,161 mg ET/g). Les feuilles de MOTHER DELIGHT, accumulent beaucoup plus les composés phénoliques (27,37 mg EAG/g) que TIB21 et TIB29 qui possèdent une teneur moyenne de 24,78 mg EAG/g. Les plus faibles teneurs sont observées au niveau des variétés TUSKEGEE-POURPRE, BF59XCIP1, TUSKEGEE-POURPRE CAP VERT possédant en moyenne 14,94 mg EAG/g et TUSKEGEE-ORANGE (19,104 mg EAG/g). Pour la Chl b, le solvant d'extraction explique à 81,23 % les différences significatives observées. Le méthanol est le meilleur solvant d'extraction de la Chl a (71,93 mg/100 g) et de la Chl b (56,98 mg/100 g) devant le système acétone-Eau (Chl a= 60,81 mg/100 g ; Chl b= 29,71 mg/100 g). Concernant les caroténoïdes, le solvant d'extraction (72,5 %) a une grande influence en faveur du système acétone-Eau qui peut extraire dans 100 g de feuilles, 11,967 mg de caroténoïdes totaux

Quality control and standardization of FACA® syrup

Sickle cell disease is a major public health problem. It is the first genetic disease in the world. FACA syrup offers an alternative treatment. It is a dry powder preparation of two components, the roots barks of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Lam. (Rutaceae) Zepernick, Timler and Calotropis procera. Ait. R.B.r. (Asclepiadaceae). The product was developed at Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS) from a traditional recipe used in Burkina Faso for treatment of sickle cell crises. This study aimed to establish physical-chemical, pharmaco technical and microbiological control parameters essential for the standardization of the phytomedicine. This valuation concerned specifications of moisture content, pH, the fingerprint by thin layer chromatography, pesticide residues, heavy metal content, microbial quality, and total ash. These charcteristics were determined by the methods prescribed by the World Health Organization (1998) and the European Pharmacopoeia 6th edition. The results have shown that dry syrups and reconstituted syrups were sweet, slightly spicy with a bitter after taste, a white room color and a faint odor. The density at the preparation was 0.985 and the pH was 5.93. After 2 months of storage in the laboratory, the organoleptic parameters of the reconstituted syrups have not changed. They were mold free, the density remained around 1 and the pH between 5 and 4. These parameters have shown that the quality of plants powders and these medicine comply with the recommendations of the European pharmacopoeia. Faca syrup may contribute to the better management of sickle cell disease in children

Identification of five acylated anthocyanins and determination of antioxidant contents of total extracts of a purple-fleshed Ipomoea batatas L. variety grown in Burkina Faso

peer reviewedAnthocyanins are bioactive compounds, which thanks to their anti-free radical properties, can protect the human body against oxidative stress. The latter can cause many diseases, such as cancer, aging. The extract of the green cap purple variety of the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is active against the radical ABTS. Its antioxidant content is estimated at 0.183 mg E TEAC/ g fresh material. The characterization of anthocyanins was performed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-UV (HPLC-MS-UV) and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analyses. These analyses allowed the identification of five anthocyanic compounds. These are: cyanidin 3-(6''-caffeoyl- 6'''-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside) -5-glucoside; cyanidin 3-(6''-feruloyl 6'''-caffeoyl sophoroside) -5-glucoside; peonidin 3-(6'''-caffeoyl sophoroside)-5-glucoside; peonidin 3-(6''-caffeoyl-6'''-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside) -5-glucoside; and peonidin 3-(6''-feruloyl -6'''-caffeoyl sophoroside)-5-glucoside

HPTLC Phytochemical Screening and Hydrophilic Antioxidant Activities of <i>Apium graveolens</i> L., <i>Cleome gynandra</i> L., and <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa</i> L. Used for Diabetes Management

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